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ScienceDaily: Earth & Climate News |
| Muddied waters: Sinking organics alter seafloor records Posted: 20 Jul 2021 03:58 PM PDT The remains of microscopic plankton blooms in near-shore ocean environments slowly sink to the seafloor, setting off processes that forever alter an important record of Earth's history, according to research from geoscientists. |
| COVID-19 shutdowns reveal racial disparities in exposure to air pollution Posted: 20 Jul 2021 01:08 PM PDT A new study of COVID-19 shutdowns in the United States reveals pronounced disparities in air pollution -- with disenfranchised, minority neighborhoods still experiencing more exposure to a harmful air pollutant compared to wealthier, white communities. |
| New evidence of menopause in killer whales Posted: 20 Jul 2021 12:12 PM PDT Scientists have found new evidence of menopause in killer whales - raising fascinating questions about how and why it evolved. |
| Microbes play critical role boosting vigor of hybrid corn, research shows Posted: 20 Jul 2021 12:08 PM PDT A news study shows soil microbes boost 'hybrid vigor,' a well-known phenomenon where crosses between inbred lines of corn and other crops produce offspring that outperform their parents in yield, drought resistance and other desirable qualities. |
| Using snakes to monitor Fukushima radiation Posted: 20 Jul 2021 12:07 PM PDT Ten years after one of the largest nuclear accidents in history spewed radioactive contamination over the landscape in Fukushima, Japan, a new study has shown that radioactive contamination in the Fukushima Exclusion Zone can be measured through its resident snakes. |
| DNA assay aids in identifying and protecting North American wolves, coyotes Posted: 20 Jul 2021 10:52 AM PDT Forensics specialists can use a commercial assay targeting mitochondrial DNA to accurately discriminate between wolf, coyote and dog species. The genetic information could aid authorities in prosecuting hunting jurisdiction violations and preserving protected species. |
| Posted: 20 Jul 2021 09:23 AM PDT To better understand how familiarity impacts social fishes, a group of research scientists studied this idea using schooling coral reef fish. |
| The environmental toll of disposable masks Posted: 20 Jul 2021 09:23 AM PDT The high monetary cost and environmental toll of disposable N95 masks could be dramatically cut by adopting reusable masks, according to a new study that calculated the financial and environmental cost of several different mask usage scenarios. |
| Enzyme-based plastics recycling is more energy efficient, better for environment, researchers show Posted: 20 Jul 2021 09:23 AM PDT BOTTLE Consortium effort develops model that finds sizeable energy and carbon-saving benefits for recycling PET, a common plastic used in bottles, clothing, carpet. |
| Machine learning models to help photovoltaic systems find their place in the sun Posted: 20 Jul 2021 09:23 AM PDT Scientists develop algorithms that predict the output of solar cells, easing their integration into existing power grids. |
| Review evaluates the evidence for an intensifying Indian Ocean water cycle Posted: 20 Jul 2021 09:05 AM PDT The Indian Ocean has been warming much more than other ocean basins over the last 50-60 years. While temperature changes basin-wide can be unequivocally attributed to human-induced climate change, it is difficult to assess whether contemporary heat and freshwater changes in the Indian Ocean since 1980 represent an anthropogenically-forced transformation of the hydrological cycle. What complicates the assessment is factoring in natural variations, regional-scale trends, a short observational record, climate model uncertainties, and the ocean basin's complex circulation. |
| Renewable energies: No wind turbine disturbing the scenery Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:44 AM PDT In the Alpine foothills, in low mountain ranges, or on the seacoast, expansion of wind energy use often meets popular resistance. Researchers have now studied what this means for the energy transition. |
| Solar cells: Boosting photovoltaic effect in ferroelectric-paraelectric superlattices Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:44 AM PDT The photovoltaic effect of ferroelectric crystals can be increased by a factor of 1,000 if three different materials are arranged periodically in a lattice. Researchers achieved this by creating crystalline layers of barium titanate, strontium titanate and calcium titanate which they alternately placed on top of one another. These findings could significantly increase the efficiency of solar cells. |
| No excuse to continue reliance on fossil fuels, says leading nano-technologist Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:44 AM PDT One of the leading thinkers in nano-science has called on the energy materials community to help finally put an end to the world's reliance on fossil fuels. |
| Rapidly diversifying birds in Southeast Asia offer new insights into evolution Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:44 AM PDT New findings from zoologists working with birds in Southeast Asia are shining fresh light on the connections between animal behaviour, geology, and evolution - underlining that species can diversify surprisingly quickly under certain conditions. Sulawesi Babblers (Pellorneum celebense), shy birds that live in the undergrowth on Indonesian islands, have begun to diverge quite significantly despite being separated geographically for mere tens of thousands of years. |
| Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:44 AM PDT Despite the best efforts of industry to work towards sustainability, most plastics (or polymers) are still made using non-renewable fossil fuels. However, researchers have now found an economical method for producing biobased acrylate resins. The study shows how all the synthesis steps, from initial building blocks right up to polymerization, can be carried out in a single reactor (one pot), minimizing environmental impact. |
| Young forests are preferred summer vacation destinations for bats Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:44 AM PDT A number of bat species native to the Northeast are highly active in newly created forest spaces, foraging for food at higher rates than is typical of mature forests. |
| Climate change threatens food security of many countries dependent on fish Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:44 AM PDT Analyses by an international team from the UK and Canada and led by scientists reveal that climate change is the most pervasive threat to the supply of essential micronutrients from marine fish catches, and threatens the supply of vital micronutrients from fisheries in 40 per cent of countries. |
| Biodiversity, climate change and the fate of coral reefs Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:43 AM PDT An international group of researchers representing thousands of coral scientists across the globe is issuing recommendations for new commitments and actions by the world's policymakers to protect and restore coral reefs. |
| Earth's magnetosphere: The origin of bifurcated current sheets explained Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:43 AM PDT A research team has identified the origin of bifurcated current sheets, considered one of the most unsolved mysteries in the Earth's magnetosphere and in magnetized plasma physics. |
| A machine learning breakthrough: using satellite images to improve human lives Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:43 AM PDT New machine learning technology has devised a machine learning system to tap the problem-solving potential of satellite imaging. The low-cost, easy-to-use technology could bring satellite image access and analytical power to researchers and governments worldwide. |
| Removal of barred owls slows decline of iconic spotted owls in Pacific Northwest Posted: 20 Jul 2021 08:43 AM PDT A 17-year study in Oregon, Washington and California found that removal of invasive barred owls arrested the population decline of the northern spotted owl, a native species threatened by invading barred owls and the loss of old-forest habitats. |
| The climate impact of wild pigs greater than a million cars, study finds Posted: 19 Jul 2021 12:35 PM PDT By uprooting carbon trapped in soil, wild pigs are releasing around 4.9 million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide annually across the globe, the equivalent of 1.1 million cars, according to new research. |
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