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ScienceDaily: Mind & Brain News |
| Brain capital: A new investment approach for late-life well-being Posted: 18 May 2022 01:06 PM PDT Within many societies and cultures around the world, older adults are too often undervalued and underappreciated, according to a new article. This exacerbates many key challenges that older adults may face. It also undermines the many positive aspects of late life that are of value at both an individual and societal level. In the article, 'Investing in Late-Life Brain Capital,' a global team of experts propose a new approach to elevate health and well-being by optimizing late-life brain capital. |
| Both nature and nurture contribute to signatures of socioeconomic status in the brain Posted: 18 May 2022 11:07 AM PDT Researchers found that a person's genetics and the environment in which they live contribute to how socioeconomic status shapes the architecture of the brain. |
| Technique protects privacy when making online recommendations Posted: 18 May 2022 08:38 AM PDT Researchers have developed a novel privacy-preserving protocol that could enable an algorithm that provides recommendations to guarantee a user's personal information remains secure while ensuring recommendation results are accurate. Their technique is so efficient it can run on a smartphone over a very slow network. |
| New ALS 'drug' is more effective than existing ones Posted: 18 May 2022 08:38 AM PDT New preclinical research on the experimental drug, NU-9, to treat ALS shows it is more effective than existing FDA-approved drugs for the disease. More importantly, NU-9 has an enhanced effect when given in combination with those drugs. |
| New weight-loss intervention targets instinctive desire to eat Posted: 18 May 2022 08:38 AM PDT People who are highly responsive to food lost more weight and kept it off using a new weight loss program that targets internal hunger cues and the ability to resist food. |
| New model could improve matches between students and schools Posted: 18 May 2022 07:17 AM PDT Simultaneous and uncoordinated school admissions in situations where students have multiple options can lead to unfilled seats and a lot of stress for families and administrators. To create a fairer, more efficient system, market design researchers created a matchmaking model that draws from game theory, computer science and industrial engineering. |
| Dopamine makes you feel happy, but we probably still have to rewrite the textbooks Posted: 18 May 2022 07:17 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a new piece in the puzzle of the brain's 'feel good' substance, dopamine. According to one of the researchers behind the new study, the discovery may facilitate the development of drugs for i.e. cocaine addiction and ADHD and is most likely to change the general notion of how dopamine is removed from the brain. |
| How the brain changes during depression treatment Posted: 18 May 2022 05:05 AM PDT Researchers have shown what happens to the brain when a person receives a depression treatment known as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). rTMS is a depression treatment typically used when other approaches -- such as medications -- haven't been effective for a patient. By stimulating the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex, rTMS activates several other regions of the brain involved in multiple functions, from managing emotional responses to memory and motor control. |
| New protein structures to aid rational drug design Posted: 17 May 2022 02:02 PM PDT In a major advance for rational drug design, chemists have described several protein structures of a crucial player in cellular processes. The advance could bring new ideas for treatments of diseases such as Alzheimer's, AIDS, cancer and others. |
| Concussion symptoms in children may have multiple underlying causes Posted: 17 May 2022 12:18 PM PDT Different types of brain damage caused by a concussion may lead to similar symptoms in children, according to new research. A new way of studying concussions could help develop future treatments. |
| Statins may provide protection against depression Posted: 17 May 2022 10:07 AM PDT Statins have been hailed as a wonder drug; the cholesterol-lowering drugs have been prescribed to tens of millions of people since their approval in the late 1980s to prevent heart attack and stroke. But the drugs may yet have additional benefits, some research has hinted, including on mental health. Now, a new study examines the influence of statins on emotional bias, a marker for risk of depression. |
| Scientists see signs of traumatic brain injury in headbutting muskox Posted: 17 May 2022 10:07 AM PDT Scientists saw for the first time hallmarks of concussions and other head trauma in the brains of deceased headbutting animals -- muskoxen and bighorn sheep. The results may contradict the commonly-held belief that ramming animals do not suffer brain injuries and support the notion that studies on animals with brains evolutionarily similar to those of humans may help researchers understand and reduce traumatic brain injuries. |
