ScienceDaily: Mind & Brain News |
| Antibiotic use linked to greater risk of heart attack and stroke in women Posted: 24 Apr 2019 05:25 PM PDT Women who take antibiotics over a long period of time are at increased risk of heart attack or stroke, according to research carried out in nearly 36,500 women. |
| Which car crashes cause traumatic brain injury? Posted: 24 Apr 2019 02:26 PM PDT Motor vehicle crashes are one of the most common causes of TBI-related emergency room visits, hospitalizations and deaths. Yet, much of TBI research is focused on military or sports-related injuries. An aerospace and mechanical engineering professor is working to identify the threshold separating car crashes that cause TBIs from those that don't. |
| How 'bad cholesterol' enters artery walls Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:36 PM PDT Researchers have determined how circulating ''bad cholesterol'' enters artery walls to cause the plaque that narrows the blood vessels and leads to heart attacks and strokes. |
| Stroke patients receive different amounts of physical therapy Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:36 PM PDT Medicare-covered stroke patients receive vastly different amounts of physical and occupational therapy during hospital stays despite evidence that such care is strongly associated with positive health outcomes, a new study found. |
| Coal could yield treatment for traumatic injuries Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:36 PM PDT Coal-derived graphene quantum dots, when modified with a polymer, are effective antioxidants. They could lead to a therapy for people who suffer traumatic brain injuries, strokes or heart attacks. |
| Stem cells from hair follicles have potential to repair damaged neurons in mice Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:36 PM PDT A subset of the stem cells in hair follicles have the potential to regenerate the coating that insulates neurons in mice, report scientists. |
| The neurobiology of noshing: Why is it so easy to overeat calorie-rich tasty foods? Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:36 PM PDT When you eat something super tasty, ever wonder why you really don't want to stop even though you know you've eaten enough? Scientists may have found the reason. In lab experiments, They have discovered a specific network of cellular communication emanating from the emotion-processing region of the brain, motivating mice to keep eating tasty food even though their basic energy needs had been met. |
| Synthetic speech generated from brain recordings Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:35 PM PDT A state-of-the-art brain-machine interface created by neuroscientists can generate natural-sounding synthetic speech by using brain activity to control a virtual vocal tract -- an anatomically detailed computer simulation including the lips, jaw, tongue, and larynx. The study was conducted in research participants with intact speech, but the technology could one day restore the voices of people who have lost the ability to speak due to paralysis or neurological damage. |
| First maps of two melatonin receptors essential for sleep Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:35 PM PDT An international team of researchers used an X-ray laser to create the first detailed maps of two melatonin receptors that tell our bodies when to go to sleep or wake up and guide other biological processes. A better understanding of how they work could enable researchers to design better drugs to combat sleep disorders, cancer and type 2 diabetes. |
| Treating addiction: Cryo-EM technology enables the 'impossible' Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:35 PM PDT Scientists used a compound found in a shrub native to Africa to reveal the three major shapes of the serotonin transporter, a protein in the brain linked to anxiety and depression. The discovery opens new avenues for developing medications to treat addiction. |
| New discovery in how mammals sense the cold could lead to new pain relief drugs Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:35 PM PDT Researchers have shown for the first time that mammals detect different intensities of cold using distinct sensory neuron systems, a finding which could lead to the development of new drugs to treat cold pain. |
| A video game aids in research on Alzheimer's disease Posted: 24 Apr 2019 12:35 PM PDT A new study based on data collected from a spatial navigation video game has shown that poor spatial orientation as an indicator can help in early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, even prior to the appearance of any clinical signs. |
| Brain scans on movie watchers reveal how we judge people Posted: 24 Apr 2019 08:29 AM PDT Researchers used brain scans to reveal the biases people feel towards people who are like them, even if they can't see that they are like them. |
