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- Study tracks severe bleaching events on a Pacific coral reef over past century
- Social media use increases depression and loneliness, study finds
- Creating better devices: The etch stops here
- Millions in danger of food insecurity due to severe Caribbean droughts
- Anopheles mosquitoes could spread Mayaro virus in US, other diverse regions
- Materials scientist creates fabric alternative to batteries for wearable devices
- Tiny footprints, big discovery: Reptile tracks oldest ever found in Grand Canyon
- Navigating our thoughts: Fundamental principles of thinking
- Warming waters caused rapid -- and opposite -- shifts in connected marine communities
- How many calories do you burn? It depends on time of day
- Ancient DNA evidence reveals two unknown migrations from North to South America
- Harvesting renewable energy from the sun and outer space at the same time
- Watch a 3D-engineered human heart tissue beat
- Brain signature of depressed mood unveiled in new study
- History of early settlement and survival in Andean highlands revealed by ancient genomes
- Decline in shorebirds linked to climate change, experts warn
- Can't sleep? Fruit flies and energy drinks offer new clues
- See-through film rejects 70 percent of incoming solar heat
- DNA of world's oldest natural mummy unlocks secrets of Ice Age tribes in the Americas
- Brain activity pattern may be early sign of schizophrenia
- Replaying the tape of life: Is it possible?
- Healing kidneys with nanotechnology
- Genetic 'whodunnit' for cancer gene solved
- A burst of 'synchronous' light
- Bees on the brink
- Self-assembling protein filaments designed and built from scratch
- Ancient child's tooth reveals picture of Alaska's early inhabitants
- Culture may explain why brains have become bigger
- What could cause the Mississippi Bight to become hypoxic?
- Yellowstone streams recovering thanks to wolf reintroduction
- Unique study shows how bats maneuver
- Aging a flock of stars in the Wild Duck Cluster
- The secret behind coral reef diversity? Time, lots of time
- Orangutans spontaneously bend straight wires into hooks to fish for food
- Sensory neurons can be used to discover therapies for ALS
- Traditional glaucoma test can miss severity of disease
- Factors affecting turbulence scaling
- Pore size alone does not matter when biological nanopores act as sugar chain biosensors
- New marker provides insights into the development of type 2 diabetes
- Species' longevity depends on brain cell numbers
- A major role for a small organ in the immune response during pregnancy
- Scientists opening up access to science through DIY equipment
- Blue light can reduce blood pressure, study suggests
- Metallic nanocatalysts imitate the structure of enzymes
- Some of retina's light-sensing cells may have ancient roots
- Rushing kids to specialize in one sport may not be best path to success
- New ranking method could help hotels to maximize their revenue
- Air pollution is associated with increased emergency department visits for heart and lung disease
- What do metastatic cancer cells have in common with sharks?
- Biomimetics: The chemical tricks of our blood
- Novel strategy appears to protect retina when disease reduces oxygen
- Florida monarch butterfly populations have dropped 80 percent since 2005
- Study calls for sugar tax
- Cell behavior, once shrouded in mystery, is revealed in new light
- Biodiversity draws the ecotourism crowd
- Combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy effective in Phase II leukemia study
- Body clock researchers prevent liver cancer growth in mice
| Study tracks severe bleaching events on a Pacific coral reef over past century Posted: 08 Nov 2018 01:43 PM PST A new study has uncovered the history of bleaching on a reef in the epicenter of El Nino, revealing how some corals have been able to return after facing extreme conditions.  |
| Social media use increases depression and loneliness, study finds Posted: 08 Nov 2018 01:43 PM PST Facebook, Snapchat, and Instagram may not be great for personal well-being. The first experimental study examining use of multiple platforms shows a causal link between time spent on these social media and increased depression and loneliness. |
| Creating better devices: The etch stops here Posted: 08 Nov 2018 01:43 PM PST Researchers have discovered a new, more precise method to create nanoscale-size electromechanical devices. |
| Millions in danger of food insecurity due to severe Caribbean droughts Posted: 08 Nov 2018 01:43 PM PST Climate change is impacting the Caribbean, with millions facing increasing food insecurity and decreasing freshwater availability as droughts become more likely across the region, according to new research. |
| Anopheles mosquitoes could spread Mayaro virus in US, other diverse regions Posted: 08 Nov 2018 01:43 PM PST Mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles are well known as primary vectors of malaria. But a new study suggests that Anopheles species, including some found in the United States, also are capable of carrying and transmitting an emerging pathogen, Mayaro virus, which has caused outbreaks of disease in South America and the Caribbean. |
