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ScienceDaily: Latest Science News |
| Experimental gene therapy reverses sickle cell disease for years Posted: 13 Dec 2021 01:01 PM PST An experimental gene therapy for sickle cell disease restored blood cells to their normal shape and eliminated severe pain crises for years after treatment, a multicenter study has found. |
| With fuzzy nanoparticles, researchers reveal a way to design tougher ballistic materials Posted: 13 Dec 2021 11:22 AM PST Researchers have discovered a new method to improve the toughness of materials that could lead to stronger versions of body armor, bulletproof glass and other ballistic equipment. The team produced films composed of nanometer-scale ceramic particles decorated with polymer strands (resembling fuzzy orbs) and made them targets in miniature impact tests that showed off the material's enhanced toughness. Further tests unveiled a unique property not shared by typical polymer-based materials that allowed the films to dissipate energy from impacts rapidly. |
| Research demonstrates that cells with cancer-associated mutations overtake human tissue with age Posted: 13 Dec 2021 10:33 AM PST Recently published research has found that most cancer-free individuals over age 60 carry at least 100 billion cells harboring at least one oncogenic, or tumor-causing, mutation. |
| Potential cure for tropical parasitic disease found in soil Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:19 AM PST Combining two agents to block a parasitic worm's life cycle boosted survival from a potentially deadly tropical disease to 85% in animal models, far better than either treatment alone, according to a proof-of-concept study. |
| Climate change record in clam shells Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:19 AM PST The tiny, pale surf clam about the size of a fingernail that most people have seen and collected on beaches around the world holds clues in its shell to Earth's past. For the first time, researchers have been able to identify the monthly, and even weekly, ocean temperatures recorded in these smooth clam shells. Because ancient civilizations consumed these ubiquitous clams and left the shells at archeological sites, researchers now have a new way to reconstruct climate and its fluctuations from nearly 3,000 years ago. |
| Want to limit carbon and curb wildfire? Create a market for small trees Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:18 AM PST Thinning treatments reduce the risk of wildfire and provide ecological benefits for California's forests, but they also generate wood residues that are often burnt or left to decay, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. A new analysis shows how incentivizing industries that convert wood residues into useful products -- including biofuels and construction-quality engineered lumber -- could fund forest thinning treatments while preventing the release of carbon. |
| 'Supermeres' may carry clues to cancer, Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19 Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:18 AM PST Researchers have discovered a nanoparticle released from cells, called a 'supermere,' which contains enzymes, proteins and RNA associated with multiple cancers, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease and even COVID-19. |
| Tooth cavities provide unique ecological insight into living primates and fossil humans Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:18 AM PST Tooth decay is a common and unfortunate problem for many of us, but two University of Otago studies show it is also an issue for other primates, as well as our fossil relatives and ancestors. |
| Warm-bodied ties between mammals and birds more ancient than previously recognized Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:18 AM PST The evolutionary origin of endothermy (the ability to maintain a warm body and higher energy levels than reptiles), currently believed to have originated separately in birds and mammals, could have occurred nearly 300 million years ago. |
| Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:18 AM PST Researchers have looked at what limits the efficiency of a promising solar material to reveal the nature of multiple different kinds of defects, their varied roles in device efficiency and their responses to treatment. |
| New copper surface eliminates bacteria in just two minutes, scientists report Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:18 AM PST A new copper surface that kills bacteria more than 100 times faster and more effectively than standard copper could help combat the growing threat of antibiotic-resistant superbugs. |
| Scientists give new lease of life to e-waste plastics Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:18 AM PST Plastics found in electronic waste (e-waste) are rarely recycled due to their complex composition and hazardous additives, but scientists have now developed a new use for them -- by repurposing them as an alternative to the plastics used in laboratory cell culture containers, such as petri dishes. |
| Losing isn’t always bad: Gaining topology from loss Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:18 AM PST Losing particles can lead to positive, robust effects. An international collaboration has demonstrated a novel topology arising from losses in hybrid light-matter particles, introducing a new avenue to induce the highly-prized effects inherent to conventional topological materials, which can potentially revolutionise electronics. The study represents an experimental observation of a non-Hermitian topological invariant in a semiconductor in the strong light-matter coupling regime supporting formation of exciton-polaritons. |
| New inexpensive method to detect lime in soil Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:18 AM PST Scientists have developed a new simple, inexpensive and fast method to detect and measure very low concentrations of agricultural lime in soils, which is generally a time consuming and difficult exercise. |
| Technique speeds up thermal actuation for soft robotics Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:17 AM PST Researchers have come up with a new design for thermal actuators, which can be used to create rapid movement in soft robotic devices. |
| New hope for people living with a genetic cause of autism Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:17 AM PST Researchers report they were able to ameliorate Fragile X syndrome symptoms after inserting the Fmr1 gene into the brains of very young transgenic mice that had been genetically engineered to lack this gene. When the researchers measured brain activity for signs of anxiety and hyperactivity in response to stimuli such as stresses and sounds, they found that the reactivation of the gene in these mice had led them to no longer show Fragile X syndrome symptoms. |
| Gunfire or plastic bag popping? Trained computer can tell the difference Posted: 13 Dec 2021 09:13 AM PST Engineering researchers have developed a gunshot detection algorithm and classification model that can discern similar sounds such as gunfire or a plastic bag popping. Discerning between a dangerous audio event like a gun firing and a non-life-threatening event, such as a plastic bag bursting, can mean the difference between life and death. Additionally, it also can determine whether or not to deploy public safety workers. Humans, as well as computers, often confuse the sounds of a plastic bag popping and real gunshot sounds. |
| Posted: 13 Dec 2021 08:16 AM PST COVID-19 convalescent plasma showed a likely benefit for patients early in the pandemic before remdesivir and corticosteroids were in use, according to results of a landmark study. |
| Computer-, smartphone-based treatments effective at reducing symptoms of depression Posted: 13 Dec 2021 06:48 AM PST Computer- and smartphone-based treatments appear to be effective in reducing symptoms of depression, and while it remains unclear whether they are as effective as face-to-face psychotherapy, they offer a promising alternative to address the growing mental health needs spawned by the COVID-19 pandemic, according to new research. |
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