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Fake, deepfake and not fake

Experts recently provided a briefing about artificial intelligence to senior leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Since then, Elder Jack N. Gerard has warned the church’s youth and young adults about “deepfakes” — technology that threatens to allow people to convincingly create fake videos of real people. After Facebook banned deepfakes on Monday, Wired magazine called their creation “a potentially apocalyptic scenario for humanity’s ability to tell truth from falsehood.”

In addition to his role as a General Authority Seventy, Elder Gerard is the executive director of Church Communications. On Oct. 29, 2019, he delivered a devotional address to students at BYU-Idaho in which he talked about the briefing.

The briefing initially centered on the positive potential of artificial intelligence before the discussion turned to serious challenges like deepfakes. To illustrate his point, Elder Gerard shared two humorous, obviously doctored videos of BYU-I President Henry J. Eyring. You can see them in this link to the official university video of his talk. They begin at the 3:30 mark.

Neither video is a deepfake. They are obviously fake. Deepfakes are videos that are fake but appear completely real or, as Elder Gerard said, they have “the ability to take someone’s image or voice and make it appear to do or say something that they did not do or say.”

Elder Gerard also addressed the issue of deepfakes three weeks later during a devotional for single adults that I covered in New York City.

“The experts tell us that within the next year or two that we will not, unless things change or unless we become highly skilled, we will not be able to discern what is true and what is reality in the form of videos, memes, etc., and what is not true,” he said.

He added during his talk at BYU-Idaho, “We have arrived at the point where technology can easily create alternative false realities. As a news anchor reporting on the subject said, ‘seeing isn’t believing anymore.’”

My colleague Erica Evans at the Deseret News wrote this helpful explainer piece about deepfakes, but concerns continue to grow as the technology continues to improve. 

A Los Angeles Times reporter recently called on journalists to do a better job in 2020 of teaching media literacy. The Deseret News editorial board followed yesterday with an editorial that said “a general lack of media savvy is bad for democracy.”

“In order to survive, freedom and self-governance require responsibility,” the editorial added. “There is no escaping the need for people to spend more time educating themselves thoroughly on candidates and issues, and from a variety of credible sources.”

Elder Gerard gave youth and young adults religious counsel.

“For each of us to come unto Christ and abide the day in which we live, to avoid the deceptive lures of the world that would take us from the covenant path, may I invite you to consider, or perhaps reconsider, two important principles,” he said at BYU-Idaho. “First, to follow the prophets with exactness by listening more completely to what they say; and second, as our prophet President (Russell M.) Nelson has counseled, we must learn to receive revelation.”

In New York he added, “As we learn to hear the word of the Lord with great clarity, we will be able to discern truth from error, fake from not fake.”

My Recent Stories

It’s the start of a new era as Salt Lake Temple begins its 4-year renovation (Dec. 30, 2019)

The tsunami hit 15 years ago. Here’s how the world came together to help the victims rebuild their lives (Dec. 25, 2019)

What I’m Reading ...

Done well, oral history is fascinating. This one is done really well, and looks at one of the oddest moments in sports franchise management history: the day a future Hall of Fame football coach walked into a news conference where he was to be named a head coach but instead resigned. I’ll tell you about a knockout oral history I’m reading right now, a new book on 9/11, next week.

Don Larsen just died. The only man to ever pitch a perfect game in the World Series. That means 27 batters came to the plate against him, and not a single one reached base. No hits, no walks, no errors. You can watch the final pitch here and hear unparalleled announcer Vin Scully say moments later about the perfect game, “When you put it in a World Series, you’ve set the biggest diamond in the biggest ring.” I learned from a tweet that a New York reporter covering the game had a hard time coming up with a first sentence to match the moment. Boston Globe baseball writer Pete Abraham tweeted this: “RIP Don Larsen. As legend has it, Daily News beat writer Joe Trimble sat at his typewriter unable to come up with a lead after Larsen beat the Dodgers. Dick Young stepped in and wrote, ‘The imperfect man pitched a perfect game yesterday.’ Trimble took it from there.”

I recently recommended the book “She Said” after reading it. Now I’ve voraciously consumed “Catch and Kill,” which is a sort of sequel by Ronan Farrow. Farrow was simultaneously working with alleged victims of Harvey Weinstein at the same time the authors of “She Said” were. Again, the resulting two books are to #MeToo what “All the President’s Men” was to Watergate. One colleague told me she thought Farrow was too self-referential in his book. She’s probably right, but I enjoyed it because I took it as an attempt at transparency and as a peek behind the curtains of his life as Mia Farrow’s son and as a journalist reporting on harassment, assault and coverups while working in an office that was rife with harassment, assault and coverups.

Those two books tread disturbing ground, so I would be judicious in choosing to read them. That said, I also read “The Guardians” over the holidays, the latest novel from John Grisham. It’s a murder mystery, so it comes with some mayhem, but it is otherwise quite a clean book. It’s not peak Grisham — that’s “The Firm” — but it is a very solid, interesting novel about at a small, nonprofit innocence project based on a real law firm that works to exonerate innocent people convicted of horrible crimes.

Behind the Scenes

Elder Jack N. Gerard, right, gestures as he speaks with Martha Bárcena, Mexico's ambassador to the United States, and President M. Russell Ballard in New York City on Nov. 16, 2019.
I was sad to learn today that the Newseum in Washington, D.C., closed at the end of 2019. Reportedly, it will reopen in a new location in the future. My wife and I thoroughly enjoyed our two visits in 2017 and 2018. You can read more at this link.
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