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ScienceDaily: Matter & Energy News |
| Posted: 18 Mar 2022 02:05 PM PDT Researchers have discovered a new form of ice, redefining the properties of water at high pressures. |
| Conversion process turns pollution into cash Posted: 18 Mar 2022 01:14 PM PDT Engineers have developed a promising electrochemical system to convert emissions from chemical and power plants into useful products while addressing climate change. |
| Researchers use unique ingredient to strengthen bamboo Posted: 18 Mar 2022 01:14 PM PDT Researchers have adapted a technique -- originally designed to embalm human remains -- to strengthen the properties of biocomposites and make them stronger. With the innovation of new materials and green composites, it is easy to overlook materials like bamboo and other natural fibers, explains one of the researchers. These fibers are now used in many applications such as clothing, the automotive industry, packaging and construction. |
| Artificial intelligence paves the way to discovering new rare-earth compounds Posted: 18 Mar 2022 01:14 PM PDT Artificial intelligence advances how scientists explore materials. Researchers trained a machine-learning (ML) model to assess the stability of rare-earth compounds. The framework they developed builds on current state-of-the-art methods for experimenting with compounds and understanding chemical instabilities. |
| Could we make cars out of petroleum residue? Posted: 18 Mar 2022 01:14 PM PDT Researchers have developed a way to make lightweight fibers, for possible use in the bodies of cars, out of an ultracheap feedstock: the waste material from the refining of petroleum. |
| Researchers develop the world's first power-free frequency tuner using nanomaterials Posted: 18 Mar 2022 10:16 AM PDT Phase-change nanowires could serve as the ultimate tunable frequency synthesizers and filters for the future of IoT and 5G networks. |
| Turning any camera into a polarization camera Posted: 18 Mar 2022 07:49 AM PDT Researchers have developed a metasurface attachment that can turn just about any camera or imaging system, even off-the-shelf systems, into polarization cameras. The attachment uses a metasurface of subwavelength nanopillars to direct light based on its polarization and compiles an image that captures polarization at every pixel. |
| A unified theory of electrochemical energy storage: Bridging batteries and supercapacitors Posted: 18 Mar 2022 07:49 AM PDT An international team of researchers suggests that all electrochemical energy storage mechanisms exist on a spectrum between physical and chemical retention of ions. |
| Electron powers a weak but significant bond for building complex structures Posted: 18 Mar 2022 06:21 AM PDT How do you bring together two molecules that positively repel each other? A research team has developed a simple and versatile solution: Introduce an electron with a jolt of electricity, and resistance between the two is reduced and a bond formed. This fundamentally new type of catalysis will offer chemists and biologists a tool for promoting and controlling molecular recognition and self-assembly, enabling them to build complex structures. |
| New strategy for designing thermoelectric materials Posted: 17 Mar 2022 11:37 AM PDT Scientists have developed a new approach to the design of thermoelectric materials by constructing a database of electronic structure parameters correlated with materials' thermoelectric conversion properties and by a comprehensive analysis of the database. This approach can be used to develop higher performance thermoelectric materials. |
| Making memory serve correctly: Fixing an inherent problem in next-generation magnetic RAM Posted: 17 Mar 2022 11:37 AM PDT SOT-RAM, a promising type of next-generation magnetic memory, could pave the way to ultra-low-power electronics. However, scientists have identified a source of disturbance during the read operation in SOT-RAMs that compromises their reliability. Fortunately, they also found a method to greatly reduce this disturbance by slightly modifying the SOT-RAM structure. Their findings will help make this type of memory faster and more reliable, helping its commercialization for sustainable IoT applications. |
| Engineering an 'invisible cloak' for bacteria to deliver drugs to tumors Posted: 17 Mar 2022 09:03 AM PDT Researchers have genetically engineered a microbial encapsulation system for therapeutic bacteria that can hide them from immune systems, enabling them to reach tumors more effectively and kill cancer cells in mice. |
| Photonic encryption platform in the ultraviolet and visible Posted: 17 Mar 2022 08:19 AM PDT An anticounterfeiting and tampering prevention system using ultraviolet and visible light has been recently proposed. This technology was developed using the metasurface, capable of freely controlling light and anticipated to be applicable in various industries. This study is significant in that it has resolved a long-standing issue for metasurface, which could not be operated in the ultraviolet regime. |
| Moon's orbit proposed as a gravitational wave detector Posted: 17 Mar 2022 06:47 AM PDT Researchers propose using the variations in distance between the Earth and the Moon, which can be measured with a precision of less than a centimeter, as a new gravitational wave detector within a frequency range that current devices cannot detect. The research could pave the way for the detection of signals from the early universe. |
| Public transport: AI assesses resilience of timetables Posted: 17 Mar 2022 06:47 AM PDT A brief traffic jam, a stuck door, or many passengers getting on and off at a stop - even small delays in the timetables of trains and buses can lead to major problems. A new artificial intelligence (AI) could help designing schedules that are less susceptible to those minor disruptions. |
| Novel theory of entropy may solve materials design issues Posted: 16 Mar 2022 02:33 PM PDT A challenge in materials design is that in both natural and humanmade materials, volume sometimes decreases, or increases, with increasing temperature. While there are mechanical explanations for this phenomenon for some specific materials, a general understanding of why this sometimes happens remains lacking. |
| Posted: 16 Mar 2022 10:27 AM PDT Researchers have found a way to improve the ability of catalysts made from metal-metal oxides to convert non-edible plants, such as wood, grass and corn stover into renewable fuels, chemicals and plastics. Metal oxide catalysts are central to reactions for upgrading petrochemicals, fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals and biomass. |
| Scientists devise new technique to increase chip yield from semiconductor wafer Posted: 16 Mar 2022 10:26 AM PDT Scientists have developed a technique to create a highly uniform and scalable semiconductor wafer, paving the way to higher chip yield and more cost-efficient semiconductors. |
| Nuclear reactor power levels can be monitored using seismic and acoustic data Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:50 AM PDT Seismic and acoustic data recorded 50 meters away from a research nuclear reactor could predict whether the reactor was in an on or off state with 98% accuracy, according to a new study. |
| Complex pathways influence time delay in ionization of molecules Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:49 AM PDT Study shows how the mechanism of photoionization can be used to gain insights into complex molecular potentials. |
| Novel 'Trojan horse' drug delivery system uses protein-based microdroplets Posted: 16 Mar 2022 06:17 AM PDT Scientists have developed a novel method of delivering drugs into human cells using large biological molecules, by first encasing them in a protein-based microdroplet. This discovery promises to be faster, safer, more effective, and better suited for gene therapy, cancer treatment, and vaccine delivery. |
| Drug incorporated into silicone coating reduces 'foreign body reaction' to implants Posted: 14 Mar 2022 12:43 PM PDT Long-term use of implantable electronic medical devices -- such as pacemakers and cochlear implants -- is hampered by the body's reaction to foreign bodies. Now, in a study in mice, a team led by scientists has shown that this reaction can be dramatically reduced by incorporating an anti-inflammatory drug into the silicone coating around the implant. |
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