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| Programming the immune system to supercharge cancer cell therapies Posted: 16 Mar 2022 10:26 AM PDT Scientists have developed a genetic screening platform to identify genes that can enhance immune cells to make them more persistent and increase their ability to eradicate tumor cells. |
| Tiny battery-free devices float in the wind like dandelion seeds Posted: 16 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PDT Inspired by how dandelions use the wind to distribute their seeds, a team has developed a tiny sensor-carrying device that can be blown by the wind as it tumbles toward the ground. |
| New acoustic fabric converts audible sounds into electrical signals Posted: 16 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new acoustic fabric converts audible sounds into electrical signals. They designed a fabric that works like a microphone, converting sound first into mechanical vibrations, then into electrical signals, similarly to how our ears hear. |
| How the brain encodes social rank and 'winning mindset' Posted: 16 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PDT Researchers have made inroads into understanding how the mammalian brain encodes social rank and uses this information to shape behaviors. In mice engaged in a competition, the team discovered, patterns of brain activity differ depending on the social rank of the opposing animal. Moreover, the scientists could use brain readouts to accurately predict which animal would win a food reward -- the victor was not always the more socially dominant animal, but the one more engaged in a 'winning mindset.' |
| For accuracy, brain studies of complex behavior require thousands of people Posted: 16 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PDT Scientists rely on brain-wide association studies to measure brain structure and function -- using brain scans -- and link them to mental illness and other complex behaviors. But a new study shows that most published brain-wide association studies are performed with too few participants to yield reliable findings. |
| Discovery of an immune escape mechanism promoting Listeria infection of the central nervous system Posted: 16 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PDT Some 'hypervirulent' strains of Listeria monocytogenes have a greater capacity to infect the central nervous system. Scientists have discovered a mechanism that enables cells infected with Listeria monocytogenes to escape immune responses. This mechanism provides infected cells circulating in the blood with a higher probability of adhering to and infecting cells of cerebral vessels, thereby enabling bacteria to cross the blood-brain barrier and infect the brain. |
| Toward a quantum computer that calculates molecular energy Posted: 16 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PDT Researchers have developed an algorithm that uses the most quantum bits to date to calculate ground state energy, the lowest-energy state in a quantum mechanical system. The discovery could make it easier to design new materials. |
| How inland and coastal waterways influence climate Posted: 16 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PDT Most global carbon-budgeting efforts assume a linear flow of water from the land to the sea, which ignores the complex interplay between streams, rivers, lakes, groundwater, estuaries, mangroves and more. Climate scientists now detail how carbon is stored and transported through the intricacy of inland and coastal waterways. The work has significant implications for enforcing the carbon calculations that are part of international climate accords. |
| How gut microbes work to tame intestinal inflammation Posted: 16 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PDT Bile acids, well known for their role in dissolving fats and vitamins, are also important players in gut immunity and inflammation because they regulate the activity of key immune cells linked to a range of inflammatory bowel conditions, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, according to new research. |
| 'Self-driving' lab speeds up research, synthesis of energy materials Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:50 AM PDT Researchers have developed and demonstrated a 'self-driving lab' that uses artificial intelligence and fluidic systems to advance our understanding of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals. This self-driving lab can also be used to investigate a broad array of other semiconductor and metallic nanomaterials. |
| New flow battery stores power in simple organic compound Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:50 AM PDT The intermittent supply of green electricity requires large-scale storage to keep our power grids stable. Since normal batteries do not scale very well, the idea of using flow batteries, which store electricity in a fluid is attractive. Scientists have designed a flow battery electrolyte that is cheaper and is based on an organic compound, rather than a metal. |
| Longer, more intense allergy seasons could result from climate change Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:50 AM PDT Allergy seasons are likely to become longer and grow more intense as a result of increasing temperatures caused by humanmade climate change, according to new research. |
| Climate change considerably threatens Europe's beech forests Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:50 AM PDT Beech forests in Europe are severely threatened by climate change, particularly in southern European countries, but also in central Europe. Models project severe beech growth declines over the next 70 years -- ranging from 20 percent to perhaps more than 50 percent depending on the climate change scenario and the region in question. |
| Getting bacteria and yeast to talk to each other, thanks to a 'nanotranslator' Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:50 AM PDT Cells communicate with one another in the language of chemistry, but those from different kingdoms, such as bacteria and yeast, speak dialects virtually unintelligible to the other. By learning how microbes 'talk,' researchers hope to one day manipulate their behavior to protect against disease, for example. Efforts like this are in their infancy, but researchers now describe the first system that enables two unrelated organisms to communicate. |
| Wax-coated sand keeps soil wet longer, improves crop yields in arid regions Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:50 AM PDT Dry, hot regions are difficult places to grow plants because the soil dries out quickly. As a result, farmers in arid and semi-arid regions irrigate their fields with buried networks of irrigation tubing and cover the ground with plastic sheets. But plastic sheets are expensive and create waste. Now, researchers have developed a simple, biodegradable ground cover -- wax-coated sand -- which keeps soil wet and increases crop yields. |
| Ancient ice reveals scores of gigantic volcanic eruptions Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:50 AM PDT Ice cores drilled in Antarctica and Greenland have revealed gigantic volcanic eruptions during the last ice age. Sixty-nine of these were larger than any eruption in modern history. According to the physicists behind the research, these eruptions can teach us about our planet's sensitivity to climate change. |
| Scientists discover how to 3D print testicular cells Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:49 AM PDT Scientists have 3D printed human testicular cells and identified promising early signs of sperm-producing capabilities. The researchers hope the technique will one day offer a solution for people living with presently untreatable forms of male infertility. |
| Stem cell-derived retinal patch is shown to survive two years post-implantation Posted: 16 Mar 2022 08:49 AM PDT A retinal stem cell patch continues to make progress in its bid to secure approval from the Food and Drug Administration. The latest milestone? Results finding that after two years, not only can the implant survive, but also it does not elicit clinically detectable inflammation or signs of immune rejection, even without long-term immunosuppression. |
| Type 1 diabetes can be predicted with epigenetic changes Posted: 16 Mar 2022 07:04 AM PDT Children who develop type 1 diabetes show epigenetic changes in the cells of their immune system before the antibodies of the disease are detected in their blood. The findings of two new studies offer new opportunities to identify the children with the genetic risk for developing diabetes very early on. |
| World’s vulnerable are being polluted in their own homes as they cook Posted: 16 Mar 2022 07:04 AM PDT Three-quarters of kitchens in low-income homes across 12 major global cities are heavily polluted by cooking emissions, according to new research. |
| Bacterial enzyme makes new type of biodegradable polymer Posted: 16 Mar 2022 06:17 AM PDT Strings of sugars called polysaccharides are the most abundant biopolymers on Earth. Because of their versatile and environmentally friendly properties, these molecules could eventually replace some plastics. Now, researchers have identified a previously unknown bacterial enzyme that can make a new type of polysaccharide, which is similar to the biopolymer chitin. The new molecule is biodegradable and could be useful for drug delivery, tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. |
| How grasshopper mouths resemble those of mammals Posted: 16 Mar 2022 06:17 AM PDT Palaeobiologists have identified startling similarities between the mouths of grasshoppers and mammal teeth. |
| Antelope, a Gulf region cultural icon, gets another chance at survival Posted: 16 Mar 2022 06:17 AM PDT The DNA of a vulnerable species, the iconic Arabian Oryx, has been decoded. An international team undertook this project to help ensure the survival of the species, by using the genetic data to inform breeding programs. |
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