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- Defying a 150-year-old rule for phase behavior
- Shape matters for light-activated nanocatalysts
- Undersea earthquakes shake up climate science
- A better informed society can prevent lead poisoning disasters
- Like humans, chimpanzees can suffer for life if orphaned before adulthood
- Connecting the dots on food access
- New design principles for spin-based quantum materials
- Solar storm forecasts for Earth improved with help from the public
- Biologists create new genetic systems to neutralize gene drives
- Engineers produce a fisheye lens that's completely flat
- Mapping the 1.6 billion people who live near forests
- Raids and bloody rituals among ancient steppe nomads
- Glyphosate residue in manure fertilizer decrease strawberry and meadow fescue growth
- Nose's response to odors more than just a simple sum of parts
- Researchers develop simple method to 3D print milk products
- Unverricht-Lundborg disease is more common in Finland than elsewhere in the world
- Promising computer simulations for stellarator plasmas
- How researchers look at the bird brain in action
- VLBA makes first direct distance measurement to magnetar
- Mosquito-borne viruses linked to stroke
- Self-induced ultrafast demagnetization limits the amount of light diffracted from magnetic samples at soft x-ray energies
- Mapping the decision-making pathways in the brain
- Nano-microscope gives first direct observation of the magnetic properties of 2D materials
- Coffee associated with improved survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients
- New high-speed test shows how antibiotics combine to kill bacteria
- Scientists 'scent train' honeybees to boost sunflowers' seed production
- Supercooled water is a stable liquid, scientists show for the first time
- Quizzes improve academic performance
- New mathematical tool can select the best sensors for the job
- 'Cellular compass' guides stem cell division in plants
- Genetic adaptation to climate change is swift in crop pests
- Algorithms uncover cancers' hidden genetic losses and gains
- Shedding light on the development of efficient blue-emitting semiconductors
- Sugar promotes sperm longevity in pig reproductive tract
- Novel mechanism may confer protection against glaucoma
- The brain's memory abilities inspire AI experts in making neural networks less 'forgetful'
- Consumers value difficult decisions over easy choices
- All-optical method sets record for ultrafast high-spatial-resolution imaging: 15 trillion frames per second
- Europe's old-growth forests at risk
- Keys to control the 'driver of cancer's aggressiveness'
| Defying a 150-year-old rule for phase behavior Posted: 18 Sep 2020 03:51 PM PDT Today, researchers are defying a classical theory from American physicist Josiah Willard Gibbs, with proof of a five-phase equilibrium, something that many scholars considered impossible.  |
| Shape matters for light-activated nanocatalysts Posted: 18 Sep 2020 03:51 PM PDT Points matter when designing nanoparticles that drive important chemical reactions using the power of light, according to recent research. |
| Undersea earthquakes shake up climate science Posted: 18 Sep 2020 03:50 PM PDT Sound generated by seismic events on the seabed can be used to determine the temperature of Earth's warming oceans. |
| A better informed society can prevent lead poisoning disasters Posted: 18 Sep 2020 12:45 PM PDT An article address unresolved scientific questions that can help avert future lead poisoning disasters. A better-informed society can prevent such disasters from happening through improved risk assessment, anticipation and management of factors affecting lead release. |
| Like humans, chimpanzees can suffer for life if orphaned before adulthood Posted: 18 Sep 2020 12:45 PM PDT A new study shows that orphaned male chimpanzees are less competitive and have fewer offspring of their own than those who continue to live with their mothers. The remaining puzzle is, what is it that their mothers provide that keeps chimpanzees healthy and competitive? |
| Connecting the dots on food access Posted: 18 Sep 2020 10:59 AM PDT A new study simultaneously examined the preferences of community members and compared those with the community-based programs and resources available to identify the most viable strategies for addressing disparities in healthy food consumption. |
| New design principles for spin-based quantum materials Posted: 18 Sep 2020 09:22 AM PDT A new design criteria for enhancing the spin lifetime of a class of quantum materials could support Internet of Things devices and other resource-intensive technologies. |
| Solar storm forecasts for Earth improved with help from the public Posted: 18 Sep 2020 08:33 AM PDT Scientists used observations recorded by members of the public to increase accuracy of computer model predictions of when harmful CMEs will hit Earth. |
| Biologists create new genetic systems to neutralize gene drives Posted: 18 Sep 2020 08:33 AM PDT Addressing concerns about gene drive releases in the wild, scientists have developed two new genetic systems that halt or eliminate gene drives after release. Created in fruit flies, the e-CHACRs and ERACRs are powerful gene drive control mechanisms that were meticulously developed and tested at the genetic and molecular levels. |
| Engineers produce a fisheye lens that's completely flat Posted: 18 Sep 2020 08:33 AM PDT Engineers have designed a wide-angle lens that is completely flat. It is the first flat fisheye lens to produce crisp, 180-degree panoramic images. |
| Mapping the 1.6 billion people who live near forests Posted: 18 Sep 2020 08:21 AM PDT Global maps of places where people and forests coexist show that an estimated 1.6 billion people live within 5 kilometers of a forest. The assessment, based on data from 2000 and 2012, showed that of these 1.6 billion 'forest-proximate people,' 64.5 percent were located in tropical countries, and 71.3 percent lived in countries classified as low or middle income by the World Bank. |
