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| COVID vaccines are safe for patients with cardiovascular disease Posted: 23 Jun 2022 06:12 AM PDT COVID-19 vaccination is not associated with an increased risk of heart attack or stroke in patients with established cardiovascular disease, according to a large study. |
| Untangling the role of tau in Alzheimer's disease Posted: 23 Jun 2022 06:12 AM PDT A team of scientists has revealed how excess tau -- a key protein implicated in Alzheimer's disease -- impairs signaling between neurons in the brains of mice. The study could open new pathways for treating the symptoms and even halting the progression of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. |
| Posted: 23 Jun 2022 06:12 AM PDT Scientists have found that a midgestation increase in the hormone leptin, which most of us associate with appetite suppression, produces problematic blood vessel dysfunction and restriction of the baby's growth in preeclampsia that put mother and baby at risk. |
| How climate change can significantly impact one of the world's most important carbon-rich ecosystems Posted: 23 Jun 2022 06:12 AM PDT Mangrove forests play a vital role in the health of our planet. The trees and shrubs absorb a substantial amount of greenhouse gas emissions, help protect communities from rising sea levels, and act as nurseries for baby fish. |
| Scientists decontaminate heavy metal water using protein from plant waste Posted: 23 Jun 2022 06:12 AM PDT Scientists have created a membrane made from a waste by-product of vegetable oil manufacturing, which can filter out heavy metals from contaminated water. In tests, they showed that this process of attraction, called adsorption, was able to purify contaminated water to a degree that meets international drinking standards. |
| Scarless skin grafting using mussel adhesive protein Posted: 23 Jun 2022 06:12 AM PDT A professor develops a bioadhesive based on the mussel adhesive protein for sutureless skin grafting. Skin regenerative effect maximized with controlled releases of dual drugs. |
| What did Megalodon eat? Anything it wanted -- including other predators. Posted: 22 Jun 2022 01:45 PM PDT Megalodon sharks, which went extinct about 3 million years ago, were three times longer than modern great white sharks and were apex predators at highest trophic level ever measured. Researchers used the traces of nitrogen trapped in shark tooth enamel to calculate the trophic levels of the prehistoric predators. |
| Surgeons develop new technique to reduce Adam's apple without neck scar Posted: 22 Jun 2022 01:45 PM PDT Doctors at the UCLA Gender Health Program have developed a technique to reduce an Adam's apple bump without leaving a scar on the patient's neck. |
| Indigenous communities used the Caribbean Sea as an aquatic highway Posted: 22 Jun 2022 01:45 PM PDT Researchers recently turned to pottery to tease apart the navigational history of the Caribbean, analyzing the composition of 96 fired clay fragments across 11 islands. The study was conducted in the Greater Antilles and marks the first time that pottery artifacts from the Lucayan Islands -- The Bahamas plus the Turks and Caicos Islands -- have been analyzed to determine their elemental composition and origin. |
| Where once were black boxes, new LANTERN illuminates Posted: 22 Jun 2022 01:45 PM PDT A new statistical tool for predicting protein function could help with tasks ranging from producing biofuels to improving crops to developing new disease treatments. Not only could it help with the difficult job of altering proteins in practically useful ways, but it also works by methods that are fully interpretable -- an advantage over conventional AI. |
| Blood test developed to predict liver cancer risk Posted: 22 Jun 2022 01:45 PM PDT An estimated one-quarter of adults in the U.S. have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), an excess of fat in liver cells that can cause chronic inflammation and liver damage, increasing the risk of liver cancer. Now researchers have developed a simple blood test to predict which NAFLD patients are most likely to develop liver cancer. |
| Process to customize molecules does double duty Posted: 22 Jun 2022 01:45 PM PDT Chemists developed a method to add two fragments to an alkene molecule in a single process. The discovery could simplify drug and materials design. |
| Posted: 22 Jun 2022 11:19 AM PDT Delivering a targeted immunotoxin into breast ducts via openings in the nipple wiped out all visible and invisible precancerous lesions in laboratory studies of very early stage breast cancers. |
| Biomarkers found that could be drug targets against a deadly form of brain cancer Posted: 22 Jun 2022 11:19 AM PDT Biomarkers that could be targets for novel drugs to treat glioblastoma brain tumors have been identified, providing hope for a cancer that is highly lethal. This new finding provides early evidence that there may be a benefit in targeting specific alterations in cancer cells with newer agents once a patient's tumor becomes resistant to temozolomide. |
| Flicker from the dark: Reading between the lines to model our galaxy's central black hole Posted: 22 Jun 2022 11:19 AM PDT Researchers have shown in a single model the full story of how gas travels in the center of the Milky Way -- from being blown off by stars to falling into the black hole. |
| How humans evolved to get along (to extent that we do) Posted: 22 Jun 2022 11:19 AM PDT The research shows that four neighboring groups of bonobos they studied at the Kokolopori Bonobo Reserve in the Democratic Republic of Congo maintained exclusive and stable social and spatial borders between them, showing they are indeed part of distinct social groups that interact regularly and peacefully with each other. |
