ScienceDaily: Earth & Climate News |
| Researchers discover source of super-fast electron 'rain' Posted: 29 Mar 2022 04:17 PM PDT Scientists have discovered a new source of super-fast, energetic electrons raining down on Earth's atmosphere, a phenomenon that contributes to the colorful aurora borealis and poses hazards to satellites, spacecraft and astronauts. |
| Drought alters Mammoth Mountain’s carbon dioxide emissions Posted: 29 Mar 2022 03:54 PM PDT A study suggests the weight of snow and ice atop the Sierra Nevada affects a California volcano's carbon dioxide emissions, one of the main signs of volcanic unrest. |
| Posted: 29 Mar 2022 11:25 AM PDT Researchers presented the results of efforts to perform global full waveform inversions of the Earth using the Frontera supercomputer. They used data from 300 earthquakes to construct the new global full wave inversion models that include attenuation and azimuthal anisotropy and approach continental-scale resolution. The researchers also recently released a visualization toolbox for large seismic model files and are building a platform for seismic analysis. |
| New software to help discover valuable compounds Posted: 29 Mar 2022 11:25 AM PDT Because the comparative metabolomics field lacks sophisticated data analysis tools that are available to genomics and proteomics researchers, metabolomics researchers spend a lot of time hunting for candidate compounds that could be useful as leads for the development of new pharmaceuticals or agrochemicals. To solve this problem, scientists have developed Metaboseek, a free, easy-to-use app that integrates multiple data analysis features for the metabolomics community. |
| Describing the devastating eruption in Tonga Posted: 29 Mar 2022 11:25 AM PDT On January 15, the volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai devastated the nation of Tonga. The eruption triggered tsunamis as far afield as the Caribbean and generated atmospheric waves that travelled around the globe several times. Meanwhile, the volcano's plume shot gas and ash through the stratosphere into the lower mesosphere. |
| Plastic bag bans may unintentionally drive other bag sales Posted: 29 Mar 2022 11:23 AM PDT When cities or counties institute plastic bag bans or fees, the idea is to reduce the amount of plastic headed to the landfill. But a new analysis finds these policies, while created with good intentions, may cause more plastic bags to be purchased in the communities where they are in place. |
| Nature-based carbon removal can help protect us from a warming planet Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:47 AM PDT A new study finds that temporary nature-based carbon removal can lower global peak warming levels but only if complemented by ambitious fossil fuel emission reductions. |
| Scientists achieve record efficiency for ultra-thin solar panels Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:47 AM PDT A team has successfully increased the levels of energy absorbed by wafer-thin photovoltaic panels by 25%. Their solar panels, just one micrometer thick, convert light into electricity more efficiently than others as thin and pave the way to make it easier to general more clean, green energy. |
| Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:47 AM PDT According to the latest assessment report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a considerable reduction in CO2 emissions is required to limit the consequences of climate change. Producing fuel from renewable sources such as waste wood and straw or renewable electricity would be one way to reduce carbon emissions from the area of transportation. |
| Dried avocado meal, a novel fiber source to be added to commercial dog food Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:47 AM PDT Thanks to avocados' rise to superfood stardom, there are now more avocado-derived products in the supply chain than ever. In a unique study, researchers looked at the possibility of using avocado meal -- the ground, dried, and defatted pulp, seed, and skin left over after avocado oil processing -- as a fiber source in dry dog food. |
| New approach needed for forecasting corrosion within bridges, concrete structures Posted: 29 Mar 2022 08:46 AM PDT Researchers advocate for a paradigm change in the science of forecasting corrosion damage within reinforced concrete structures. They discuss the severe flaws in using the chloride threshold concept for forecasting corrosion and say change is needed to address the growing challenges of aging structures losing functionality and potentially collapsing, greenhouse gas emissions, and the economy at large. To achieve this, a multiscale, multidisciplinary approach combining scientific and practical contributions from materials science, corrosion science, cement/concrete research, and structural engineering is needed. |