| Materials scientist creates fabric alternative to batteries for wearable devices Posted: 08 Nov 2018 01:42 PM PST A major factor holding back development of wearable biosensors for health monitoring is the lack of a lightweight, long-lasting power supply. Now scientists report that they have developed a method for making a charge-storing system that is easily integrated into clothing for 'embroidering a charge-storing pattern onto any garment.' |
| Tiny footprints, big discovery: Reptile tracks oldest ever found in Grand Canyon Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST Geologists have discovered that a set of 28 footprints left behind by a reptile-like creature 310 million years ago are the oldest ever to be found in Grand Canyon National Park. |
| Navigating our thoughts: Fundamental principles of thinking Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST Humans think using their brain's navigation system: Researchers combine individual threads of evidence to form a theory of human thinking. |
| Warming waters caused rapid -- and opposite -- shifts in connected marine communities Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST Two connected marine ecosystems -- the Eastern English Channel and Southern North Sea -- experienced big and opposite changes in their fish communities over a 30-year period. Rapid warming drove smaller ocean fishes to shift abruptly northward from one ecosystem to the other. |
| How many calories do you burn? It depends on time of day Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST Researchers have made the surprising discovery that the number of calories people burn while at rest changes with the time of day. When at rest, people burn 10 percent more calories in the late afternoon and early evening than in the early morning hours. |
| Ancient DNA evidence reveals two unknown migrations from North to South America Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST A team has used genome-wide ancient DNA data to revise Central and South American history. Their analysis of DNA from 49 individuals spanning about 10,000 years in Belize, Brazil, the Central Andes, and southern South America has concluded that the majority of Central and South American ancestry arrived from at least three different streams of people entering from North America, all arising from one ancestral lineage of migrants who crossed the Bering Strait. |
| Harvesting renewable energy from the sun and outer space at the same time Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST Scientists have demonstrated for the first time that heat from the sun and coldness from outer space can be collected simultaneously with a single device. Their research suggests that devices for harvesting solar and space energy will not compete for land space and can actually help each other function more efficiently. |
| Watch a 3D-engineered human heart tissue beat Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST Researchers have developed a way to grow human heart tissue that can serve as a model for the upper chambers of the heart, known as the atria. The tissue, derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPCSs), beats, expresses genes, and responds to drugs in a manner similar to a real human atrium. The model may be useful for evaluating disease mechanisms and drugs for atrial fibrillation -- the most common type of arrhythmia. |
| Brain signature of depressed mood unveiled in new study Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST New research has identified a common pattern of brain activity that may be behind low mood feelings, particularly in people who have a tendency towards anxiety. The newly discovered network is a significant advance in research on the neurobiology of mood, and could serve as a biomarker to help scientists developing new therapies to help people with mood disorders such as depression. |
| History of early settlement and survival in Andean highlands revealed by ancient genomes Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST A multi-center study of the genetic remains of people who settled thousands of years ago in the Andes Mountains of South America reveals a complex picture of human adaptation from early settlement, to a split about 9,000 years ago between high and lowland populations, to the devastating exposure to European disease in the 16th-century colonial period. |
| Decline in shorebirds linked to climate change, experts warn Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:24 AM PST Researchers have discovered that daily nest predation of shorebirds has increased threefold over the last 70 years. The data suggest the larger increase in the Arctic relative to the tropics indicates a link to climate change. |
| Can't sleep? Fruit flies and energy drinks offer new clues Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:23 AM PST Like humans, fruit flies are active during the day, sleep at night and have similar sleep characteristics. A study has discovered a new gene and uncovered a mechanism that modulates sleep by controlling the movement of taurine -- a common ingredient found in many energy drinks -- into neuron cells of the fly brain. Taurine also is abundant in the human brain and is consistently elevated in blood and urine of sleep-deprived people. |
