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ScienceDaily: Earth & Climate News |
| Cleaner air has boosted US corn and soybean yields Posted: 01 Jul 2021 04:52 PM PDT The analysis estimates pollution reductions between 1999 and 2019 contributed to about 20 percent of the increase in corn and soybean yield gains during that period - an amount worth about $5 billion per year. |
| Earth's cryosphere shrinking by 87,000 square kilometers per year Posted: 01 Jul 2021 04:52 PM PDT A new study reports the first global assessment of the extent of snow and ice cover on Earth's surface -- a critical factor cooling the planet through reflected sunlight -- and its response to warming temperatures. |
| Posted: 01 Jul 2021 04:52 PM PDT In a new issue of Science, devoted to the plastics problem, call for new approaches to plastics design, production and use, with the goal of keeping plastics out of landfills and waterways, reusing the valuable resources they represent indefinitely in a 'circular' plastics economy. |
| Imaging spectroscopy can predict water stress in wild blueberry fields Posted: 01 Jul 2021 12:09 PM PDT Imaging spectroscopy can help predict water stress in wild blueberry barrens, according to a new study. Researchers deployed a drone with a spectrometer to photograph wild blueberry fields, then process the images to measure reflected light spectra from plants for properties that would help them estimate water potential. Incorporating data from the images into models allowed them predict water stress in the fields. |
| Spatial patterns of gene transcripts captured across single cells of mouse embryo Posted: 01 Jul 2021 11:09 AM PDT A new technique called sci-Space, combined with data from other technologies, could lead to four-dimensional atlases of gene expression across diverse cells during embryonic development of mammals. Such atlases would map how the gene transcripts in individual cells reflect the passage of time, cell lineages, cell migration, and location on the developing embryo. They would also help illuminate the spatial regulation of gene expression. |
| Catalyzing the conversion of biomass to biofuel Posted: 01 Jul 2021 11:09 AM PDT Zeolites are extremely porous materials: Ten grams can have an internal surface area the size of a soccer field. Their cavities make them useful in catalyzing chemical reactions and thus saving energy. An international research team has now made new findings regarding the role of water molecules in these processes. One important application is the conversion of biomass into biofuel. |
| Better predicting how plants and animals will weather climate extremes Posted: 01 Jul 2021 10:49 AM PDT A team of scientists has devised a more accurate way to predict the effects of climate change on plants and animals -- and whether some will survive at all. |
| Reducing plastic waste will require fundamental change in culture Posted: 01 Jul 2021 10:49 AM PDT Plastic waste is considered one of the biggest environmental problems of our time. Researchers surveyed consumers in Germany about their use of plastic packaging. Their research reveals that fundamental changes in infrastructures and lifestyles, as well as cultural and economic transformation processes, are needed to make zero-waste shopping the norm. |
| Good food in a nice setting: Wild bees need diverse agricultural landscapes Posted: 01 Jul 2021 09:06 AM PDT Mass-flowering crops such as oilseed rape or faba bean provide valuable sources of food for bees, which, in turn, contribute to the pollination of both the crops and nearby wild plants. But not every arable crop that produces flowers is visited by the same bees. A team investigated how the habitat diversity of the agricultural landscape and the cultivation of different mass-flowering crops affect wild bees. |
| Last ice-covered parts of summertime Arctic Ocean vulnerable to climate change Posted: 01 Jul 2021 08:27 AM PDT Last August, sea ice north of Greenland showed its vulnerability to the long-term effects of climate change. The region, part of what's known as the 'Last Ice Area' that could serve as a refuge for ice-dependent species, may be ice-free in summertime sooner than expected. |
| Why are some fish warm-blooded? Predatory sharks gain speed advantage, study finds Posted: 01 Jul 2021 08:27 AM PDT New research from marine biologists offers answers to a fundamental puzzle that had until now remained unsolved: why are some fish warm-blooded when most are not? It turns out that while (warm-blooded) fish able to regulate their own body temperatures can swim faster, they do not live in waters spanning a broader range of temperatures. |
| Global climate dynamics drove the decline of mastodonts and elephants, new study suggests Posted: 01 Jul 2021 08:26 AM PDT Elephants and their forebears were pushed into wipeout by waves of extreme global environmental change, rather than overhunting by early humans, according to new research. |
| Instant water cleaning method 'millions of times' better than commercial approach Posted: 01 Jul 2021 08:26 AM PDT A water disinfectant created on the spot using just hydrogen and the air around us is millions of times more effective at killing viruses and bacteria than traditional commercial methods, according to scientists. |
| Underwater seismometer can hear how fast a glacier moves Posted: 01 Jul 2021 08:26 AM PDT Scientists show that an ocean-bottom seismometer deployed close to the calving front of a glacier in Greenland can detect continuous seismic radiation from a glacier sliding, reminiscent of a slow earthquake. |
| Conservation concern as alien aphid detected on Kangaroo Island Posted: 01 Jul 2021 08:26 AM PDT An invasive species of aphid could put some threatened plant species on Kangaroo Island at risk. Researchers confirm Australia's first sighting of the aphid on the island's Dudley Peninsula. |
| Dolichomitus meii wasp discovered in Amazonia is like a flying jewel Posted: 01 Jul 2021 08:26 AM PDT Parasitoid wasps are one of the most species rich animal taxa on Earth, but their tropical diversity is still poorly known. Now, scientist have discovered the Dolichomitus meii and Polysphincta parasitoid wasp species previously unknown to science in South America. The new species found in the rainforests entice with their colors and exciting habits. |
| Eruption of the Laacher See volcano redated Posted: 01 Jul 2021 08:26 AM PDT The eruption of the Laacher See volcano in the Eifel in Germany is one of Central Europe's largest eruptions over the past 100,000 years. Technical advances in combination with tree remains buried in the course of the eruption now enabled an international research team to accurately date the event. Accordingly, the eruption of the Laacher See volcano occurred 13,077 years ago and thus 126 years earlier than previously assumed. |
| Prehistoric homes would have failed modern air quality tests Posted: 30 Jun 2021 08:54 AM PDT Domestic burning of wood and dung fuels in Neolithic homes would have exceeded modern internationally agreed standards for indoor air quality, exposing inhabitants to unsafe levels of particulates, research has shown. |
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