| Classroom crowdscience: Students challenged to detect schizophrenia genes Posted: 24 Apr 2019 08:29 AM PDT Teaching big data to future scientists means having them think creatively about ways to harness the terabytes of information available to them. To that end, a systems biologist used his graduate course to host a classroom competition tasking students with detecting genes associated with schizophrenia. The winning technique was quick, flexible, and outperformed previously published methods. |
| Schadenfreude: Your pain is my gain Posted: 24 Apr 2019 07:22 AM PDT If someone in the workplace is mistreated, their colleagues may respond with empathy -- or with schadenfreude. The latter emotion, according to a new study, occurs primarily in highly competitive working environments, when one person's misfortune facilitates another's goals. Even worse, schadenfreude can be contagious. For this reason, it is worth establishing an inclusive working climate and team-based incentives. |
| Growing up in poverty increases diagnoses of psychosis-spectrum mental illnesses Posted: 24 Apr 2019 07:22 AM PDT Growing up in impoverished urban neighborhoods more than doubles your chances over the average person of developing a psychosis-spectrum disorder by the time you reach middle adulthood, according to a new study of nearly 4,000 families who were monitored over 30 years. |
| Posted: 24 Apr 2019 05:34 AM PDT Scientists report that functional olfactory receptors, the sensors that detect odors in the nose, are also present in human taste cells found on the tongue. The findings suggest that interactions between the senses of smell and taste, the primary components of food flavor, may begin on the tongue and not in the brain, as previously thought. |
| New nanomedicine slips through the cracks, reaches brain Posted: 24 Apr 2019 05:34 AM PDT In a recent study in mice, researchers found a way to deliver specific drugs to parts of the body that are exceptionally difficult to access. Their Y-shaped block catiomer (YBC) binds with certain therapeutic materials forming a package 18 nanometers wide. The package is less than one-fifth the size of those produced in previous studies, so can pass through much smaller gaps. This allows YBCs to slip through tight barriers in cancers of the brain or pancreas. |
| Posted: 23 Apr 2019 11:55 AM PDT A new study examined differences in the way girls and boys on the autism spectrum used certain types of words during storytelling. This study found that autistic girls used significantly more 'cognitive process' words such as 'think' and 'know' than autistic boys, despite comparable autism symptom severity. |
| Effectiveness of different forms of nicotine replacement therapy in helping people give up smoking Posted: 23 Apr 2019 10:37 AM PDT New evidence published in the Cochrane Library provides high quality evidence that people who use a combination of nicotine replacement therapies (a patch plus a short acting form, such as gum or lozenge) are more likely to successfully quit smoking than people who use a single form of the medicine. |
| Obesity linked with differences in form and structure of the brain Posted: 23 Apr 2019 10:37 AM PDT Researchers using sophisticated MRI technology have found that higher levels of body fat are associated with differences in the brain's form and structure, including smaller volumes of gray matter, according to a new study. The findings add important information to our understanding of the connection between obesity and negative health consequences such as dementia. |
| New biomarkers associated with 'chemobrain' identified Posted: 23 Apr 2019 10:36 AM PDT Researchers have identified new biomarkers related to the cognitive impairment associated with cancer known as chemobrain. |
| Hidden control architecture of brain networks unveiled Posted: 23 Apr 2019 10:36 AM PDT Researchers have identified the intrinsic control architecture of brain networks. The control properties will contribute to providing a fundamental basis for the exogenous control of brain networks and, therefore, has broad implications in cognitive and clinical neuroscience. |
| Minor sleep loss can put your job at risk, study finds Posted: 23 Apr 2019 10:36 AM PDT Just 16 minutes shaved off your regular sleep routine can dramatically impact job performance the next day. A new study shows that slight dip of sleep causes workers to have poor judgement and fall off-task. |
| Some women could be more susceptible to PTSD than others, according to new study Posted: 23 Apr 2019 10:35 AM PDT Childhood trauma is known to increase the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in adulthood, especially for women, but the biological reasons for this correlation remain largely unknown. In a new study, researchers have proposed a solution to this mystery in the form of a model that could help psychiatrists better understand the far-reaching impacts of early trauma on women, while also clarifying why not all women with traumatic childhoods develop PTSD. |
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