| Heat storage: Scientists develop material that is stable, efficient and eco-friendly Posted: 29 Mar 2022 07:00 AM PDT A new heat storage material could help to significantly improve the energy efficiency of buildings. It can be used to store surplus heat and release it back into the environment when needed. Unlike existing materials, the new one can absorb significantly more heat, is more stable, and is made of harmless substances. |
| Residual water from the food industry gives seaweed cultivation a boost Posted: 29 Mar 2022 07:00 AM PDT Process water from the food industry is an excellent fertilizer in land-based seaweed cultivation. Not only does the seaweed grow faster; its protein content also multiplies. In this way, process water can go from being a cost to becoming a resource in the food industry. |
| New estimation strategy improves soil carbon sampling in agricultural fields Posted: 29 Mar 2022 07:00 AM PDT Researchers have evaluated strategies for efficiently estimating soil organic carbon in agricultural fields. Quantifying soil organic carbon stocks in agricultural fields is essential for developing sustainable management practices and monitoring. The research team found that in a typical Midwestern agricultural field, public soil surveys and satellite imagery can be leveraged to efficiently select sample locations. This may reduce the number of samples needed to achieve a given precision (compared to random sampling). |
| Improving asphalt road pavement using engineered nano mineral composites Posted: 29 Mar 2022 06:07 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new, greener nano asphalt binder that produces a new type of asphalt which uses less energy and produces less vapor and fewer greenhouse gas emissions. |
| Solid aerosols found in Arctic atmosphere could impact cloud formation and climate Posted: 28 Mar 2022 01:53 PM PDT Solid aerosols can change how clouds form in the Arctic. And, as the Arctic loses ice, researchers expect to see more of these unique particles formed from oceanic emissions combined with ammonia from birds, which will impact cloud formation and climate. Additionally, understanding the characteristics of aerosols in the atmosphere is critical for improving the ability of climate models to predict current and future climate in the Arctic and beyond. |
| Caribou herd rebounds as Indigenous stewards lead conservation efforts Posted: 28 Mar 2022 01:06 PM PDT Despite recovery efforts from federal and provincial governments, caribou populations across Canada continue to decline, largely due to human activity. But as a new study finds, in central British Columbia there is one herd of mountain caribou, the Klinse-Za, whose numbers are going in the opposite direction -- all thanks to a collaborative recovery effort led by West Moberly First Nations and Saulteau First Nations. |
| Hundreds of new mammal species waiting to be found, study says Posted: 28 Mar 2022 12:05 PM PDT At least hundreds of so-far unidentified species of mammals are hiding in plain sight around the world, a new study suggests. Researchers found that most of these hidden mammals are small bodied, many of them bats, rodents, shrews, and moles. |
| Citizen science data are crucial to understand wildlife roadkill, demonstrates a study in Flanders Posted: 28 Mar 2022 10:37 AM PDT Researchers in Flanders (Belgium) analyzed roadkill records from the last decade in the region, using data provided by citizen scientists. Their study looks at the fate of 17 mammal species on the roads of Flanders. In the last decade, roadkill incidents there have diminished, but the exact reason is hard to pin down. The recorded observations, the scientists warn, 'are only the tip of the iceberg'. |
| Ancient helium leaking from core offers clues to Earth's formation Posted: 28 Mar 2022 10:36 AM PDT Helium-3, a rare isotope of helium gas, is leaking out of Earth's core, a new study reports. Because almost all helium-3 is from the Big Bang, the gas leak adds evidence that Earth formed inside a solar nebula, which has long been debated. |
| Solar energy explains fast yearly retreat of Antarctica's sea ice Posted: 28 Mar 2022 08:23 AM PDT Sea ice around Antarctica retreats more quickly than it advances, an asymmetry that has been a puzzle. New analysis shows that the Southern Hemisphere is following simple rules of physics, as peak midsummer sun causes rapid changes. In this respect, it seems, it's Arctic sea ice that is more mysterious. |
| Chaos theory provides hints for controlling the weather Posted: 28 Mar 2022 07:13 AM PDT Researchers have used computer simulations to show that weather phenomena such as sudden downpours could potentially be modified by making small adjustments to certain variables in the weather system. They did this by taking advantage of a system known as a 'butterfly attractor' in chaos theory, where a system can have one of two states -- like the wings of a butterfly -- and that it switches back and forth between the two states depending on small changes in certain conditions. |
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