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Risks vary widely in drone-human impacts Posted: 19 Sep 2017 01:03 PM PDT New research suggests there's wide variation in the risk that unmanned aircraft pose to people on the ground. |
Gulf Spill oil dispersants associated with health symptoms in cleanup workers Posted: 19 Sep 2017 01:03 PM PDT Workers who were likely exposed to dispersants while cleaning up the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill experienced a range of health symptoms including cough and wheeze, and skin and eye irritation. |
Tiny lasers from a gallery of whispers Posted: 19 Sep 2017 01:03 PM PDT Whispering gallery mode resonators rely on a phenomenon similar to an effect observed in circular galleries, and the same phenomenon applies to light. When light is stored in ring-shaped or spherical active resonators, the waves superimpose in such a way that it can result in laser light. Investigators now report a new type of dye-doped WGM micro-laser that produces light with tunable wavelengths. |
Security cameras vulnerable to attacks using infrared light Posted: 19 Sep 2017 01:02 PM PDT Researchers have demonstrated that security cameras infected with malware can receive covert signals and leak sensitive information from the very same surveillance devices used to protect facilities. |
Emerging disease further jeopardizes North American frogs Posted: 19 Sep 2017 01:02 PM PDT A deadly amphibian disease called severe Perkinsea infections, or SPI, is the cause of many large-scale frog die-offs in the United States, according to a new study. |
End-of-summer Arctic sea ice extent is eighth lowest on record Posted: 19 Sep 2017 01:01 PM PDT Arctic sea ice appeared to have reached its yearly lowest extent on Sept. 13, scientists have reported. Analysis of satellite data showed that at 1.79 million square miles (4.64 million square kilometers), this year's Arctic sea ice minimum extent is the eighth lowest in the consistent long-term satellite record, which began in 1978. |
Home blood pressure monitoring for hypertension best combined with intensive support Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT People who monitor their own blood pressure at home are most likely to see a benefit if they combine it with individually tailored intensive support, according to a new systematic literature review and meta-analysis. |
Screening for cervical abnormalities in women offered HPV vaccination Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing detects a higher number of precancerous cervical lesions than cytology-based Pap smears in a female population including a proportion offered HPV vaccination, according to a new study. |
What web browsers and proteins have in common Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT The discovery of a previously overlooked site on protein molecules may solve a mystery about how proteins are able to carry out specialized functions in living cells. |
Groundbreaking investigative effort identifies gonorrhea vaccine candidates Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT Researchers have identified a pair of proteins that show promise as the basis for a gonorrhea vaccine. |
Management studies: Dishonesty shift Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT Lying comes more easily to people in teams: Behavioral scientists have shown in an experimental study why groups are more likely to behave unethically than individuals. |
A study switches from genetic to metabolic analysis to reconstitute evolutionary process Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT A new method for analyzing a living being chemical compositions is tested in Andean plants and attest the genesis of species by means of geographic isolation. Scientists analyzed chemical compounds which express specific biogeographic trends in the evolutionary process, validating a Smithsonian hypothesis on the evolution of the genus Espeletia in the process. |
Wikipedia used to give AI context clues Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT A team of computer scientists is teaching artificial intelligence agents how to interact with the world in a way that makes sense. |
North Atlantic right whales decline confirmed: 458 remaining Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT Marine biologists have developed a new model to improve estimates of abundance and population trends of endangered North Atlantic right whales, which have declined in numbers and productivity in recent years. Between 1990 and 2010 abundance increased to 482 animals, but since 2010 the numbers have declined to 458 in 2015, with 14 known deaths this year. |
Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT Sleep deprivation - typically administered in controlled, inpatient settings - rapidly reduces symptoms of depression in roughly half of depression patients, according the first meta-analysis on the subject in nearly 30 years. |
Brain powered: Increased physical activity among breast cancer survivors boosts cognition Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT It is estimated that up to 75 percent of breast cancer survivors experience problems with cognitive difficulties following treatments, perhaps lasting years. Currently, few science-based options are available to help. Researchers report in a pilot study of 87 female breast cancer survivors an increase in physical activity more than doubled the women's post-treatment mental processing speed. |