| Protein linked to intellectual disability has complex role Posted: 17 May 2022 08:23 AM PDT Researchers have identified a previously unknown function for the fragile X protein, the loss of which is the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability. The researchers showed that the protein modulates how neurons in the brain's memory center process information, a central part of learning and memory. |
| How is it possible to remember selfless experiences? Posted: 17 May 2022 08:22 AM PDT People who practice intensive meditation report memories of states in which their sense of self dissolves. Is this at all possible? |
| Motivation for sports and school go hand in hand for adolescent athletes Posted: 17 May 2022 08:22 AM PDT Adolescent athletes with high motivation for school also have high motivation for sports. Male students tend to be less interested in school than their female peers, a new study shows. |
| Posted: 17 May 2022 06:48 AM PDT Australia has suffered a significant drop in teenage maths proficiency in the past 20 years -- sliding from 11th in the OECD rankings to 29th place out of 38 countries, prompting widespread debate over potential curriculum changes. One researcher says hand gestures could stop the slide. |
| Posted: 17 May 2022 05:30 AM PDT Several in-hospital treatments and post-discharge therapies for people who have had an intracerebral hemorrhage, or a bleeding stroke, are not as effective as health care professionals once thought. Compression socks or stockings, anti-seizure medicines and steroid treatment are among treatments with uncertain effectiveness. Studies show that minimally invasive surgical procedures may be a useful addition to treating some bleeding strokes. |
| Ultra-powerful brain scanners offer hope for treating cognitive symptoms in Parkinson's disease Posted: 16 May 2022 06:31 PM PDT Ultra-powerful 7T MRI scanners could be used to help identify those patients with Parkinson's disease and similar conditions most likely to benefit from new treatments for previously-untreatable symptoms, say scientists. |
| Stimulating brain circuits promotes neuron growth in adulthood, improving cognition and mood Posted: 16 May 2022 12:02 PM PDT Targeting specific brain cells modulated memory retrieval and altered anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Essentially, scientists boosted the electrical activity between cells in the hypothalamus and the hippocampus to create new neurons -- an important process called neurogenesis. |
| Boost in nerve-growth protein helps explain why running supports brain health Posted: 16 May 2022 10:50 AM PDT Exercise increases levels of a chemical involved in brain cell growth, which bolsters the release of the 'feel good' hormone dopamine, a new study shows. Dopamine is known to play a key role in movement, motivation, and learning. Experts have long understood that regular running raises dopamine activity in the brain and may protect nerve cells from damage. In addition, past research has tied exercise-driven boosts in the dopamine-triggering chemical called brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and in dopamine levels to improvements in learning and memory. However, the precise way these three factors interact has until now remained unclear. |
| Deaths from alcohol use disorder surged during pandemic, study finds Posted: 16 May 2022 09:40 AM PDT Deaths involving alcohol use disorder increased dramatically during the pandemic, according to a new study. The study also found that young adults 25 to 44 years old experienced the steepest upward trend in alcohol use disorder mortality. |
| Ethical challenges in microbiome research Posted: 16 May 2022 09:39 AM PDT A human rights activist and a group of anthropologists and human biologists are casting a critical lens on the way that microbiome research is conducted with Indigenous peoples. |
| Circuit model may explain how deep brain stimulation treats Parkinson's disease symptoms Posted: 16 May 2022 05:17 AM PDT Stimulation of subthalamic nucleus interrupts a cycle of runaway beta-frequency rhythms and restores ability of interneurons to regulate rhythms in the brain's striatum, improving movement, study suggests. |
| Humans may have evolved to show signs of stress to evoke support from others Posted: 15 May 2022 08:32 AM PDT Showing signs of stress could make us more likeable and prompt others to act more positively towards us, according to a new study. |
| Robotic therapy: A new effective treatment for chronic stroke rehabilitation Posted: 11 May 2022 05:57 AM PDT Strokes have a debilitating effect on quality of life; the combination of cognitive and physical effects can be especially devastating. A new study showed that moderate to severe hand and arm paralysis was dramatically improved with the use of robotic therapy, for chronic stroke patients with upper extremity hemiplegia in Japan. |
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