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ScienceDaily: Latest Science News |
| 'Neuroprosthesis' restores words to man with paralysis Posted: 14 Jul 2021 02:41 PM PDT Researchers have successfully developed a 'speech neuroprosthesis' that has enabled a man with severe paralysis to communicate in sentences, translating signals from his brain to the vocal tract directly into words that appear as text on a screen. |
| Dogs may not return their owners' good deeds Posted: 14 Jul 2021 02:01 PM PDT Domestic dogs show many adaptations to living closely with humans, but they do not seem to reciprocate food-giving according to a new study. |
| Have you ever wondered how many species have inhabited Earth? Posted: 14 Jul 2021 02:01 PM PDT An environmental sciences professors explain why naming new species may be a never-ending journey. |
| Fire operations-prescribed burning combo reduces wildfire severity up to 72% Posted: 14 Jul 2021 12:11 PM PDT Firefighters battling wildfires in the western United States use a variety of suppression tactics to get the flames under control. Prescribed burns, or controlled fires intentionally set to clear shrubs and forest litter before a wildfire ever ignites, can make fire suppression operations almost three times as effective in limiting wildfire severity, according to a new study. |
| Scientists provide a more strategic approach to COVID-19 testing Posted: 14 Jul 2021 10:20 AM PDT With few additional targeted tests and non-invasive surveys, public health agencies can better estimate disease occurrence and trends, changes in transmission, rates of hospitalization and death and effectiveness of vaccines and other control measures. |
| Short chain fatty acids: An 'ace in the hole' against SARS-CoV-2 infection Posted: 14 Jul 2021 10:19 AM PDT Scientists find that short chain fatty acids can be used to reduce susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality from COVID-19. |
| Posted: 14 Jul 2021 10:19 AM PDT More and more companies are using chatbots in customer services. Due to advances in artificial intelligence and natural language processing, chatbots are often indistinguishable from humans when it comes to communication. But should companies tell customers they are communicating with machines and not with humans? Researchers investigated. Their research found that consumers tend to react negatively when they learn that the person they are talking to is, in fact, a chatbot. |
| Electroconvulsive therapy linked to longer hospital stays, increased costs Posted: 14 Jul 2021 10:18 AM PDT Electroconvulsive therapy, which may be effective at lowering long-term risks of suicide and death among patients with certain mood disorders, may result in longer hospital stays and increased health care costs, according to researchers. They said delivering the therapy in outpatient settings may make the treatment more cost-effective. |
| Scientists identify new gut-liver drug recycling process Posted: 14 Jul 2021 10:18 AM PDT A team of pharmaceutical researchers is reporting a newly recognized process of drug metabolism in the intestines - followed by recycling through the liver - that could have important implications for developing treatments for intestinal diseases and for taking multiple medications at the same time. |
| Detecting wildlife illness and death with new early alert system Posted: 14 Jul 2021 10:18 AM PDT A new early detection surveillance system for wildlife helps identify unusual patterns of illness and death in near real-time by tapping into data from wildlife rehabilitation organizations across California, explains a new study. |
| Small molecule plays outsize role in controlling nanoparticle Posted: 14 Jul 2021 10:18 AM PDT A breakthrough imaging technique has enabled researchers to gain new insights into how tiny ligands bind to the surface of nanoparticles and change a particle's shape. |
| The hidden culprit killing lithium-metal batteries from the inside Posted: 14 Jul 2021 10:18 AM PDT The first nanoscale images ever taken inside intact, lithium-metal coin batteries (also called button cells or watch batteries) challenge prevailing theories and could help make future high-performance batteries, such as for electric vehicles, safer, more powerful and longer lasting. |
| How to make biomedical research data able to interact? Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:06 AM PDT Interoperability describes the ability of different systems to communicate. Scientists have now developed the strategy for a national infrastructure adopted by Swiss university hospitals and academic institutions. With its pragmatic approach, this strategy is based on the development of a common semantic framework that does not aim to replace existing standards, but to use them in a synergistic and flexible way according to the needs of the research and the partners involved. |
| New mechanism of superconductivity discovered in graphene Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:06 AM PDT New mechanism of superconductivity discovered in graphene. Placing a 2D Bose-Einstein condensate in the vicinity of a graphene layer confers superconductivity to the material. |
| Conversion of genetic information from DNA to proteins: role of mRNA Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:06 AM PDT mRNA plays a key role in the conversion of genetic information from DNA to proteins. Their production is a delicate process. A research team has now identified a crucial factor. |