| Raids and bloody rituals among ancient steppe nomads Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT Traces of violence on 1700 year old skeletons allow researchers to reconstruct warfare and sacrifices of nomads in Siberia. An international and interdisciplinary team of anthropologists, archaeologists and specialists in forensic sciences performed a detailed and revealing analysis of the traumas found on the skeletal remains. |
| Glyphosate residue in manure fertilizer decrease strawberry and meadow fescue growth Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT A new study finds that glyphosate residue from herbicides in manure fertilizer decrease the growth of strawberry and meadow fescue as well as runner production of strawberry. |
| Nose's response to odors more than just a simple sum of parts Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT Based on highly sensitive recordings of neuron activity in the noses of mice, researchers have found that olfactory sensory neurons can exhibit suppression or enhancement of response when odors are mixed, overturning a long-standing view that the response is a simple sum with more complex processing only happening at later stages. |
| Researchers develop simple method to 3D print milk products Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT Additive free, multimaterial 3D printing is achieved for milk-based products without temperature control. |
| Unverricht-Lundborg disease is more common in Finland than elsewhere in the world Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT Based on reported cases, Unverricht-Lundborg disease, also known as progressive myoclonic epilepsy-1A, EPM1, is more common in Finland than anywhere else in the world, a new study finds. |
| Promising computer simulations for stellarator plasmas Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT The turbulence code GENE (Gyrokinetic Electromagnetic Numerical Experiment), has proven to be very useful for the theoretical description of turbulence in the plasma of tokamak-type fusion devices. Extended for the more complex geometry of stellarator-type devices, computer simulations with GENE now indicate a new method to reduce plasma turbulence in stellarator plasmas. This could significantly increase the efficiency of a future fusion power plant. |
| How researchers look at the bird brain in action Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT How do birds make decisions and which brain regions are particularly active when they solve tasks? Researchers are investigating these questions. So far, only anesthetized birds and therefore passive experiments could be examined using the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Thus, the examination of brain processes during active tasks was not possible. Now the researchers have constructed an experimental set-up which allows them to carry out fMRI examinations on awake pigeons and thus also investigate cognitive processes for the first time. |
| VLBA makes first direct distance measurement to magnetar Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT Using the VLBA, astronomers have made the first direct geometric measurement of the distance to a magnetar. This precision measurement to one of the most magnetic objects in the Universe could help scientists determine if such objects are responsible for generating the mysterious Fast Radio Bursts. |
| Mosquito-borne viruses linked to stroke Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT A deadly combination of two mosquito-borne viruses may be a trigger for stroke, new research has found. |
| Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT Free electron X-ray lasers deliver intense ultrashort pulses of x-rays, which can be used to image nanometer-scale objects in a single shot. When the x-ray wavelength is tuned to an electronic resonance, magnetization patterns can be made visible. When using increasingly intense pulses, however, the magnetization image fades away. The mechanism responsible for this loss in resonant magnetic scattering intensity has now been clarified. |
| Mapping the decision-making pathways in the brain Posted: 18 Sep 2020 07:42 AM PDT Scientists have identified a new area of the brain that could be involved in cost-benefit decision-making. |
| Nano-microscope gives first direct observation of the magnetic properties of 2D materials Posted: 18 Sep 2020 06:05 AM PDT Widefield nitrogen-vacancy microscope solves problem of there being no way to tell exactly how strongly magnetic a 2D material was. |
| Coffee associated with improved survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients Posted: 17 Sep 2020 03:12 PM PDT In a large group of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, consumption of a few cups of coffee a day was associated with longer survival and a lower risk of the cancer worsening, researchers report in a new study. |
| New high-speed test shows how antibiotics combine to kill bacteria Posted: 17 Sep 2020 03:12 PM PDT Researchers have developed a new method to determine - rapidly, easily and cheaply - how effective two antibiotics combined can be in stopping bacterial growth. The new method is simple for laboratories to use and can provide greater scope for customizing treatment of bacterial infections. |
| Scientists 'scent train' honeybees to boost sunflowers' seed production Posted: 17 Sep 2020 03:11 PM PDT If you want a dog to hunt something down, it helps to let them sniff an item to pick up the scent. Now, researchers have found that scent training honeybees might work in a similar way -- and that this approach could make bees more efficient in pollinating crops. The findings show that honeybees given food scented with sunflower odors led to a significant increase in sunflower crop production. |
