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ScienceDaily: Matter & Energy News |
It takes a 'consortium': Researchers develop metabolic engineering technique Posted: 11 Sep 2019 02:46 PM PDT For years, scientists have explored ways to alter the cells of microorganisms in efforts to improve how many products are made, including medicines, fuels, and even beer. But altering the genetic and regulatory processes that take place within cells presents challenges. Now bioengineers is working with a team of researchers to engineer microbial consortia, wherein cell subpopulations are engineered to work together to carry out a desired function. |
Black hole at the center of our galaxy appears to be getting hungrier Posted: 11 Sep 2019 01:52 PM PDT The enormous black hole at the center of our galaxy is having an unusually large meal, and researchers don't know why. 'We have never seen anything like this in the 24 years we have studied the supermassive black hole,' said a professor of physics and astronomy. |
Nerve-like 'optical lace' gives robots a human touch Posted: 11 Sep 2019 12:12 PM PDT A new synthetic material that creates a linked sensory network similar to a biological nervous system could enable soft robots to sense how they interact with their environment and adjust their actions accordingly. |
FDA phase 1 trial shows hydrogel to repair heart is safe to inject in humans -- a first Posted: 11 Sep 2019 11:28 AM PDT Scientists successfully conducted a first-in-human, FDA-approved Phase 1 clinical trial of an injectable hydrogel that aims to repair damage and restore cardiac function in heart failure patients who previously suffered a heart attack. The trial is the first to test a hydrogel designed to repair cardiac tissue. It is also the first to test a hydrogel made from the natural scaffolding of cardiac muscle tissue. |
New metamaterial morphs into new shapes, taking on new properties Posted: 11 Sep 2019 11:27 AM PDT Electrochemical reactions drive shape change in new nanoarchitected metamaterial. |
Students make neutrons dance beneath university campus Posted: 11 Sep 2019 11:27 AM PDT Nuclear reactors are still the primary source for strong neutron beams to create isotopes for geologic dating, radiography and medicine, but researchers have now enlisted engineering students in building a tabletop neutron source that could be nearly as effective. A new study shows that the high flux neutron generator can date rocks as old as 1 million years, as well as fine-grained materials like lavas and clays, extending the usefulness of argon-argon dating. |
Milestones on the way to the nuclear clock Posted: 11 Sep 2019 11:27 AM PDT For decades, people have been searching for suitable atomic nuclei for building an ultra-precise nuclear clock. For a long time it had been conjectured that a specific thorium isotope must have a nuclear state that would be suitable for this purpose. This long-sought core state of thorium has now been demonstrated experimentally for the first time -- twice, by 2 different international research teams. |
'Flying fish' robot can propel itself out of water and glide through the air Posted: 11 Sep 2019 11:27 AM PDT A bio-inspired bot uses water from the environment to create a gas and launch itself from the water's surface. |
Solving the longstanding mystery of how friction leads to static electricity Posted: 11 Sep 2019 09:19 AM PDT Scientists developed a new model, which shows that rubbing two objects together produces static electricity, or triboelectricity, by bending the tiny protrusions on the surface of materials. |
Scientists detect the ringing of a newborn black hole for the first time Posted: 11 Sep 2019 09:19 AM PDT Physicists have 'heard' the ringing of an infant black hole for the first time, and found that the pattern of this ringing does, in fact, predict the black hole's mass and spin -- more evidence that Einstein was right all along. |
Aphid-stressed pines show different secondary organic aerosol formation Posted: 11 Sep 2019 09:19 AM PDT Plants emit gases, called volatile organic compounds (VOCs), that enter the atmosphere, where they can interact with other natural and human-made molecules to form secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). These tiny, suspended particles influence atmospheric processes, such as cloud formation and sunlight scattering. Now, researchers have shown that aphid-infested Scots pine trees produce a different mixture of VOCs than healthy plants, which then leads to different SOAs. |
Conductivity at the edges of graphene bilayers Posted: 11 Sep 2019 08:30 AM PDT For nanoribbons of bilayer graphene, whose edge atoms are arranged in zigzag patterns, the bands of electron energies which are allowed and forbidden are significantly different to those found in monolayer graphene. This causes variations in the ways in which bilayers conduct electricity. |
From years to days: Artificial Intelligence speeds up photodynamics simulations Posted: 11 Sep 2019 08:30 AM PDT The prediction of molecular reactions triggered by light is to date extremely time-consuming and therefore costly. A team has now presented a method using artificial neural networks that drastically accelerates the simulation of light-induced processes. The method provides new possibilities for a better understanding of biological processes such as the first steps of carcinogenesis or ageing processes of matter. |
Ccrystal structure of DNA-stabilized silver nanocluster Posted: 11 Sep 2019 08:30 AM PDT Nanoclusters are little 'heaps' of a few atoms that often have interesting optical properties and could become useful probes for imaging processes in areas such as biomedicine and diagnostics. Researchers have introduced a nanocluster of 16 silver atoms stabilized by a wrapping of DNA strands. Using X-ray analysis, they were able to determine the crystal structure and identify important interactions within it. |
A smart artificial hand for amputees merges user and robotic control Posted: 11 Sep 2019 08:30 AM PDT Scientists have successfully tested new neuroprosthetic technology that combines robotic control with users' voluntary control, opening avenues in the new interdisciplinary field of shared control for neuroprosthetic technologies. |
Discovering biological mechanisms enabling pianists to achieve skillful fingering Posted: 11 Sep 2019 07:15 AM PDT Researchers discovered a sensorimotor function integration mechanism that enables the skillful fingering of pianists. The group developed a system to produce tactile and proprioceptive sensation in the fingers with an electric current stimulator and an exoskeletal robot hand and developed an assessment system that evaluated the processing of each neural information in the cerebral cortex using electroencephalogram measurements and transcranial magnetic stimulation. |
How much photovoltaics (PV) would be needed to power the world sustainably? Posted: 11 Sep 2019 07:15 AM PDT The International Energy Agency has dubbed increased global cooling demand as one of the most critical blind spots in today's energy debate. |
Making stronger glass: The secret strength of gnashing teeth Posted: 11 Sep 2019 06:13 AM PDT There's a method to finite element modeling for materials microarchitecture to make super strong glass. Researchers use complex models to study the breaking point of brittle materials; the secret is found in the grinding of teeth. |
Can a high-tech sniffer help keep us safe? Posted: 11 Sep 2019 05:38 AM PDT Science stinks. So thought Megan Harries as she measured drops of putrescine and cadaverine -- the chemicals that give decomposing corpses their distinctive, terrible odor -- into glass vials. She then placed the vials on the floor, walked outside, and closed the door behind her. Harries was conducting the first field test of a high-tech sniffing device that might be used at ports of entry to quickly and safely screen shipping containers for dangerous or illegal cargo. |
Chameleon inspires 'smart skin' that changes color in the sun Posted: 11 Sep 2019 05:38 AM PDT Chemists used photonic crystals to develop a flexible smart skin that reacts to heat and sunlight while maintaining a near constant volume. |
Flexible solar cells a step closer to reality Posted: 11 Sep 2019 04:41 AM PDT Solar cells that use mixtures of organic molecules to absorb sunlight and convert it to electricity, that can be applied to curved surfaces such as the body of a car, could be a step closer thanks to a discovery that challenges conventional thinking about one of the key components of these devices. |
New method of analyzing networks reveals hidden patterns in data Posted: 10 Sep 2019 12:47 PM PDT A new way of measuring how relationships in a network change over time can reveal important details about the network, according to researchers. For example, when applied to the world economy, the method detected the greatest amount of network change during 2008-2009, the time of the global financial crisis. |
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