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| Seeing how odor is processed in the brain Posted: 27 May 2022 06:41 PM PDT A specially created odor delivery device, along with machine learning-based analysis of scalp-recorded electroencephalogram, has enabled researchers to see when and where odors are processed in the brain. The study found that odor information in the brain is unrelated to perception during the early stages of being processed, but when perception later occurred, unpleasant odors were processed more quickly than pleasant odors. Problems with odor perception can be an early symptom of neurodegenerative diseases, so uncovering more of the neural bases of odor perception could help towards better understanding of those diseases in future. |
| Gene linked to severe learning disabilities governs cell stress response Posted: 27 May 2022 01:02 PM PDT A gene that has been associated with severe learning disabilities in humans has been found to also play a vital role in cells' response to environmental stress, according to a new study. The gene, Rad6 has previously been associated with a set of symptoms called 'Nascimento Syndrome,' that include severe learning disabilities. |
| New light-powered catalysts could aid in manufacturing Posted: 27 May 2022 01:01 PM PDT Chemists designed a new photoredox catalyst that could make it easier to incorporate light-driven reactions into continuous flow manufacturing processes. The polymer catalysts could be used to coat tubing and perform chemical transformations on reactants as they flow through the tube. |
| Revisiting the history of CPT theorem Posted: 27 May 2022 11:21 AM PDT A new review looks at an important and often overlooked aspect of physics that suggested symmetry in the particle zoo and how it could be broken. |
| Modelling the behavior and dynamics of microswimmers Posted: 27 May 2022 11:21 AM PDT The understanding of the clustering and movement of microswimmers has a range of applications from human health to tackling ecological problems. |
| New gels could help the medicine go down Posted: 27 May 2022 11:21 AM PDT Researchers have created a drug-delivering gel could make it easier for children and adults who have trouble swallowing pills to take their medications. |
| New route to build materials out of tiny particles Posted: 27 May 2022 11:21 AM PDT Researchers have found a new way to build synthetic materials out of tiny glass particles -- so-called colloids. They showed that they can simply use the shape of these colloids to make interesting building blocks for new materials, regardless of other properties of the colloidal particles. |
| New method allows easy, versatile synthesis of lactone molecules Posted: 27 May 2022 10:14 AM PDT Chemists' technique for turning cheap dicarboxylic acids into complex lactones could boost industries from pharmaceuticals to plastics. |
| New cancer subtype may illuminate treatment strategy Posted: 27 May 2022 09:14 AM PDT Researchers have identified a previously unrecognized form of hormone therapy-resistant prostate cancer, as well as a set of molecules that drive its growth. This discovery opens the door to the development of therapies that treat this specific disease. |
| Novel sensors enable precise measurement of dopamine Posted: 27 May 2022 09:14 AM PDT Dopamine is an important signalling molecule for nerve cells. Its concentration could not be precisely determined with both high spatial or temporal resolution until now. A new method has now made this possible: A research team used modified carbon nanotubes that glow brighter in the presence of the messenger substance dopamine. These sensors visualize the release of dopamine from nerve cells with unprecedented resolution. |
| Algorithms help to distinguish diseases at the molecular level Posted: 27 May 2022 09:14 AM PDT Machine learning is playing an ever-increasing role in biomedical research. Scientists have now developed a new method of using molecular data to extract subtypes of illnesses. In the future, this method can help to support the study of larger patient groups. |
| Posted: 27 May 2022 09:13 AM PDT Researchers have succeeded in understanding the biosynthetic mechanisms for the production of the natural product cyanobacterin, which is produced in small quantities by the cyanobacteria Scytonema hofmanni. In the process, they also discovered a new class of enzymes for building carbon-carbon bonds. The (bio)chemists are thus significantly expanding the biocatalytic repertoire currently known from Nature and are opening up new, sustainable biotechnological applications in medicine and agriculture. |
| T cell warriors need their R & R Posted: 27 May 2022 09:13 AM PDT T cells, biology textbooks teach us, are the soldiers of the immune system, constantly on the ready to respond to a variety of threats, from viruses to tumors. However, without rest and maintenance T cells can die and leave their hosts more susceptible to pathogens, scientists report. |
| High cost of cancer care in the U.S. doesn't reduce mortality rates Posted: 27 May 2022 09:13 AM PDT In a new study, researchers find that the U.S. spends twice as much as the average high-income country on cancer care, but only has slightly better mortality rates. |
| An arms race that plays out in a single genome Posted: 27 May 2022 09:13 AM PDT We often think of biological arms races occurring between the immune system and pathogens, or predator and prey, but biologists have now discovered an example that plays out within a single genome. Their work in fruit flies may have implications for key biological processes in humans, including fertility and even cancer. |
| A quarter of the world's Internet users rely on infrastructure that is susceptible to attacks Posted: 27 May 2022 07:12 AM PDT About a quarter of the world's Internet users live in countries that are more susceptible than previously thought to targeted attacks on their Internet infrastructure. Many of the at-risk countries are located in the Global South. That's the conclusion of a sweeping, large-scale study conducted by computer scientists. |
| Ancient viral elements embedded in human genome not from fossil retrovirus Posted: 27 May 2022 07:12 AM PDT Many types of animals, including humans, successfully coexist with retroviruses, and we know that ancient retrovirus viral elements can even be found within our genome. We also know that these endogenous retroviruses can be utilized for development and evolution. However, uncontrolled endogenous retroviruses may be a cause of disease in the human body. Now, researchers have discovered that endogenous retroviruses in our genome may pose a risk in regenerative medicine. |
| Siberian tundra could virtually disappear by mid-millennium Posted: 27 May 2022 07:12 AM PDT Due to global warming, temperatures in the Arctic are climbing rapidly. As a result, the treeline for Siberian larch forests is steadily advancing to the north, gradually supplanting the broad expanses of tundra which are home to a unique mix of flora and fauna. Experts have now prepared a computer simulation of how these woods could spread in the future, at the tundra's expense. |
| Supermassive black holes inside of dying galaxies detected in early universe Posted: 27 May 2022 07:10 AM PDT An international team of astronomers used a database combining observations from the best telescopes in the world, including the Subaru Telescope, to detect the signal from the active supermassive black holes of dying galaxies in the early Universe. The appearance of these active supermassive black holes correlates with changes in the host galaxy, suggesting that a black hole could have far reaching effects on the evolution of its host galaxy. |
| Smart, dissolving pacemaker communicates with body-area sensor and control network Posted: 26 May 2022 11:15 AM PDT Engineers have taken their transient pacemaker and integrated it into a coordinated network of four soft, flexible, wireless wearable sensors and control units placed on different anatomically relevant locations on the body. The sensors communicate with each other to continuously monitor the body's various physiological functions, including body temperature, oxygen levels, respiration, muscle tone, physical activity and the heart's electrical activity. The system then uses algorithms to analyze this combined activity in order to autonomously detect abnormal cardiac rhythms and decide when to pace the heart and at what rate. |
| 'Fuel of evolution' more abundant than previously thought in wild animals Posted: 26 May 2022 11:15 AM PDT The raw material for evolution is much more abundant in wild animals than we previously believed, according to new research. |
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