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ScienceDaily: Earth & Climate News |
Scientists offer road map to improve environmental observations in the Indian Ocean Posted: 15 Jan 2021 01:33 PM PST A group of more than 60 scientists have provided recommendations to improve the Indian Ocean Observing System (IndOOS), a basin-wide monitoring system to better understand the impacts of human-caused climate change in a region that has been warming faster than any other ocean. |
Glass frogs living near roaring waterfalls wave hello to attract mates Posted: 15 Jan 2021 12:53 PM PST A conservationist has discovered that the glass frog Sachatamia orejuela can be added to the list of species that make use of visual cues in response to their acoustic environments. This is the first time a member of the glass frog family (Centrolenidae) has been observed using visual communication in this manner. |
Researchers trace geologic origins of Gulf of Mexico 'super basin' success Posted: 15 Jan 2021 08:52 AM PST The Gulf of Mexico holds huge untapped offshore oil deposits that could help power the U.S. for decades. According to researchers, the basin's vast oil and gas reserves are the result of a remarkable geologic past. Only a fraction of the oil has been extracted and much remains buried beneath ancient salt layers, just recently illuminated by modern seismic imaging. |
Stuck in a rut: Ocean acidification locks algal communities in a simplified state Posted: 15 Jan 2021 08:03 AM PST Researchers have found that ocean acidification limits algal communities to a state of low diversity and complexity. Communities grown in waters rich in carbon dioxide (CO2) were dominated by turf algae, and had low biodiversity, ecological complexity and biomass. Communities grown under acidic conditions and then transferred to waters that weren't CO2-enriched increased their biodiversity and complexity, showing that they can recover if CO2 emissions are significantly reduced. |
Filling a crucial gap in aquafarming: Ion beam breeding to the rescue Posted: 15 Jan 2021 08:03 AM PST Researchers successfully created a larger strain of zooplankton by creating mutations with a heavy ion beam, which contributes to improving the survival rate and growth of juvenile fish in aquaculture. |
Intertropical Convergence Zone limits climate predictions in the tropical Atlantic Posted: 15 Jan 2021 08:03 AM PST The strongest climate fluctuation on time scales of a few years is the so-called El Niño phenomenon, which originates in the Pacific. A similar circulation pattern exists in the Atlantic, which scientists have now studied in more detail. Their results contribute to a better understanding of this climate fluctuation and pose a challenge for prediction models. |
2020 tied for warmest year on record, NASA analysis shows Posted: 15 Jan 2021 07:30 AM PST Earth's global average surface temperature in 2020 tied with 2016 as the warmest year on record, according to an analysis by NASA. |
Snakes evolve a magnetic way to be resistant to venom Posted: 15 Jan 2021 06:13 AM PST Certain snakes have evolved a unique genetic trick to avoid being eaten by venomous snakes, according to new research. The technique works in a manner similar to the way two sides of a magnet repel each other. |
Changing resilience of oceans to climate change Posted: 15 Jan 2021 06:13 AM PST Oxygen levels in the ancient oceans were surprisingly resilient to climate change, new research suggests. |
Are partially protected areas the 'red herrings' of marine conservation? Posted: 15 Jan 2021 06:13 AM PST Partially protected marine areas create confusion and don't meet their broad conservation objectives, researchers have found. |
Climate change doesn't spare the insects Posted: 14 Jan 2021 03:06 PM PST Entomologists have seen a striking contraction of insect numbers and diversity. They are sharing new data suggesting that climate change is the culprit and they are coming up with a way to protect the survivors: a bioliteracy program that aims to educate Costa Rican residents about the diversity around them and empower them to conserve it. It's a model they hope catches on and spreads around the globe. |
Posted: 14 Jan 2021 03:06 PM PST When the Thomas Fire raged through Ventura and Santa Barbara counties in December 2017, an earth science researcher was stunned by its severity. Burning for more than a month and scorching 440 square miles, the fire was then considered the worst in California's history. |
Hard to crack research reveals how crop roots penetrate hard soils Posted: 14 Jan 2021 01:39 PM PST Scientists have discovered a signal that causes roots to stop growing in hard soils which can be 'switched off' to allow them to punch through compacted soil -- a discovery that could help plants to grow in even the most damaged soils. |
Accounting for the gaps in ancient food webs Posted: 14 Jan 2021 10:01 AM PST Studying ancient food webs can help scientists reconstruct communities of species, many long extinct, and even use those insights to figure out how modern-day communities might change in the future. There's just one problem: only some species left enough of a trace for scientists to find eons later, leaving large gaps in the fossil record -- and researchers' ability to piece together the food webs from the past. |
Scientists reduce uncertainty in forest carbon storage calculations Posted: 14 Jan 2021 08:19 AM PST Investors who bet on tropical forest conservation and reforestation to solve global warming by storing carbon in wood face huge uncertainties because the science behind predicting carbon stocks is still shaky. Even the best Earth Systems Models fail to predict how carbon stored by tropical forests varies from place to place. |
Concept for a hybrid-electric plane may reduce aviation's air pollution problem Posted: 14 Jan 2021 05:54 AM PST A proposed hybrid-electric plane could 'eliminate aviation's air pollution problem,' say engineers. The new design could reduce global nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by 95 percent, they report in a study. |
Study looks at how land acquisitions affect climate change Posted: 13 Jan 2021 10:24 AM PST Researchers looked at what drives large-scale land acquisitions and how the implementation of large-scale land acquisitions for agricultural development affect carbon emissions, and in turn, climate change. |
Asian butterfly mimics other species to defend against predators Posted: 13 Jan 2021 09:07 AM PST Many animal and insect species use Batesian mimicry -- mimicking a poisonous species -- as a defense against predators. The common palmfly Elymnias hypermnestra -- a species of satyrine butterfly that is found throughout wide areas of tropical and subtropical Asia -- adds a twist to this evolutionary strategy. |
Red and green snow algae increase snowmelt in the Antarctic Peninsula Posted: 13 Jan 2021 09:06 AM PST Red and green algae that grow on snow in the Antarctic Peninsula cause significant extra snowmelt on par with melt from dust on snow in the Rocky Mountains, according to a first-of-its-kind scientific research study. This could have serious impacts on regional climate, snow and ice melt, freshwater availability and ecosystems, yet is not accounted for in current global climate models. |
Blue-light stride in perovskite-based LEDs Posted: 13 Jan 2021 07:08 AM PST Researchers have developed efficient blue light-emitting diodes based on halide perovskites. The new LEDs may open the way to cheap and energy-efficient illumination. |
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