| See-through film rejects 70 percent of incoming solar heat Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:23 AM PST Engineers have developed a heat-rejecting film that could be applied to a building's windows to reflect up to 70 percent of the sun's incoming heat. The film is able to remain highly transparent below 32 degrees Celsius, or 89 degrees Fahrenheit. They estimate that if every exterior-facing window in a building were covered in this film, the building's air conditioning and energy costs could drop by 10 percent. |
| DNA of world's oldest natural mummy unlocks secrets of Ice Age tribes in the Americas Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:23 AM PST A wide ranging international study that genetically analysed the DNA of a series of famous and controversial ancient remains across North and South America has discovered that the Spirit Cave remains -- the world's oldest natural mummy - was a Native American. They were also able to dismiss a longstanding theory that a group called Paleoamericans existed in North America before Native Americans. |
| Brain activity pattern may be early sign of schizophrenia Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:23 AM PST Neuroscientists have identified a pattern of brain activity that is correlated with development of schizophrenia, which they say could be used as marker to diagnose the disease earlier. |
| Replaying the tape of life: Is it possible? Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:23 AM PST A new review explores the complexity of evolution's predictability in extraordinary detail. In it, researchers closely examine evidence from a number of empirical studies of evolutionary repeatability and contingency in an effort to fully interrogate ideas about contingency's role in evolution. |
| Healing kidneys with nanotechnology Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:23 AM PST Researchers have developed a new method for treating and preventing acute kidney injury. Their technique involves the use of tiny, self-assembling forms measuring just billionths of a meter in diameter. |
| Genetic 'whodunnit' for cancer gene solved Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:22 AM PST Long thought to suppress cancer by slowing cellular metabolism, the protein complex AMPK also seemed to help some tumors grow, confounding researchers. Now, researchers have solved the long-standing mystery around why AMPK can both hinder and help cancer. |
| A burst of 'synchronous' light Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:22 AM PST Excited photo-emitters can cooperate and radiate simultaneously, a phenomenon called superfluorescence. Researchers have recently been able to create this effect with long-range ordered nanocrystal superlattices. This discovery could enable future developments in LED lighting, quantum sensing, quantum communication and future quantum computing. |
| Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:22 AM PST Using an innovative robotic platform to observe bees' behavior, researchers showed that, following exposure to neonicotinoid pesticides -- the most commonly-used class of pesticides in agriculture -- bees spent less time nursing larvae and were less social that other bees. Additional tests showed that exposure impaired bees ability to warm the nest, and to build insulating wax caps around the colony. |
| Self-assembling protein filaments designed and built from scratch Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:22 AM PST For the first time, scientists have created, from scratch, self-assembling protein filaments built from identical protein subunits that snap together spontaneously to form long, helical, thread-like configurations. Protein filaments are essential components of several structural and moving parts in living cells, as well as many body tissues. Being able to design and build protein filaments could allow for engineering novel materials for nano-electronics or scaffolds for new diagnostic tests. |
| Ancient child's tooth reveals picture of Alaska's early inhabitants Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:22 AM PST Research on a newly rediscovered 9,000-year-old child's tooth has reshaped our understanding of Alaska's ancient people, their genetic background and their diets. The tooth is only the second known remnant of a population of early migrants known as Ancient Beringians. Combined with previous research, the find indicates that Ancient Beringians remained in Alaska for thousands of years after first migrating across the Bering Land Bridge that connected eastern Asia and Alaska. |
| Culture may explain why brains have become bigger Posted: 08 Nov 2018 11:22 AM PST A theory called the cultural brain hypothesis could explain extraordinary increases in brain size in humans and other animals over the last few million years, according to a new study. |
| What could cause the Mississippi Bight to become hypoxic? Posted: 08 Nov 2018 10:41 AM PST A recent article explores aspects of the environmental conditions that can potentially lead to hypoxia in the Mississippi Bight region of the northern Gulf of Mexico. This area extends from Apalachicola in Florida to the Mississippi River Delta. |
| Yellowstone streams recovering thanks to wolf reintroduction Posted: 08 Nov 2018 10:41 AM PST In the first study of its kind, scientists show that the return of large terrestrial carnivores can lead to improved stream structure and function. |