| New evidence of an anomalous phase of matter brings energy-efficient technologies closer Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT Researchers have found evidence for an anomalous phase of matter that was predicted to exist in the 1960s. Harnessing its properties could pave the way to new technologies able to share information without energy losses. |
| Metal-based molecules show promise against the build-up of Alzheimer's peptides Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT In lab tests, researchers have created a metal-based molecule that inhibits the build-up of a peptide associated with Alzheimer's disease. |
| Personalized 3D printed knee implant could help thousands of arthritis sufferers Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT Pioneering 'printed metal' procedure to create bespoke treatment for early knee osteoarthritis set to be trialed in the UK following MHRA approval. |
| Study highlights need to replace 'ancestry' in forensics with something more accurate Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT A new study finds forensics researchers use terms related to ancestry and race in inconsistent ways, and calls for the discipline to adopt a new approach to better account for both the fluidity of populations and how historical events have shaped our skeletal characteristics. |
| Swarm of autonomous tiny drones can localize gas leaks Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT When there is a gas leak in a large building or at an industrial site, human firefighters currently need to go in with gas sensing instruments. Finding the gas leak may take considerable time, while they are risking their lives. Researchers have now developed the first swarm of tiny - and hence very safe - drones that can autonomously detect and localize gas sources in cluttered indoor environments. |
| Chemistry discovery could remove micropollutants from environment Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT New research identified a new chemistry approach that could remove micropollutants from the environment. |
| Idea sharing increases online learner engagement Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT Online learning engagement can be increased by nearly one-third by simply prompting students to share course ideas rather than personal details in the form of icebreakers and social introductions. |
| DNA from 1,600-year-old Iranian sheep mummy brings history to life Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT A team of geneticists and archaeologists has sequenced the DNA from a 1,600-year-old sheep mummy from an ancient Iranian salt mine, Chehrabad. This remarkable specimen has revealed sheep husbandry practices of the ancient Near East, as well as underlining how natural mummification can affect DNA degradation. |
| Signaling molecule may help prevent Alzheimer's disease Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT The main driver of Alzheimer's disease is excessive inflammation in the brain that is triggered by cells called astrocytes and microglia in response to high levels of amyloid beta deposits and tau tangles. New research reveals that a subset of astrocytes releases a molecule called interleukin-3 that instructs microglia to adopt a protective response and clear away amyloid beta deposits and tau tangles. Interleukin-3 may hold promise as a new therapeutic intervention in Alzheimer's disease. |
| Fungi that live in the gut influence health and disease Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT Bacteria's role in gut health has received attention in recent years. But new research shows that fungi -- another microorganism that lives within us -- may be equally important in health and disease. Fungi thrive in the healthy gut, but when interactions with the immune system are off-balance, they cause intestinal damage that may contribute to gastrointestinal disease. Additional investigation demonstrate that vaccines could be developed as therapeutics to improve gut health. |
| Hydrogel composite developed to help protective gear rapidly degrade toxic nerve agents Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT Scientists have developed a hydrogel integrated with zirconium-based robust metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that rapidly degrades organophosphate-based nerve agents used in chemical warfare. Unlike existing powdered MOF adsorbents, this hydrogel composite does not require added water and may be easily scaled up for use in protective masks or clothing. |
| Opening the gate to the next generation of information processing Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT Scientists have devised a means of achieving improved information processing with a new technology for effective gate operation. This technology has applications in classical electronics as well as quantum computing, communications and sensing. |
| Study puts charge into drive for sustainable lithium production Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT A new study has yielded critical fresh insights into the lithium production process and how it relates to long-term environmental sustainability, particularly in the area of transportation with batteries and electric vehicles. |
| Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT An associate professor of marketing says digital avatars can replace a sales force and customer service employees at a fraction of the cost. |
| Study reveals new aspects of gingivitis and body's response Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:05 AM PDT Researchers have identified and classified how different people respond to the accumulation of dental plaque. |
