Glycosmedia Weekly Diabetes News - 06/10/2022

Oral Fat Tolerance Testing Identifies Abnormal Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance

In individuals with normal glucose tolerance, β-cell function and insulin sensitivity gradually decrease with a deterioration in the lipid profile. Not only fasting TG but also postprandial TG concentrations are independent risk factors for impaired β-cell function and insulin resistance (Journal of Diabetes Investigation)

The Relationships Between Glycated Hemoglobin and Bone Turnover Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes but No Diabetic Nephropathy

An increase in HbA1c is associated with gradual decreases in the circulating concentrations of 25OHD and OC (International Journal of General Medicine)

Gliflozins in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease

SGLT2 inhibitors are responsible for major paradigm shifts in the care of patients with or at high risk for heart failure, progression of chronic kidney disease, or both. SGLT2 inhibition improves cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure over a wide range of ejection fractions, regardless of whether the patients have type 2 diabetes. In addition to having glucosuric and natriuretic properties, these agents also reduce the risk of end-stage kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (NEJM)

Effects of Long-term Metformin and Lifestyle Interventions on Cardiovascular Events in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Its Outcome Study

Neither metformin nor lifestyle reduced major cardiovascular events in DPPOS over 21 years despite long-term prevention of diabetes. Provision of group lifestyle intervention to all, extensive out-of-study use of statin and antihypertensive agents, and reduction in the use of study metformin together with out-of-study metformin use over time may have diluted the effects of the interventions (Circulation)

Circulating levels of AGEs and soluble RAGE isoforms are associated with all-cause mortality and development of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study

The ratio between AGEs and the cRAGE isoform is predictive of 15-year survival in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our data support the assessment of circulating AGEs and soluble RAGE isoforms in patients with type 2 diabetes as predictors of MACE and all-cause mortality (Cardiovascular Diabetology)

Once-Weekly Dulaglutide for the Treatment of Youths with Type 2 Diabetes

Treatment with dulaglutide at a once-weekly dose of 0.75 mg or 1.5 mg was superior to placebo in improving glycemic control through 26 weeks among youths with type 2 diabetes who were being treated with or without metformin or basal insulin, without an effect on BMI (NEJM)

Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity

In this 72-week trial in participants with obesity, 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg of tirzepatide once weekly provided substantial and sustained reductions in body weight (NEJM)

Discovery of a Biomarker Signature That Reveals a Molecular Mechanism Underlying Diabetic Kidney Disease via Organ Cross Talk

AI-assisted discovery of the biomarker signature reveals a potential molecular mechanism underlying the complex interorgan communication occurring during DKD pathogenesis (Diabetes Care)