Proteins' role in development of spinal sensory cells redefined Posted: 19 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT A recent study has overturned a common belief about how a certain class of proteins in the spinal cord regulate the formation of nervous system cells -- called neurons -- during embryonic development. |
Mercury's poles may be icier than scientists thought Posted: 19 Sep 2017 09:31 AM PDT A new study identifies three large surface ice deposits near Mercury's north pole, and suggests there could be many additional small-scale deposits that would dramatically increase the planet's surface ice inventory. |
Advanced lithium-ion and metal-air batteries Posted: 19 Sep 2017 09:31 AM PDT Engineers are developing energy storage technologies that are cheaper, safer and more efficient. |
Winner takes all: Success enhances taste for luxury goods, study suggests Posted: 19 Sep 2017 09:31 AM PDT Footballers in flashy cars, City workers in Armani suits, reality TV celebrities sipping expensive champagne while sitting in hot tubs: what drives people to purchase luxury goods? New research suggests that it may be a sense of being a 'winner' -- but that contrary to expectations, it is not driven by testosterone. |
One-way track for microwaves based on mechanical interference Posted: 19 Sep 2017 09:31 AM PDT Researchers use interference in the motion of a micrometer-size drum to route microwave signals in a single direction. |
How to remove a tick and prevent future bites Posted: 19 Sep 2017 08:12 AM PDT As tick populations grow and spread across the country, their prevalence is increasing the public’s risk for some troubling diseases. Of these diseases, say dermatologists, Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Powassan virus and alpha-gal syndrome —- a mysterious red meat allergy -— are among the most serious. |
Rogue wave analysis supports investigation of the El Faro sinking Posted: 19 Sep 2017 08:12 AM PDT A new analysis done to support the investigation into the 2015 sinking of the El Faro cargo ship has calculated the likelihood of a massive rogue wave during Hurricane Joaquin in October of that year – and demonstrated a new technique for evaluating the probability of rogue waves over space and time. |
Getting emotional after failure helps you improve next time, study finds Posted: 19 Sep 2017 08:12 AM PDT Emotional responses to failure rather than cognitive ones are more effective at improving people's results for the next time they tackle the next related task, new research indicates. |
Fluorescence microscopy on a chip: no lenses required Posted: 19 Sep 2017 08:11 AM PDT Fluorescence microscopy gives researchers incredible power to illuminate the tiniest structures and capture the real-time activities of live cells by tagging biological molecules with a veritable rainbow of fluorescent dyes. This power comes at a cost: The technology can be expensive and time-consuming and, so far, has resisted attempts at automation. |
Antibiotics following C-section among obese women reduces risk of surgical infection Posted: 19 Sep 2017 08:06 AM PDT Among obese women undergoing cesarean delivery, a postoperative 48-hour course of antibiotics significantly decreased the rate of surgical site infection within 30 days after delivery, according to a study. |
Contribution of opioid-related deaths to the change in life expectancy in the US Posted: 19 Sep 2017 08:06 AM PDT Between 2000 and 2015 in the US, life expectancy increased overall but drug-poisoning deaths, mostly related to opioids, contributed to reducing life expectancy, according to a study. |
How the shape and size of your face relates to your sexuality Posted: 19 Sep 2017 08:06 AM PDT Men and women with shorter, wider faces tend to be more sexually motivated and to have a stronger sex drive than those with faces of other dimensions. The research investigates the role that facial features play in sexual relationships and mate selection. |
Key regulator of male fertility identifed Posted: 19 Sep 2017 08:06 AM PDT When it comes to male reproductive fertility, timing is everything. Now scientists are finding new details on how disruption of this timing may contribute to male infertility or congenital illness. Researchers are identifying the key molecular and genetic switch that activates production of healthy male sperm -- but only when the time is right. |
Nonlinear physics bridges thoughts to sounds in birdsong Posted: 19 Sep 2017 08:05 AM PDT The beautiful sound of birdsongs emerging from the trees is a wonderful example of how much nature can still teach us, even as much about their origins are still mysterious to us. About 40 percent of bird species learn to vocalize when they are exposed to a tutor, a behavior of interest to many neurologists and neurobiologists. The other 60 percent can vocalize instinctually in isolation. The variety across species, and the relationship between the nervous system and biomechanics makes birdsong production a complex process to unravel and understand. |
Cell-based therapy success could be boosted by new antioxidant Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:52 AM PDT Cell therapies being developed to treat a range of conditions could be improved by a chemical compound that aids their survival, research suggests. Lab tests found that the human-made molecule -- a type of antioxidant -- helps to shield healthy cells from damage such as would be caused when they are transplanted into a patient during cell therapy. |
New hosts for Chagas disease vectors identified Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:26 AM PDT Solitary weasel-like animals called tayra might look pretty harmless, but some may actually be incubators for a parasite that causes Chagas disease, a chronic, debilitating condition that is spread by insects called kissing bugs and affects more than 8 million people worldwide. |