| Supercooled water is a stable liquid, scientists show for the first time Posted: 17 Sep 2020 03:04 PM PDT First-ever measurements provide evidence that extremely cold supercooled water exists in two distinct structures that co-exist and vary in proportion dependent on temperature. |
| Quizzes improve academic performance Posted: 17 Sep 2020 03:04 PM PDT Students who are quizzed over class material at least once a week tend to perform better on midterm and final exams compared to students who did not take quizzes, according to a new meta-analysis. The researchers found in addition to frequency, immediate feedback from instructors also seemed to positively impact student performance. |
| New mathematical tool can select the best sensors for the job Posted: 17 Sep 2020 03:04 PM PDT In the 2019 Boeing 737 Max crash, the recovered black box from the aftermath hinted that a failed pressure sensor may have caused the ill-fated aircraft to nose dive. This incident and others have fueled a larger debate on sensor selection, number and placement to prevent the reoccurrence of such tragedies. Researchers have now developed a comprehensive mathematical framework that can help engineers make informed decisions about which sensors to use. |
| 'Cellular compass' guides stem cell division in plants Posted: 17 Sep 2020 03:04 PM PDT Biologists observing the formation of leaves noticed the nuclei moved in bewildering ways. Further investigation uncovered proteins that act as compasses and motors, guiding the divisions of individual cells to create the overall pattern of the leaf. |
| Genetic adaptation to climate change is swift in crop pests Posted: 17 Sep 2020 03:04 PM PDT By comparing genetic variants differing in the two fly populations, researchers found that polygenic traits led to the quickness of adaptation; many genes, each with very small effects, worked together to determine the rate of development. The research illustrates that crop pests and insect disease vectors with similar biology may rapidly respond to changing climates by a similar genetic mechanism. |
| Algorithms uncover cancers' hidden genetic losses and gains Posted: 17 Sep 2020 03:02 PM PDT Limitations in DNA sequencing technology make it difficult to detect some major mutations often linked to cancer, such as the loss or duplication of parts of chromosomes. Now, methods developed by computer scientists will allow researchers to more accurately identify these mutations in cancerous tissue, yielding a clearer picture of the evolution and spread of tumors than was previously possible. |
| Shedding light on the development of efficient blue-emitting semiconductors Posted: 17 Sep 2020 10:55 AM PDT Scientists have discovered a new alkali copper halide, Cs5Cu3Cl6I2, that emits pure blue light. The combination of the two halide ions, chloride and iodide, gives the material a crystalline structure made of zigzag chains and peculiar properties that result in highly efficient photoluminescence. This novel compound could be readily used to produce relatively inexpensive and eco-friendly white LEDs and reduce the energy used in the generation of everyday artificial light. |
| Sugar promotes sperm longevity in pig reproductive tract Posted: 17 Sep 2020 10:55 AM PDT For many livestock species, artificial insemination (AI) is standard. But it can be tricky to achieve success the first time, thanks to variability in ovulation timing across the herd. A new study identifies a naturally occurring sugar that slows the maturation of sperm in pigs, opening up the possibility of extending sperm storage time within the female reproductive tract and increasing the chances of successful fertilization through AI. |
| Novel mechanism may confer protection against glaucoma Posted: 17 Sep 2020 10:55 AM PDT Researchers provides the first evidence that patients with ocular hypertension may exhibit superior antioxidant protection that promotes resistance to the elevated intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma. |
| The brain's memory abilities inspire AI experts in making neural networks less 'forgetful' Posted: 17 Sep 2020 10:55 AM PDT Artificial intelligence (AI) experts report that they have successfully addressed what they call a 'major, long-standing obstacle to increasing AI capabilities' by drawing inspiration from a human brain memory mechanism known as 'replay.' |
| Consumers value difficult decisions over easy choices Posted: 17 Sep 2020 10:52 AM PDT Researchers found that disfluency, or the difficulty for an individual to process a message, increases people's attitudes toward that message after a time delay. |
| Posted: 17 Sep 2020 09:28 AM PDT Scientists have recently developed an all-optical ultrafast imaging system with high spatial and temporal resolutions, as well as a high frame rate. Because the method is all-optical, it's free from the bottlenecks that arise from scanning with mechanical and electronic components. |
| Europe's old-growth forests at risk Posted: 17 Sep 2020 09:28 AM PDT A new study presents the first comprehensive assessment of the conservation status of primary forests in Europe -- and shows that many of them are not protected and at risk of being destroyed. The researchers conclude that formal conservation of these forests should be a top priority for countries to meet their climate change and biodiversity goals. |
| Keys to control the 'driver of cancer's aggressiveness' Posted: 17 Sep 2020 09:28 AM PDT A dangerous protein named SNAI2 helps cancers metastasize and shields cancer from both the immune system and chemotherapy. Worse, SNAI2 is in a family of proteins that are notoriously hard to fight with drugs. But now researchers have found a way to use the cell's recycling system to control SNAI2, providing a new possibility for treatments. |
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