| Scientists identify sensor underlying mechanical itch Posted: 22 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT New finding could lead to better drug treatments for chronic itch conditions, like eczema. |
| Attitudes around older motherhood too often emphasize risk and pregnancy timing Posted: 22 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT A political science professor argues that much of the official language around older motherhood is rooted in both ageism and ableism, as well as being out of step with current childbirth trends. The average age of childbirth has been rising steadily since the mid-1960s, and in some countries, more women are giving birth between the ages of 35 to 39 than between 20 and 24. But societal expectations of mothers remain largely unchanged. |
| Fights in pro hockey don't deter greater violence, study finds Posted: 22 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT Allowing fights among players in the National Hockey Leagues does not deter greater violence in the modern game, according to a new study. |
| Uncovering links between grit and cognitive function Posted: 22 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT Gritty people may be more able to self-regulate and show 'cautious control' -- but don't necessarily have greater cognitive ability, according to a new study. |
| Hormones are linked with sleep apnea, snoring in postmenopausal women Posted: 22 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT A new study has found an association between obstructive sleep apnea risk and low estrogen and progesterone levels in women. |
| Organic bipolar transistor developed Posted: 22 Jun 2022 10:08 AM PDT Researchers have developed a highly efficient organic bipolar transistor. The work opens up new perspectives for organic electronics -- both in data processing and transmission, as well as in medical technology applications. |
| Posted: 22 Jun 2022 10:07 AM PDT To identify variations in climate across Maine wild blueberry fields at different times of the day and year, researchers analyzed annual and seasonal data from 1980-2020 for Washington, Hancock, Piscataquis, Waldo, Knox, Lincoln, Kennebec and York counties. They found that location, season and the time of day influence how fast temperatures are rising at wild blueberry fields due to climate change. |
| Pushing T cells down 'memory lane' may improve cancer therapy Posted: 22 Jun 2022 10:07 AM PDT Scientists have identified proteins that help decide T cell fate and used the finding to improve CAR-T cell therapy in a solid tumor model. |
| New understanding of congenital heart disease progression opens door to improved treatment options Posted: 22 Jun 2022 10:07 AM PDT Researchers have uncovered new insights into the mechanisms underlying the progression of congenital heart disease (CHD) -- a spectrum of heart defects that develop before birth and remain the leading cause of childhood death. |
| Women in science receive less credit for their contributions Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:32 AM PDT Women in science are less likely than their male counterparts to receive authorship credit for the work they do, new research finds. Researchers for the first time used a large set of administrative data from universities that revealed exactly who was involved with and paid on various research projects. |
| Breast cancer spreads at night, study shows Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:32 AM PDT A new study shows that breast cancer metastases form more efficiently while patients are sleeping. The finding could significantly change the way cancer is diagnosed and treated in future. |
| Research reveals the pons plays a significant role in processing sad information Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT Researchers conducted studies to explain the neural mechanisms of the pons-corticolimbic network in perpetuating sad mood in depression. |
| Deletion of Wt1 gene produces alterations in the reproductive organs of mice Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT The deletion of the Wt1 gene during the early stages of the embryonic reproductive organ formation leads to differences in sex development in adult mice, according to a new study. |
| Young adults with higher exposure to household air pollution show worse lung function Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT A new study has evaluated the link between air pollution and lung function of young adults who had recently attained their expected maximum lung function. The study found that participants with higher exposure to ambient and household air pollution had worse results in lung function tests. |
| When the world of nanotechnology and microbreweries meet Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT Researchers have shown that microbrewery waste can be used as a carbon source to synthesize quantum dots. |
| Can robotics help us achieve sustainable development? Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT Scientists have assessed how robotics and autonomous systems might facilitate or impede the delivery of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Their findings identify key opportunities and key threats that need to be considered while developing, deploying and governing robotics and autonomous systems. |
| The younger we feel, the better we rehabilitate, research shows Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT Could the expression 'you're only as old as you feel' hold true for older people recuperating from physical disabilities? Apparently so. Researchers have found that feeling young can increase the chances of successful rehabilitation from medical conditions, even in old age. |
| Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT How hard can insects bite? Having a strong chewing apparatus makes it easier to crush harder food and to succeed in fights with enemies. Biologists now present a mobile system (forceX) for measuring the bite forces of small animals, along with the software forceR to evaluate the data. This allows to understand how bite forces, for example of insects, evolved. |
| Tree species diversity under pressure Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT A new global study of 46,752 tree species shows that many of them are under substantial pressure and poorly protected. The research team has also studied how this situation can be improved by ambitious and smart designation of new protected areas. |
| Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT A new study found that Omicron-specific antibodies reached detectable levels in 86% of nursing home residents and 93% of healthcare workers after receiving the booster shot, compared to just 28% of nursing home residents and healthcare workers after the initial two-dose COVID-19 vaccine series. |
| Astrocytic urea cycle in the brain controls memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT Researchers have revealed the presence of a functional urea cycle in the star-shaped cells of the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) brain. Key results point to the role of the urea cycle in amyloid-beta plaque clearance, and the memory impairment caused by consequent excess GABA, ammonia, and H2O2 production. Astrocyte-specific silencing of enzyme ODC1 in AD mouse model rescues memory impairment and can be a potential new therapeutic target against the disease. |
| Tapping the ocean as a source of natural products Posted: 22 Jun 2022 08:31 AM PDT Using DNA data, researchers have examined seawater to find not only new species of bacteria, but also previously unknown natural products that may one day prove beneficial. |
| Engineers devise a recipe for improving any autonomous robotic system Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:14 AM PDT Engineers devised a recipe for improving any autonomous robotic system. Their optimization code can automatically identify how and where to tweak a system to improve a robot's performance. |
| Optical microphone sees sound like never before Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:14 AM PDT A camera system can see sound vibrations with such precision and detail that it can reconstruct the music of a single instrument in a band or orchestra. Even the most high-powered and directed microphones can't eliminate nearby sounds, ambient noise and the effect of acoustics when they capture audio. The novel system uses two cameras and a laser to sense high-speed, low-amplitude surface vibrations. These vibrations can be used to reconstruct sound, capturing isolated audio without inference or a microphone. 'We've invented a new way to see sound,' said Mark Sheinin, a post-doctoral research associate at the Illumination and Imaging Laboratory (ILIM) in the RI. |
| Scientists map sulfur residue on Jupiter's icy moon Europa Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:14 AM PDT A team has used the Hubble Space Telescope to observe Jupiter's moon, Europa, at ultraviolet wavelengths, filling in a 'gap' in the various wavelengths used to observe this icy water world. The team's near-global UV maps show concentrations of sulfur dioxide on Europa's trailing side. |
| The secret lives of mites in the skin of our faces Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:14 AM PDT A full DNA analysis of mites that live in the hair follicles of all humans reveals explanations for their bizarre mating habits, body features and evolutionary future. Inbreeding and isolation means they have shed genes and cells and are moving closer to a permanent existence with us. |
| TB treatment during pregnancy is safe for mom and baby, study suggests Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Seven out of 10 pregnant women were cured of their multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and delivered healthy babies after taking a medication that had previously been considered unsafe in pregnancy, a new study has found. |
| No 'safest spot' to minimize risk of COVID-19 transmission on trains Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Researchers have demonstrated how airborne diseases such as COVID-19 spread along the length of a train carriage and found that there is no 'safest spot' for passengers to minimise the risk of transmission. |
| Feelings of detachment predict worse mental health outcomes after trauma Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Following trauma, feeling detached from one's surroundings may suggest a higher risk of later developing serious mental health conditions. It's important to screen for feeling detached to identify patients who might benefit from preventive care. |
| Organ storage a step closer with cryopreservation discovery Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Scientists have taken the first step towards improved storage of human cells, which may lead to the safe storage of organs such as hearts and lungs. |
| Custom suits for worms that really deliver Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Researchers have found that nematodes can be coated with a protective hydrogel sheath that can be engineered to carry functional cargo. This system could potentially be developed to deliver anti-cancer drugs to tumors using worms with a natural predilection for human cancer cells. |