| Researchers begin to unravel the mysteries of kombucha fermentation Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT Scientists are beginning to unravel the key microorganisms that contribute to the fermentation of kombucha, research that is already aiding large-scale kombucha producers in the fast-growing industry. |
| Compound derived from turmeric essential oil has neuroprotective properties Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT Researchers have found that a component derived from turmeric essential oil, ar-turmerone, and its derivatives act directly on dopaminergic neurons to exert a neuroprotective effect on tissue cultures of a Parkinson's disease model. The effect appears to be due to the enhancement of cellular antioxidant potency through Nrf2 activation. The researchers believe that the ar-turmerone derivatives identified in this study can be utilized as new therapeutic agents for Parkinson's disease. |
| Tamarind shells converted into an energy source for vehicles Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT A team of scientists has found a way to process tamarind shells which are rich in carbon, converting the waste material into carbon nanosheets, which are a key component of supercapacitors - energy storage devices that are used in automobiles, buses, electric vehicles, trains, and elevators. |
| Hard to swallow: Coral cells seen engulfing algae Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT Scientists have seen stony coral cells engulf dinoflagellates - single-celled, photosynthetic algae that are crucial for keeping coral alive. The researchers cultured endoderm-like cells from the stony coral, Acropora tenuis. Around 40% of coral cells incorporated the algae in around 30 minutes and remained healthy for one month. The research is a step towards understanding the partnership between coral and dinoflagellates and could shed light on how coral bleaching occurs. |
| Methamphetamine use drove surge in heart failure hospitalizations, costs in California Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT Methamphetamine-related heart failure hospitalizations rose a staggering 585% between 2008 and 2018 in California. Costs associated with methamphetamine-related hospitalizations in California jumped even higher, 840%. |
| Like priming a pump, cells damaged by chronic lung disease can result in severe COVID Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT New research suggests that the airway cells of patients with chronic lung diseases are 'primed' for infection by the COVID-19 virus, resulting in more severe symptoms, poorer outcomes and a greater likelihood of death. |
| Rapid evolution in waterfleas yields new conservation insights Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT The extraordinary ability of animals to rapidly evolve in response to predators has been demonstrated via genetic sequencing of a waterflea population across nearly two decades. |
| Drug combination shows meaningful responses for malignant peritoneal mesothelioma patient Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT A phase II study found that treatment with atezolizumab and bevacizumab was well-tolerated and resulted in a 40% objective response rate in patients with advanced malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, a rare cancer in the lining of the abdomen. |
| Vaccine hesitancy in young adults may hamper herd immunity Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT Vaccine skepticism among young adults may stall efforts to achieve herd immunity -- a threshold in which approximately 80 percent of a population is vaccinated against the coronavirus. |
| New study links moderate alcohol use with higher cancer risk Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT A new study has found an association between alcohol and a substantially higher risk of several forms of cancer, including breast, colon, and oral cancers. Increased risk was evident even among light to moderate drinkers (up to two drinks a day), who represented 1 in 7 of all new cancers in 2020 and more than 100,000 cases worldwide. |
| New system for tracking macaws emphasizes species' conservation needs Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT New data on macaw movements has the potential to greatly improve conservation strategies for the scarlet macaw, as well as similar species of large parrots. |
| Liquid metal sensors and AI could help prosthetic hands to 'feel' Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:03 AM PDT Prosthetics currently lack the sensation of 'touch.' To enable a more natural feeling prosthetic hand interface, researchers are the first to incorporate stretchable tactile sensors using liquid metal and machine learning. This hierarchical multi-finger tactile sensation integration could provide a higher level of intelligence for artificial hands by improving control, providing haptic feedback and reconnecting amputees to a previously severed sense of touch. |
| Solar radio signals could be used to monitor melting ice sheets Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:03 AM PDT A new method for seeing through ice sheets using radio signals from the sun could enable cheap, low-power and widespread monitoring of ice sheet evolution and contribution to sea-level rise. |
| Banishing bandits: Other countries bear the cost Posted: 14 Jul 2021 08:03 AM PDT There are proven strategies to stop bandits from illegally fishing in Australian waters -- but it currently comes at a cost to the Pacific region's poorer countries. |
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