Cost effective quantum moves a step closer Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:26 AM PDT Researchers have taken an important step towards enabling quantum networks to be cost-effective and truly secure from attack. The experiments prove the viability of a measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD) system, based on readily available hardware. |
Playing American football before age 12 could have long-term health effects Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:25 AM PDT Playing American football before the age of 12 may have long-term consequences for players' mood and behavior, according to a study involving 214 professional and amateur football players. |
Exposure to pet and pest allergens during infancy linked to reduced asthma risk Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:25 AM PDT Children exposed to high indoor levels of pet or pest allergens during infancy have a lower risk of developing asthma by 7 years of age, new research reveals. The findings may provide clues for the design of strategies to prevent asthma from developing. |
A dream of foam: better concrete, beer froth and ice cream Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:25 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a new method to design stable foams. Their findings could make beer froth and ice cream last longer -- and revolutionize construction materials such as concrete. |
Novel strategy for chirality controlled synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:25 AM PDT Researchers have developed a novel strategy for controlling chirality of single-walled carbon nanotubes. |
An interconnection between the nervous and immune system Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:25 AM PDT Researchers have shown that the increased incidence of infections seen in spinal cord injury patients is directly linked to a disruption of the normal central nervous system. |
A piece of the puzzle: Eight autism-related mutations in one gene Posted: 19 Sep 2017 07:25 AM PDT Researchers discover a large number of clustered mutations in a single gene, TRIO, that disrupt the development of the brain's connections and likely contribute to the development of autism-spectrum disorders. The scientists also find that a sister gene linked to schizophrenia, KALRN, is inactive in early brain development, but becomes active in adolescence. |
Guidelines for handling CAR T cell side effects Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:28 AM PDT Immune-cell based therapies opening a new frontier for cancer treatment carry unique, potentially lethal side effects that provide a new challenge for oncologists, one addressed by proposed guidelines for systematically dealing with the toxicities of these drugs. |
Cell model of the brain provides new knowledge on developmental disease Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:26 AM PDT By reprogramming skin cells into nerve cells, researchers are creating cell models of the human brain. In a new study, the researchers describe how cells from patients with the severe developmental disease lissencephaly differ from healthy cells. The method can provide vital new knowledge on difficult-to-study congenital diseases. |
Size matters in the detection of exoplanet atmospheres Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:26 AM PDT A group-analysis of 30 exoplanets orbiting distant stars suggests that size, not mass, is a key factor in whether a planet’s atmosphere can be detected. The largest population-study of exoplanets to date successfully detected atmospheres around 16 ‘hot Jupiters’, and found that water vapor was present in every case. |
What do we need to know to mine an asteroid? Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:26 AM PDT The mining of resources contained in asteroids, for use as propellant, building materials or in life-support systems, has the potential to revolutionise exploration of our Solar System. To make this concept a reality, we need to increase our knowledge of the very diverse population of accessible Near Earth Asteroids (NEA). |
Nanosat fleet proposed for voyage to 300 asteroids Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:26 AM PDT A fleet of tiny spacecraft could visit over 300 asteroids in just over three years, according to a mission study. The Asteroid Touring Nanosat Fleet concept comprises 50 spacecraft propelled by innovative electric solar wind sails (E-sails) and equipped with instruments to take images and collect spectroscopic data on the composition of the asteroids. Each nanosat would visit six or seven asteroids before returning to Earth to deliver the data. |
Molecular motors: Slowing the clockwork Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:26 AM PDT Progress on the way to smart nanomachines: Chemists have modified the synthesis of a molecular motor so as to reduce the speed of its light-driven rotation, thus permitting the researchers to analyze the mechanism of motion in complete detail. |
Local epileptic seizure shows long distance interaction Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:26 AM PDT An epileptic seizure may be highly local, but it also influences brain activity at a distance of over ten centimeters from the core. This, in turn, affects the active area, scientists report. |
