ScienceDaily: Earth & Climate News


Model pinpoints glaciers at risk of collapse due to climate change

Posted: 28 Apr 2022 09:54 AM PDT

Glaciologists focus on what happens at the front of glaciers that terminate in the ocean as the key to whether a glacier will speed up or slow down. Yet with global warming, meltwater is becoming increasingly important, seeping underneath and lubricating flow. A statistician included this effect in glacier flow models, concluding that the thickest and fastest moving glaciers will respond most rapidly to basal lubrication and are most vulnerable to sudden collapse.

Accurately monitoring subsurface carbon dioxide storage

Posted: 28 Apr 2022 09:53 AM PDT

Capturing and storing carbon dioxide (CO2) deep underground can help combat climate change, but long-term monitoring of the stored CO2 within a geological storage site is difficult using current physics-based methods.

Space-based system using GPS satellites could warn of incoming tsunamis

Posted: 28 Apr 2022 07:40 AM PDT

A new method for detecting tsunamis using existing GPS satellites orbiting Earth could serve as an effective warning system for countries worldwide, according to a new study.

How to balance economic development goals with environmental conservation

Posted: 28 Apr 2022 07:39 AM PDT

An international study gives fast-growing nations a simple, inexpensive guide to inform planning and decision-making to help balance economic development goals with environmental conservation and human well-being.

Giant marine reptiles at 2,800 meters above sea level

Posted: 28 Apr 2022 05:58 AM PDT

More than 30 years ago, researchers discovered vertebrae, ribs and a tooth in the High Alps of eastern Switzerland. The typical shape indicated that they had to originate from large marine reptiles known as ichthyosaurs, but there was a lack of corresponding comparative material. A new study has now allowed a more precise classification. According to the findings, they belong to three different ichthyosaurs of around 15 to around 20 meters in length. The tooth is particularly unusual: With a root diameter of six centimeters, it is twice as large as the largest aquatic dinosaur tooth found to date.

Bird populations in eastern Canada declining due to forest 'degradation,' research shows

Posted: 28 Apr 2022 05:58 AM PDT

Bird species that live in wooded areas are under stress from human-caused changes to forest composition, according to new research that quantifies the effects of forest 'degradation' on bird habitat.

Climate change could spark the next pandemic, new study finds

Posted: 28 Apr 2022 05:58 AM PDT

As Earth's climate continues to warm, researchers predict wild animals will be forced to relocate their habitats -- likely to regions with large human populations -- dramatically increasing the risk of a viral jump to humans that could lead to the next pandemic.

Earth's atmosphere may be source of some lunar water

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 06:13 PM PDT

Hydrogen and oxygen ions escaping from Earth's upper atmosphere and combining on the moon could be one of the sources of the known lunar water and ice, according to new research.

Before Stonehenge monuments, hunter-gatherers made use of open habitats

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 11:06 AM PDT

Hunter-gatherers made use of open woodland conditions in the millennia before Stonehenge monuments were built, according to a new study.

Remote Ireland community survived a millennium of environmental change

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 11:06 AM PDT

A remote community in Ireland was adaptable enough to persist through a millennium of environmental change, according to a new study.

Nanoplastic particles love company: Researchers analyze polyethylene degradation in environment

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 09:42 AM PDT

Polyethylene accounts for nearly one-third of the world's plastic waste. An interdisciplinary team has now investigated the progressive degradation of polyethylene in the environment for the first time. Although the degradation process leads to fragmentation into ever smaller particles, isolated nanoplastic particles are rarely found in the environment. The reason is that such decay products do not like to remain on their own, but rather attach rapidly to larger colloidal systems that occur naturally in the environment.

Monitoring and evaluation of climate adaptation conservation initiatives

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:57 AM PDT

A new study offers pathways to improve monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of climate-informed conservation while revealing how practitioners are currently monitoring conservation adaptation projects.

Plastic-eating enzyme could eliminate billions of tons of landfill waste

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:57 AM PDT

An enzyme variant created by engineers and scientists can break down environment-throttling plastics that typically take centuries to degrade in just a matter of hours to days.

UK wildlife watchers welcome 'ecological refugees'

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:05 AM PDT

Wildlife watchers generally welcome species that have arrived in the UK due to climate change, new research suggests.

Green technology breakthrough: Hematite photocatalyst using sunlight energy simultaneously produces hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:05 AM PDT

Hydrogen production using sunlight energy (solar-water splitting) has gained much attention in the quest to move towards carbon-neutral technologies. If chemical products with applications in the health and food industries could be produced at the same time as hydrogen, this would help reduce the cost of solar-water splitting, as well as increasing the technology's range of applications.

Threatened South American coati found roaming in a large city

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:05 AM PDT

The South American coati is a medium-sized mammal with a wide distribution in South America. Despite this, it is endangered in southern Brazil, primarily because of the loss of forest habitats. Researchers recorded an individual at the Canoas Airbase, one of the last remaining green spaces in a densely urbanized area of a large city in southern Brazil.

News from the climate history of the Dead Sea

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:04 AM PDT

The lake level of the Dead Sea is currently dropping by more than one meter every year -- mainly because of the heavy water consumption in the catchment area. However, very strong lake level drops due to climate changes are also known from earlier times. At the end of the last ice age, for example, the water level dropped by almost 250 meters within a few millennia.

Lignin-based jet fuel packs more power for less pollution

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:04 AM PDT

An experimental plant-based jet fuel could increase engine performance and efficiency, while dispensing with aromatics, the pollution-causing compounds added to conventional fuels, according to new research.

Six new species of tiny frog discovered in Mexico

Posted: 26 Apr 2022 07:18 AM PDT

Scientists have discovered six new species of frog the size of a thumbnail in the forests of Mexico, with one earning the distinction of Mexico's smallest frog.