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ScienceDaily: Mind & Brain News |
How breast cancer uses exosomes to metastasize to the brain Posted: 12 Sep 2019 12:34 PM PDT In breast cancer, metastases to the brain often spell a death sentence; many women survive for less than a year after diagnosis. A new study reveals how the cancer is able to cross the blood-brain-barrier: by sending out exosomes that hijack the natural cell process of transcytosis, tricking the cells in the BBB into taking them up. The researchers now hope to identify therapeutic targets that could stop brain metastases from happening. |
Cause of congenital nystagmus found Posted: 12 Sep 2019 11:18 AM PDT Researchers have overturned the long held view that congenital nystagmus, a condition where eyes make repetitive involuntary movements, is a brain disorder by showing that its cause is actually retinal. Deficits in just a few proteins involved in one of the retina's earliest light-signal processing steps result in the eye sending an erroneous movement signal to the brain rhythmically. |
Epilepsy surgery: The earlier the better, overview study shows Posted: 12 Sep 2019 10:07 AM PDT A person with drug resistant epilepsy who gets an early surgical intervention has a better chance of becoming seizure free. This is shown in a systematic review and meta-analysis in which researchers analyzed results from a range of previous studies. They concluded that people with drug resistant epilepsy should, as early as possible, be referred for epilepsy surgery evaluation. |
'Time-outs' at home not associated with long-term negative effects in children Posted: 12 Sep 2019 09:48 AM PDT Researchers find no differences in emotional and behavioral health between kids whose parents reported using time-outs and those who didn't. |
Polysubstance use in young adults -- are there predictable patterns? Posted: 12 Sep 2019 09:15 AM PDT Researchers offer their insights on the non-medical use of prescription drugs among US young adults, exploring patterns and drivers of young adults' non-medical use of prescription drugs -- including prescription sedatives, opioids, or stimulants -- and their association with substance use disorder symptoms at age 35. |
Heterogeneity in the workplace: 'Diversity is very important to us -- but not in my team' Posted: 12 Sep 2019 09:05 AM PDT Diversity in the workplace is highly sought in theory, but often still lacking in practice. A new study shows that people tend to favor diversity for others, but prefer to work with people who are as similar to themselves as possible. |
Exercising at home has a positive effect on Parkinson's patients Posted: 12 Sep 2019 08:24 AM PDT In a large double-blind study, researchers show that patients in the early stages of Parkinson's disease can exercise regularly at home for 6 months. This regular exercise has a positive effect on their motor disability comparable to the effect of conventional Parkinson's medication. |
What multilingual nuns can tell us about dementia Posted: 12 Sep 2019 08:24 AM PDT A strong ability in languages may help reduce the risk of developing dementia, says a new study. The research examined the health outcomes of 325 Roman Catholic nuns who were members of the Sisters of Notre Dame in the United States. The data was drawn from a larger, internationally recognized study examining the Sisters, known as the Nun Study. |
Shifting attention can interfere with our perceptions of reality Posted: 12 Sep 2019 08:18 AM PDT A new study suggests that distractions -- those pesky interruptions that pull us away from our goals -- might change our perception of what's real, making us believe we saw something different from what we actually saw. Even more troubling, the study suggests people might not realize their perception has changed - to the contrary, they might feel great confidence in what they think they saw. |
Repeated periods of poverty accelerate the aging process Posted: 12 Sep 2019 08:18 AM PDT People who have found themselves below the relative poverty threshold four or more times in their adult life age significantly earlier than others. |
How marketers can shape customer sentiment during events Posted: 12 Sep 2019 08:10 AM PDT Marketers' ability to influence user-generated content surrounding customers' brand or firm-related interactions, and its sentiment in particular, may be an un-tapped use of social media in marketing. |
Patients diagnosed with cancer after skipping appointment more likely to die within a year Posted: 12 Sep 2019 07:09 AM PDT Cancer patients who miss an urgent referral appointment for their symptoms are 12% more likely to die within 12 months of diagnosis, a major new study has found. The authors of the study say that more support is needed for patients at risk of non-attendance. |
Drinking tea improves brain health, study suggests Posted: 12 Sep 2019 07:09 AM PDT A recent study revealed that regular tea drinkers have better organized brain regions compared to non-tea drinkers. |
Routine sparring in boxing can affect brain performance Posted: 12 Sep 2019 07:09 AM PDT Routine sparring in boxing can cause short-term impairments in brain-to-muscle communication and decreased memory performance, according to new research. |
Machine learning improves the diagnosis of patients with head and neck cancers Posted: 12 Sep 2019 07:09 AM PDT Researchers have successfully solved a longstanding problem in the diagnosis of head and neck cancers. The researchers used artificial intelligence to develop a new classification method which identifies the primary origins of cancerous tissue based on chemical DNA changes. The potential for introduction into routine medical practice is currently being tested. |
How astrocytes help the brain process information Posted: 12 Sep 2019 07:09 AM PDT New research reveals that noradrenaline plays a key role in how astrocytes -- star-shaped cells in the brain closely associated with neurons -- track distinct information during behavior. The researchers found that astrocytes can integrate information on arousal state and sensory experience. |
Popular mobile games can be used to detect signs of cognitive decline Posted: 12 Sep 2019 06:47 AM PDT New research shows that popular mobile phone games such as Tetris, Candy Crush Saga and Fruit Ninja could provide a new tool to help doctors spot early signs of cognitive decline, some of which may indicate the onset of serious conditions like dementia. |
How relapse happens: Opiates reduce the brain's ability to form, maintain synapses Posted: 12 Sep 2019 05:47 AM PDT Exposure to heroin sharply reduces levels of the protein necessary for developing and maintaining the brain's synapses, a preclinical study has found. |
Discovery concerning the nervous system overturns a previous theory Posted: 12 Sep 2019 05:00 AM PDT It appears that when our nervous system is developing, only the most viable neurons survive, while immature neurons are weeded out and die. The results indicate that the long-standing neurotrophic theory, which states that chance determines which cells will form the nervous system, needs to be revised. |
Advanced MRI brain scan may help predict stroke-related dementia Posted: 12 Sep 2019 05:00 AM PDT An advanced MRI brain scan analysis in patients with stroke-damaged blood vessels helped predict problems with thinking (planning, organizing information and processing speed) and dementia. |
A diabetes drug promotes brain repair -- but it only works in females Posted: 11 Sep 2019 11:28 AM PDT Study finds that the diabetes drug metformin, known to promote brain repair, can also help restore cognitive function in adult mice but only in females and in a way that is dependent on the sex hormone estradiol. |
Strong student-adult relationships lower suicide attempts in high schools Posted: 09 Sep 2019 02:08 PM PDT Study of social networks in 38 high schools shows evidence that clearly identified, competent adult mentors that are connected to many students can help prevent suicide attempts. |
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