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| Chang'e-5 samples reveal key age of moon rocks Posted: 07 Oct 2021 11:57 AM PDT A lunar probe launched by the Chinese space agency recently brought back the first fresh samples of rock and debris from the moon in more than 40 years. Now an international team of scientists has determined the age of these moon rocks at close to 1.97 billion years old. |
| Rover images confirm Jezero crater is an ancient Martian lake Posted: 07 Oct 2021 11:57 AM PDT Images from the Perseverance rover confirm that Jezero crater is an ancient Martian lake, MIT researchers report. The team also detected signs of flash flooding strong enough to carry large boulders downstream into the ancient delta. |
| Pollution from freight traffic disproportionately impacts communities of color across 52 US cities Posted: 07 Oct 2021 09:22 AM PDT In urban areas across the U.S., low-income neighborhoods and communities of color experience an average of 28% more nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollution than higher-income and majority-white neighborhoods. The disparity is driven primarily by proximity to trucking routes on major roadways, where diesel trucks are emitters of NO2 and other air pollutants. |
| Nature-based activities can improve mood and reduce anxiety Posted: 07 Oct 2021 09:22 AM PDT Outdoor nature-based activities are effective for improving mental health in adults, including those with pre-existing mental health problems, a new study has found. |
| Clean air matters for a healthy brain Posted: 07 Oct 2021 09:21 AM PDT Researchers say their studies on air pollution and cognitive decline -- one involving humans and one with mice -- provide evidence that cleaner air may reduce risk for Alzheimer's and other dementias. |
| Quantum networking milestone in real-world environment Posted: 07 Oct 2021 09:21 AM PDT A team has developed and demonstrated a novel, fully functional quantum local area network, or QLAN, to enable real-time adjustments to information shared with geographically isolated systems using entangled photons passing through optical fiber. |
| Recycled concrete and CO2 from the air are made into a new building material Posted: 07 Oct 2021 09:20 AM PDT A new kind of concrete could reduce emissions from the construction industry. Calcium carbonate concrete is made from waste concrete and carbon dioxide from the air or industrial exhaust gases. It shows promise as a future construction material, especially in places where natural resources are limited. |
| Birds learn to avoid plants that host dangerous insects Posted: 07 Oct 2021 09:20 AM PDT Scientists have discovered that birds know to avoid the plants where toxic animals dwell. |
| Impact of wild meat consumption on greenhouse gas emissions Posted: 07 Oct 2021 09:20 AM PDT Consuming sustainably sourced wild meat instead of domesticated livestock reduces greenhouse gas emissions and retains precious tropical forest systems, which in turn mitigates the effects of climate change. |
| Researchers identify new drug target for blood cancer, potentially solid tumors Posted: 07 Oct 2021 07:33 AM PDT Researchers have shown for the first time how mutations affecting a cellular process called RNA splicing alter cells to develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and other hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. |
| Extinct ground sloth likely ate meat with its veggies Posted: 07 Oct 2021 07:10 AM PDT A new study suggests that Mylodon -- a ground sloth that lived in South America until about 10,000 to 12,000 years ago -- was not a strict vegetarian like all of its living relatives. Based on a chemical analysis of amino acids preserved in sloth hair, the researchers uncovered evidence that this gigantic extinct sloth was an omnivore, at times eating meat or other animal protein in addition to plant matter. |
| Zeolites’ isotopes defy nature Posted: 07 Oct 2021 07:10 AM PDT Researchers have analyzed ancient zeolite specimens collected from the edges of East Iceland to discover that zeolites separate calcium isotopes in a wholly unexpected way. |
| Naloxone access doesn’t make heroin seem less risky Posted: 07 Oct 2021 07:10 AM PDT The medication naloxone is so effective at saving the lives of opioid overdose victims that some people worry that it might make drug users think heroin and related drugs are no longer risky. But a new study suggests that is not the case. |
| Abundance of microscopic paint flakes in the North Atlantic Posted: 07 Oct 2021 07:10 AM PDT Flakes of paint could be one of the most abundant type of microplastic particles in the ocean, new research has suggested. Through a range of surveys conducted across the North Atlantic Ocean, scientists estimated that each cubic meter of seawater contained an average of 0.01 paint flakes. |
| Physical athletes’ visual skills prove sharper than action video game players Posted: 07 Oct 2021 07:10 AM PDT Athletes still have the edge over action video gamers when it comes to dynamic visual skills, a new study shows. |
| A study of skull growth and tooth emergence reveals that timing is everything Posted: 06 Oct 2021 11:34 AM PDT Paleoanthropologists have wondered how and why humans evolved molars that emerge into the mouth at specific ages and why those ages are so delayed compared to living apes. It is the coordination between facial growth and the mechanics of the chewing muscles that determines not just where but when adult molars emerge. This results in molars coming in only when enough of a 'mechanically safe' space is created. Molars that emerge 'ahead of schedule' would do so in a space that, when chewed on, would disrupt the fine-tuned function of the entire chewing apparatus by causing damage to the jaw joint. |
| Think a census of humans is hard? Try counting their brain cells! Posted: 06 Oct 2021 10:23 AM PDT In 2013, the U.S. government began investing $100 million to decipher human brain anatomy in a large collaborative project called the BRAIN Initiative. Researchers built tools and set standards for describing all the cells in the brain. On October 7, 2021 the initiative reached a major milestone, publishing a comprehensive census of cell types in the mouse, monkey, and human primary motor cortex. |
| Neuroscientists map major circuit in the mouse brain Posted: 06 Oct 2021 08:26 AM PDT A mouse study reveals new insights into the wiring of a major circuit in the brain that is attacked by Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. The findings could hone scientists' understanding of how these disorders arise in the human brain and pinpoint new therapeutic targets. |
| Neuroscientists roll out first comprehensive atlas of brain cells Posted: 06 Oct 2021 08:25 AM PDT While researchers have discovered numerous cell types in the brain, this atlas of all cell types in one area -- the primary motor cortex -- is the first comprehensive list and a starting point for tracing cellular networks to understand how they control our body and mind and how they are disrupted in mental and physical disorders. |
| Advancing efforts to treat, prevent and cure brain disorders Posted: 06 Oct 2021 08:25 AM PDT It takes billions of cells to make a human brain, and scientists have long struggled to map this complex network of neurons. Now, dozens of research teams around the country have made inroads into creating an atlas of the mouse brain as a first step toward a human brain atlas. The results describe how different cell types are organized and connected throughout the mouse brain. |
| Mapping the mouse brain, and by extension, the human brain too Posted: 06 Oct 2021 08:25 AM PDT Researchers further refine the organization of cells within key regions of the mouse brain and the organization of transcriptomic, epigenomic and regulatory factors that provide these brain cells with function and purpose. |
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