| Unique study shows how bats maneuver Posted: 08 Nov 2018 10:41 AM PST For the first time, researchers have succeeded in directly measuring the aerodynamics of flying animals as they maneuver in the air. Previously, the upstroke of the wings was considered relatively insignificant compared to the powerful downstroke but, in a new study, biologists have observed that it is on the upstroke of the wings that bats often turn. |
| Aging a flock of stars in the Wild Duck Cluster Posted: 08 Nov 2018 10:41 AM PST The way they move belies the true ages of the almost 3,000 stars populating one of the richest star clusters known. Astronomers recently discovered the stars all were born in the same generation, solving a long-standing puzzle about how stars evolve. |
| The secret behind coral reef diversity? Time, lots of time Posted: 08 Nov 2018 10:05 AM PST One of the world's premier diving destinations owes its reputation as a hot spot of marine biodiversity to being undisturbed over millions of years, according to ecologists. The researchers conclude that patterns of high diversity may take tens of millions of years to arise, but can be wiped out in a few years by human impacts. |
| Orangutans spontaneously bend straight wires into hooks to fish for food Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:17 AM PST Cognitive biologists and comparative psychologists have just studied hook tool making in a non-human primate species -- the orangutan. To the researchers' surprise the apes spontaneously manufactured hook tools out of straight wire within the very first trial and in a second task unbent curved wire to make a straight tool. |
| Sensory neurons can be used to discover therapies for ALS Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:17 AM PST Scientists have shown that mutations in specific genes that destroy motor neurons and thereby cause the devastating effects of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis -- also known as ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease -- also attack sensory neurons. The discovery indicates that studying sensory neurons could provide new mechanistic insights to prevent, slow, or even reverse ALS. |
| Traditional glaucoma test can miss severity of disease Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:17 AM PST The most common test for glaucoma can underestimate the severity of the condition by not detecting the presence of central vision loss, also known as macular degeneration, according to a new study. |
| Factors affecting turbulence scaling Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:17 AM PST A new study focuses on hydrodynamic effects of external disturbances on fluids at critical points, including inconsistent turbulence in all directions, or anisotropy, and varying degrees of compressibility. |
| Pore size alone does not matter when biological nanopores act as sugar chain biosensors Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:17 AM PST The effectiveness of nanopore biosensors capable of identifying sugar chains from biological molecules involved in key biological processes also depends on the nanopore's electrical charge and inner pore design. |
| New marker provides insights into the development of type 2 diabetes Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:17 AM PST Small chemical changes in the DNA building blocks, which may be influenceable by lifestyle factors, can reduce the amount of IGFBP2. Researchers now report that these epigenetic changes increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Moreover, people with high blood levels of the binding protein IGFBP2 are less likely to develop this metabolic disorder. The changes in the blood are already detectable a few years prior to the onset of the disease. |
| Species' longevity depends on brain cell numbers Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:00 AM PST Scientists have thought that the main determinant of maximal longevity in warm-blooded animals -- which varies from as little as 2 to as many as 211 years -- is a species' metabolic rate, which is inversely related to body size. It follows that at 2 years of life, small animals with high metabolic rates are already old, but large animals with low metabolic rates are still young. |
| A major role for a small organ in the immune response during pregnancy Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:00 AM PST The immune system of a pregnant woman is altered during pregnancy, but not in the way previously believed, according to a new study. This study shows that the thymus, an organ of the immune system located close to the heart, plays an important role during a normal pregnancy in ensuring that the mother's immune system protects against infection while at the same time tolerating the fetus. |
| Scientists opening up access to science through DIY equipment Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:00 AM PST Scientists have developed a piece of hardware to demonstrate how our brains function, as part of a growing range of equipment which uses DIY and 3D printable models to open up access to science education. |
