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ScienceDaily: Mind & Brain News |
| Dog-assisted interventions lead to lower stress levels in children Posted: 15 Jun 2022 11:21 AM PDT Dog-assisted interventions can lead to significantly lower stress in children both with and without special needs, according to a new study using salivary cortisol levels. |
| Helping middle school students achieve more Posted: 15 Jun 2022 10:47 AM PDT A new study of intermediate school students in urban California and New York shows promise for underachievers. Researchers found that early intervention with teachers, training students that achievement is malleable and achievable, caused struggling students to flourish and improve their grades. |
| No peers, no beers: Research shows youth substance use declined during the COVID-19 pandemic Posted: 15 Jun 2022 10:08 AM PDT With stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic, youth spent more time at home with family and were more isolated from in-person interaction with peers. Largely due to this social isolation from peers, substance use among youth declined, according to researchers. |
| COVID-19 on the brain: Neurological symptoms persist in majority of long-haulers Posted: 15 Jun 2022 10:08 AM PDT A new study describes the short- and long-term neurological symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and identifies a new group of COVID-19 long-haulers with advanced motor and cognitive symptoms. |
| Posted: 15 Jun 2022 08:32 AM PDT Higher exposure to air pollution is associated with higher functional brain connectivity among several brain regions in preadolescents, while exposure to traffic noise was not, according to a study. The findings also identify the first years of life as the most sensitive period of exposure to air pollution. |
| Opioid use disorder: Flexible treatment at home proves effective Posted: 15 Jun 2022 08:32 AM PDT Initial results of the Canadian OPTIMA study comparing the efficacy of two models of care for treating opioid use disorder have been completed. |
| Opioid analgesic fentanyl may cause autism-like behavior in young mice, study finds Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT A new study reveals that opioid analgesic fentanyl may induce autism-like behaviors in young male and female mice. The findings indicate that reduced expression of the gene Grin2b in the anterior cingulate cortex of the brain following fentanyl treatment accounts for the autism-like behavior in the mice. However, there is no current evidence that fentanyl is associated with a similar effect in humans. The outcomes of the animal study are not an indication to avoid fentanyl in clinical use. |
| Study reveals how epilepsy and migraine drug causes birth defects Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT Valproic acid -- a drug used to treat epilepsy, migraine, and bipolar disorder -- can cause birth defects when taken during pregnancy. Now, a study reveals one reason why: valproic acid (VPA) puts some cells of the developing nervous system into senescence, a kind of halted state that keeps them from growing and dividing correctly. |
| Progress on early detection of Alzheimer's disease Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT As more than 6 million Americans continue living with Alzheimer's disease, a biomedical engineer is reporting the development of a new probe for detection of the protein that is known to be a hallmark of Alzheimer's. The finding could signal a step forward in early detection of the disease. |
| Vitamin D deficiency can lead to dementia Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT Dementia is one of the major causes of disability and dependency among older people worldwide, affecting thinking and behaviors as you age. But what if you could stop this degenerative disease in its tracks? |
| Streamlining stem cells to treat macular degeneration Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT Scientists have tested and confirmed a protocol for growing human embryonic stem cells into retina cells to treat eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration. |
| Pre-school play with friends lowers risk of mental health problems later Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT Children who learn to play well with others at pre-school age tend to enjoy better mental health as they get older, new research shows. The study provides the first clear evidence that the ability to play with peers has a protective effect on mental health. Researchers analysed data from almost 1,700 children at ages three and seven. Those with better peer play ability at age three consistently showed fewer signs of poor mental health four years later. Significantly, this protective link between peer play and mental health held true even for sub-groups of children who were particularly at risk of mental health problems. The findings suggest that giving young children who might be vulnerable to mental health issues access to well-supported opportunities to play with peers -- for example, at playgroups run by early years specialists -- could be a way to significantly benefit their long-term mental health. |
| Age 40 is when busy Americans get the least sleep Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT A graph of how long Americans sleep forms a U-shaped pattern across our lives, with age 40 being the low point and hours of sleep starting to creep back up about age 50, investigators report. |
| Brain signal irregularity may provide clues to understanding epileptic process Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Researchers propose a new method to differentiate signals from the epileptic focus from those recorded in other parts of the brain without the presence of an epileptic seizure. This technique may help detect epilepsy-induced features from these signals much quicker than conventional analysis techniques. |
| Suicide rates didn't increase during pandemic, study finds Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Many people, including mental health experts, anticipated a dramatic increase in suicide rates following the outbreak of COVID-19. But in fact, this has not been the case and most of the research published in scientific journals points to either no change or a decrease in rates of suicide following the pandemic, according to a new study. |
| Stress accelerates immune aging, study finds Posted: 13 Jun 2022 12:06 PM PDT Stress -- in the form of traumatic events, job strain, everyday stressors and discrimination -- accelerates aging of the immune system, potentially increasing a person's risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease and illness from infections such as COVID-19, according to a new study. The research could help explain disparities in age-related health, including the unequal toll of the pandemic, and identify possible points for intervention. |
| Researchers demonstrate near-non-invasive In-vivo imaging in mouse cortex at an unprecedented depth Posted: 13 Jun 2022 09:45 AM PDT A research team has demonstrated in-vivo imaging of fine neuronal structures in mouse cortex through the intact skull at an unprecedented depth of 750 µm below pia, making high-resolution microscopy in cortex near non-invasive and measurably facilitating the study of the living brain. |
| Neuroscientists find new factors behind better vision Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:21 AM PDT The size of our primary visual cortex and the amount of brain tissue we have dedicated to processing visual information at certain locations of visual space can predict how well we can see, a team of neuroscientists has discovered. |
| Researchers identify a brain circuit for addiction remission Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:20 AM PDT In the United States, substance use disorders are a leading cause of death among young people. Treatments such as deep brain stimulation hold promise for helping people overcome addiction, but many questions remain about what brain areas should be targeted. Researchers are gaining new insights from patients who are no longer addicted to nicotine after experiencing a brain lesion, such as a stroke. Using a new technique known as lesion network mapping, researchers have mapped addiction remission to entire brain circuits rather than specific brain regions, pointing to new targets for treatment. |
| Recent study indicates high prevalence of recently defined non-Alzheimer's dementia Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:14 AM PDT Medical researchers have completed a definitive assessment of the prevalence of a form of dementia classified in 2019 and now known as LATE. The results show that the prevalence of brain changes from LATE may be roughly 40% in older adults and as high as 50% in people with Alzheimer's disease. |
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