| Topological superconductors: Fertile ground for elusive Majorana ('angel') particle Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT A new review investigates the search of Majorana fermions in iron-based superconductors. The elusive Majorana fermion, or 'angel particle' simultaneously behaves like a particle and an antiparticle -- and surprisingly remains stable rather than being self-destructive. Majorana fermions promise information and communications technology with zero resistance, addressing the rising energy consumption of modern electronics (already 8% of global electricity consumption), promising a sustainable future for computing. Majorana zero-energy modes in topological superconductors makes those exotic quantum materials the main candidate materials for realizing topological quantum computing. |
| Diabetes: Dopamine regulates insulin secretion through a complex of receptors Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT In a leap forward for diabetes research, researchers reveal that the feel-good hormone, dopamine, regulates insulin secretion through a heteromeric complex of receptors, thereby providing new targets for antidiabetic medication and therapy. The study is the first to elucidate the mechanism behind dopamine's down-regulation of insulin secretion. |
| Mugwort allergy: Study creates basis for vaccine Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT A research team has discovered key mechanisms of allergy to pollen from the common weed mugwort, thereby also laying the foundation for the development of the world's first vaccine. Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) poses a serious problem for allergic individuals in certain latitudes from July through to September. Currently, the symptoms, which often lead to asthma, can only be treated symptomatically. The recent findings are an essential first step toward causal therapy and prevention of mugwort pollen allergy. |
| PICASSO technique drives biological molecules into technicolor? Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Pablo Picasso's surreal cubist artistic style shifted common features into unrecognizable scenes, but a new imaging approach bearing his namesake may elucidate the most complicated subject: the brain. Employing artificial intelligence to clarify spectral color blending of tiny molecules used to stain specific proteins and other items of research interest, the PICASSO technique, allows researchers to use more than 15 colors to image and parse our overlapping proteins. |
| Following ultrafast magnetization dynamics in depth Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT The future development of functional magnetic devices based on ultrafast optical manipulation of spins requires an understanding of the depth-dependent spin dynamics across the interfaces of complex magnetic heterostructures. A novel technique to obtain such an 'in depth' and time-resolved view on the magnetization has now been demonstrated. |
| Nanostructured surfaces for future quantum computer chips Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Quantum computers are one of the key future technologies of the 21st century. Researchers have developed a new technology for manipulating light that can be used as a basis for future optical quantum computers. |
| Researchers discover a new receptor regulating sebaceous gland progenitor cell function Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Stem cells and progenitor cells play an important role in the renewal of multiple tissues. Scientists have discovered a molecule called embigin on the surface of epithelia progenitor cells and proven its significance to sebaceous gland function. |
| Can we save more lives if we let resistant bacteria live? Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Every day, people die of simple inflammation because bacteria can no longer be killed with antibiotics. So what do we do? Maybe we should spend less energy on killing them and more on 'only' making them harmless while they are in our body, researchers suggest. |
| Human cells take in less protein from a plant-based 'meat' than from chicken Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Many people have now embraced the plant-based 'meat' movement. Plants high in protein, such as soybeans, are common ingredients, but it's been unclear how much of the nutrient makes it into human cells. Researchers now report that proteins in a model plant-based substitute were not as accessible to cells as those from meat. The team says this knowledge could eventually be used to develop more healthful products. |
| Sniffing out your identity with breath biometrics Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Researchers have developed an artificial 'nose' that can identify individuals from their breath. Built with a 16-channel sensor array that can detect different compounds found in a person's breath, the olfactory sensor system has the potential to become another option in the biometric security toolkit. Combined with machine learning, the 'artificial nose' was able to authenticate up to 20 individuals with an average accuracy of more than 97%. |
| Technology helps self-driving cars learn from own 'memories' Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:13 AM PDT Researchers have developed a way to help autonomous vehicles create 'memories' of previous experiences and use them in future navigation, especially during adverse weather conditions when the car cannot safely rely on its sensors. |
| Reducing air pollution can support healthy brain development Posted: 22 Jun 2022 07:07 AM PDT A new study finds that having a portable air cleaner in the home can reduce the negative impacts of air pollution on brain development in children. Scientists are studying the benefits of using air filters to reduce exposure to air pollution during pregnancy, and assessed the impact on children's intelligence. |
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