| Blue light can reduce blood pressure, study suggests Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:00 AM PST Exposure to blue light decreases blood pressure, reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, a new study suggests. |
| Metallic nanocatalysts imitate the structure of enzymes Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:00 AM PST An international team of researchers has transferred certain structural characteristics of natural enzymes, which ensure particularly high catalytic activity, to metallic nanoparticles. The desired chemical reaction thus did not take place at the particle surface as usual, but in channels inside the metal particles -- and with three times higher catalytic activity. |
| Some of retina's light-sensing cells may have ancient roots Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:00 AM PST Scientists say they have identified what may be an ancient light-sensing mechanism in modern mouse retinal cells. |
| Rushing kids to specialize in one sport may not be best path to success Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:00 AM PST It may be tempting for parents or coaches to urge young children to specialize in one sport early on to help maximize their chance at making it to the big leagues, but that might not be the best path to success. |
| New ranking method could help hotels to maximize their revenue Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:00 AM PST Researchers have devised a new method to rank hotels more accurately. |
| Air pollution is associated with increased emergency department visits for heart and lung disease Posted: 08 Nov 2018 08:00 AM PST Outdoor air pollution is a major health threat worldwide. New research found that exposure to certain air pollutants is linked to increased emergency department visits for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. |
| What do metastatic cancer cells have in common with sharks? Posted: 08 Nov 2018 07:59 AM PST In a new study, researchers report that when cancer cells become invasive (metastatic), they start behaving in 'predatory' ways. Metastatic cancer cells differ from their non-metastatic counterparts not only in their genetics, but also in their moving strategy: they spread more rapidly and are more directional than non-invasive cancer cells. |
| Biomimetics: The chemical tricks of our blood Posted: 08 Nov 2018 06:13 AM PST Biomolecules such as hemoglobin or chlorophyll are difficult to study. It is worth investigating similar but simpler structures in the lab. Unexpected behavior has now been found in phthalocyanines, whose molecular ring structure closely resembles the crucial sections of hemoglobin or chlorophyll. Their center can be switched into different states with the help of green light, which affects their chemical behavior. |
| Novel strategy appears to protect retina when disease reduces oxygen Posted: 08 Nov 2018 06:13 AM PST An enzyme known to help our liver get rid of ammonia also appears to be good at protecting our retina, scientists report. |
| Florida monarch butterfly populations have dropped 80 percent since 2005 Posted: 08 Nov 2018 06:12 AM PST A 37-year survey of monarch populations in North Central Florida shows that caterpillars and butterflies have been declining since 1985 and have dropped by 80 percent since 2005. |
| Posted: 08 Nov 2018 06:12 AM PST People who drink sugary beverages are more likely to eat fast food and confectionery and less likely to make healthy dietary choices, new research has found. |
| Cell behavior, once shrouded in mystery, is revealed in new light Posted: 08 Nov 2018 06:12 AM PST Previously, in order to study cell membranes, researchers would often have to freeze samples. The proteins within these samples would not behave like they would in a normal biological environment. Now, using an atomic force microscope, researchers can observe individual proteins in an unfrozen sample -- acting in a normal biological environment. This new observation tool could help scientists better predict how cells will behave when new components are introduced. |
| Biodiversity draws the ecotourism crowd Posted: 08 Nov 2018 06:12 AM PST Nature -- if you support it, ecotourists will come. Managed wisely, both can win. The balancing act of protecting and fostering biodiversity with hordes of tourists in pristine nature parks is a global challenge. There are pathways to having it all -- protected areas with a rich variety of animals and plants and thriving tourism. In fact, the better the biodiversity, the more tourists will visit. What it takes to balance it is careful, holistic conservation strategy. |
| Combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy effective in Phase II leukemia study Posted: 08 Nov 2018 06:12 AM PST A combination of the standard-of-care chemotherapy drug known as azacitidine, with nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, demonstrated an encouraging response rate and overall survival in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia, according to new findings. |
| Body clock researchers prevent liver cancer growth in mice Posted: 08 Nov 2018 06:12 AM PST The body's internal clock could play a critical role in the fight against certain types of liver cancer, according to a recent preclinical study. |
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