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ScienceDaily: Matter & Energy News |
| Microbes can degrade the toughest PFAS Posted: 23 May 2022 01:28 PM PDT Engineers now report selective breakdown of a particularly stubborn class of PFAS called fluorinated carboxylic acids (FCAs) by common microorganisms. Under anaerobic conditions, a carbon-carbon double bond is crucial for the shattering the ultra-strong carbon-fluorine bond by microbial communities. The resulting products could be relayed to other microorganisms for defluorination under in aerobic conditions. |
| Low-cost gel film can pluck drinking water from desert air Posted: 23 May 2022 01:28 PM PDT Researchers developed a low-cost gel film made of abundant materials that can pull drinkable water from the air in even the driest climates. |
| Charting a safe course through a highly uncertain environment Posted: 23 May 2022 12:06 PM PDT Researchers have developed a trajectory-planning system for autonomous vehicles that enables them to travel from a starting point to a target location safely, even when there are many different uncertainties in the environment, such as unknown variations in the shapes, sizes, and locations of obstacles. |
| Small adaptations, major effect: Researchers study potential of future public transportation Posted: 23 May 2022 12:06 PM PDT Being mobile individually, at any time -- without owning a car: To facilitate this, public transportation authorities cooperate with service providers for new forms of mobility such as bicycle sharing, car sharing, or ridepooling. Researchers have studied how publicly available mobility options in the Karlsruhe region in the future can optimally fulfill the citizens' needs. The result: Widespread availability of pooling and sharing services and improved public transportation will profit both -- and reduce car traffic. |
| Twisted soft robots navigate mazes without human or computer guidance Posted: 23 May 2022 12:06 PM PDT Researchers have developed soft robots that are capable of navigating complex environments, such as mazes, without input from humans or computer software. |
| New CRISPR-combo boosts genome editing power in plants Posted: 23 May 2022 10:50 AM PDT Scientists have developed CRISPR-Combo, a method to edit multiple genes in plants while simultaneously changing the expression of other genes. This new tool will enable genetic engineering combinations that work together to boost functionality and improve breeding of new crops. |
| Diamond mirrors for high-powered lasers Posted: 23 May 2022 09:25 AM PDT Researchers have built a mirror out of one of the strongest materials on the planet: diamond. By etching nanostructures onto the surface of a thin sheet of diamond, the research team built a highly reflective mirror that withstood, without damage, experiments with a 10-kilowatt Navy laser. In the future, the researchers envision these mirrors being used for defense applications, semiconductor manufacturing, industrial manufacturing, and deep space communications. |
| Watching corals breathe: Simultaneously measuring flow and oxygen Posted: 23 May 2022 08:55 AM PDT An international research team has developed tiny particles that measure the oxygen concentration in their surroundings. In this way, they can track fluid flow and oxygen content at the same time -- exciting prospects for many fields of research, from biology to physics. |
| New tech aims to drive down costs of hydrogen fuel Posted: 23 May 2022 08:54 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new technique for extracting hydrogen gas from liquid carriers which is faster, less expensive and more energy efficient than previous approaches. |
| Hydrogen production method opens up clean energy possibilities Posted: 23 May 2022 08:49 AM PDT A new energy-efficient way to produce hydrogen gas from ethanol and water has the potential to make clean hydrogen fuel a more viable alternative for gasoline to power cars. |
| Custom 'headphones' boost atomic radio reception 100-fold Posted: 23 May 2022 07:22 AM PDT Researchers have boosted the sensitivity of their atomic radio receiver a hundredfold by enclosing the small glass cylinder of cesium atoms inside what looks like custom copper 'headphones.' |
| Spinning is key for line-dancing electrons in iron selenide Posted: 23 May 2022 06:33 AM PDT Quantum physicists have answered a puzzling question at the forefront of research into iron-based superconductors: Why do electrons in iron selenide dance to a different tune when they move right and left rather than forward and back? In a new study, the researchers report the discovery of high-energy spin anisotropy that occurs concurrently with electronic nematicity in iron selenide. |
| Charging a green future: Latest advancement in lithium-ion batteries could make them ubiquitous Posted: 19 May 2022 07:38 AM PDT Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) power electric vehicles and electronics. With the prevalence of these set to increase, efforts have been directed towards improving the performance and longevity of LIBs. Now researchers have shown that adding a specific polymer composite binder to the silicon anode of LIBs can improve its structural stability significantly, making it viable for much more powerful, long-lasting LIBs, and changing the future of the technologies it drives. |
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