New treatment for osteoporosis provides better protection against fractures Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:24 AM PDT A new treatment for osteoporosis provides major improvements in bone density and more effective protection against fractures than the current standard treatment. This study is the first that compares the effect of two osteoporosis medicines on fractures. |
Nanocapsules enable cell-inspired metabolic reactions Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:24 AM PDT Researchers have succeeded in developing capsules capable of producing the bio-molecule glucose-6-phosphate that plays an important role in metabolic processes. The researchers were able to produce the metabolite in conditions very similar to the biochemical reaction inside natural cells. |
Ricin only lethal in combination with sugar Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:23 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a means of immunizing cells against the biological weapon ricin, which, they report, is only lethal when combined with sugar. |
'Language of stem cells' discovered Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:23 AM PDT Stem cells control the cells around them, inducing them to perform specific functions. This phenomenon of the "language of stem cells", which has now been discovered for the very first time, report investigators. |
How eyes get clogged in glaucoma and how to free them Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:15 AM PDT Biologists have found an explanation for the increase in intraocular pressure in glaucoma and a promising therapeutic option to rejuvenate the eye. |
Supercontinuum lasers can lead to better bread and beer Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:10 AM PDT Researchers have analyzed whole grains with long near-infrared wavelengths using a new type of light source, the supercontinuum laser. The research has significance for our knowledge of food ingredients and may, for example, eventually lead to better quality of bread and beer. |
Graphene and other carbon nanomaterials can replace scarce metals Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:10 AM PDT Scarce metals are found in a wide range of everyday objects around us. They are complicated to extract, difficult to recycle and so rare that several of them have become "conflict minerals" which can promote conflicts and oppression. New research shows that there are potential technology-based solutions that can replace many of the metals with carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene. |
Overcoming the brain's fortress-like barrier Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:10 AM PDT Scientists have helped provide a way to better understand how to enable drugs to enter the brain and how cancer cells make it past the blood brain barrier. |
Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:10 AM PDT The US birth rate hasn't changed for two generations of teenage girls, but other aspects of young parenthood are shifting, especially regarding young fathers. |
The brain at work: Spotting half-hidden objects Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:10 AM PDT The human and non-human primate brain is remarkable in recognizing partially hidden objects. A study, conducted during a shape recognition task, shows as more of the shape is hidden, a brain area involved in cognition starts to sends signals to the visual cortex. The findings make the scientists wonder if this communication between different brain areas might be impaired in people with autism or Alzheimer's. Both conditions can cause confusion in cluttered surroundings and problems recognizing objects. |
Students' self-concepts of ability in math, reading predict later math, reading attainment Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:10 AM PDT A new longitudinal study looked at how youths' self-concepts are linked to their actual academic achievement in math and reading from middle childhood to adolescence. The study found that students' self-concepts of their abilities in these two academic domains play an important role in motivating their achievements over time and across levels of achievement. |
Declining queen conch populations are fragmented and that's changing the conservation game Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:10 AM PDT To provide a vital scientific foundation for conservation efforts, an international team has conducted a genetic analysis comparing queen conch at 19 sites throughout the Caribbean. Their findings will help scientists understand how local subpopulations of conch are fragmented throughout the Caribbean, an essential first step needed to develop effective science-driven management plans and practices. |
One step closer to lifelike robots Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:10 AM PDT Researchers have developed a 3-D-printable synthetic soft muscle that can lift 1,000 times its own weight. The muscle has intrinsic expansion ability and, unlike previous artificial muscles, it does not require an external compressor or high voltage equipment, signaling a breakthrough in the creation of soft robots that can move independently. The new material also has a strain density -- an ability to expand -- that is 15 times larger than natural muscle. |
The wrong first step to revive athletes in cardiac arrest Posted: 19 Sep 2017 06:09 AM PDT New research suggests that the main obstacle to an appropriate bystander response during athletes' cardiac arrest could be an apparently widespread myth: that 'tongue swallowing' is a common complication of sudden loss of consciousness that must be avoided or relieved at all costs to prevent death from asphyxia. |
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