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| Muscle biopsy test for biomarker could lead to earlier diagnosis of ALS Posted: 21 Jun 2022 03:45 PM PDT Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive disease of the nervous system. It affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord called motor neurons. Motor neurons control muscle movement and ALS causes them to deteriorate and eventually die. The motor neurons lose the ability to send messages to the muscles in the body, affecting voluntary muscle movements. There have been recent advances in treating ALS, but current treatments can only slow disease progression. That is why it is important to diagnose ALS as early as possible. |
| 2021 heat wave created 'perfect storm' for shellfish die-off Posted: 21 Jun 2022 03:45 PM PDT It's hard to forget the excruciating heat that blanketed the Pacific Northwest in late June 2021. Temperatures in Oregon, Washington and British Columbia soared to well above 100 degrees Fahrenheit, with Seattle setting an all-time heat record of 108 degrees on June 28. A team has now compiled and analyzed hundreds of field observations to produce a comprehensive report of the impacts of the 2021 heat wave on shellfish. |
| Quantum sensor can detect electromagnetic signals of any frequency Posted: 21 Jun 2022 03:44 PM PDT Researchers developed a method to enable quantum sensors to detect any arbitrary frequency, with no loss of their ability to measure nanometer-scale features. Quantum sensors detect the most minute variations in magnetic or electrical fields, but until now they have only been capable of detecting a few specific frequencies, limiting their usefulness. |
| Researchers derive new theory on behavior of new class of materials Posted: 21 Jun 2022 03:44 PM PDT Researchers have derived the governing equations that describe and explain the macroscopic mechanical behavior of elastomers filled with liquid inclusions directly in terms of their microscopic behavior. |
| Plant virus plus immune cell-activating antibody clear colon cancer in mice, prevent recurrence Posted: 21 Jun 2022 03:44 PM PDT A new combination therapy to combat cancer could one day consist of a plant virus and an antibody that activates the immune system's 'natural killer' cells, shows a new study. In mouse models of colon cancer, the combination therapy eliminated all tumors and prevented their recurrence, which in turn resulted in 100% survival. The therapy also increased survival in mouse models of melanoma. |
| What the nose doesn't know helps wildlife: Using olfactory cues to protect vulnerable species Posted: 21 Jun 2022 01:33 PM PDT Behavioral ecologists have discovered a way to harness animals' olfactory ability to protect vulnerable plants and endangered animals. |
| Researchers harness the power of a new solid-state thermal technology Posted: 21 Jun 2022 12:51 PM PDT Researchers have discovered a way to make a versatile thermal conductor, with promise for more energy-efficient electronic devices, green buildings and space exploration. They have demonstrated that a known material used in electronic equipment can now be used as a thermal regulator, too, when it is in a very pure form. This new class of material gives engineers the ability to make thermal conductivity increase or decrease on demand, changing a thermal insulator into a conductor and vice versa. |
| How the brain interprets motion while in motion Posted: 21 Jun 2022 12:51 PM PDT New research provides insights into a neural mechanism involved in how the brain interprets sensory information. The research may have applications for treating brain disorders and designing artificial intelligence. |
| Posted: 21 Jun 2022 12:51 PM PDT Scientists have discovered 15 additional genetic mutations in the KCNK9 gene that cause a neurodevelopmental syndrome. Symptoms of the disorder range from speech and motor impairment to behavioral abnormalities, intellectual disability and distinctive facial features. |
| Relationships are best between people of similar desirability, study finds Posted: 21 Jun 2022 12:51 PM PDT New research found that not only are people who are similarly desirable more likely to enter into a relationship, but they are also more likely to experience success within that relationship. |
| Modern wind turbines can more than compensate for decline in global wind resource Posted: 21 Jun 2022 12:51 PM PDT Wind energy contributes significantly to the energy sector's sustainable, low-CO2 transformation. However, the efficiency of wind turbines depends on available wind resources and the technical characteristics of the turbines. |
| 75% of teens aren't getting recommended daily exercise Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT Three out of every four teens aren't getting enough exercise, and this lack is even more pronounced among female students. But new research suggests improving a school's climate can increase physical activity among adolescents. |
| Study reveals smaller-than-expected percentage of research in psychology is truly multidisciplinary Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT Researchers examined scholarly articles for the years 2008-18 classified as 'Psychology, Multidisciplinary,' finding just 25% of citations referenced research published in fields outside psychology. |
| How tumors make immune cells 'go bad' Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT Investigators have discovered that cancerous tumors called soft-tissue sarcomas produce a protein that switches immune cells from tumor-attacking to tumor-promoting. The study could lead to improved treatments for soft-tissue sarcomas. |
| Robotic lightning bugs take flight Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT Inspired by fireflies, researchers created soft actuators that can emit light in different colors or patterns. These artificial muscles, which control the wings of featherweight flying robots, light up while the robot is in flight, which provides a low-cost way to track the robots and also could enable them to communicate. |
| Pacific whiting skin has anti-aging properties that prevent wrinkles, research suggests Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT The gelatin in the skin of Pacific whiting, an abundant fish on the Pacific Coast of North America, may help prevent skin wrinkling caused by ultraviolet radiation, a new study found. |
| New safe-sleep guidelines aim to reduce infant deaths Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT There are 3,500 sleep-related infant deaths in the United States each year. Many of those deaths are preventable, and the authors of the new guidelines are urging parents to take simple steps to help keep their children safe. |
| Children who had bronchitis linked to adult lung problem Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:18 AM PDT Study into the consequences of childhood infection finds Australian children who had bronchitis at least once before the age of seven were more likely to have lung problems in later life. |
| COVID-19 rebound after taking Paxlovid likely due to insufficient drug exposure, study finds Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:17 AM PDT COVID-19 rebound following Paxlovid treatment likely due to insufficient drug exposure, researchers find after showing rebound patient did not show drug resistance or impaired immunity. |
| Walking gives the brain a 'step-up' in function for some Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:17 AM PDT It has long been thought that when walking is combined with a task -- both suffer. Researchers have now found that this is not always the case. Some young and healthy people improve performance on cognitive tasks while walking by changing the use of neural resources. |
| Robots turn racist and sexist with flawed AI, study finds Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:17 AM PDT A robot operating with a popular Internet-based artificial intelligence system consistently gravitates to men over women, white people over people of color, and jumps to conclusions about peoples' jobs after a glance at their face. The work is believed to be the first to show that robots loaded with an accepted and widely-used model operate with significant gender and racial biases. |
| SeqScreen can reveal 'concerning' DNA Posted: 21 Jun 2022 11:17 AM PDT Computer scientists have developed a program to screen short DNA sequences, whether synthetic or natural, to determine their toxicity. |
| Genetic mutations enable efficient evolution of TB-causing bacteria Posted: 21 Jun 2022 08:47 AM PDT Researchers have identified how the bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB) can evolve rapidly in response to new environments. |
| High vaccination rates blunted Delta variant surge in some US states Posted: 21 Jun 2022 08:47 AM PDT A joint modelling initiative by nine teams predicted the U.S. surge of COVID-19 caused by the Delta variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the summer of 2021, and found vaccination uptake to be critical to limiting transmission. |
| Vitamins, supplements are a 'waste of money' for most Americans Posted: 21 Jun 2022 08:47 AM PDT Scientists say for non-pregnant, otherwise healthy Americans, vitamins are a waste of money because there isn't enough evidence they help prevent cardiovascular disease or cancer. They've written an editorial in support of new recommendations that state there was 'insufficient evidence' that taking multivitamins, paired supplements or single supplements can help prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer in otherwise healthy, non-pregnant adults. |
| Global AFib study finds simple ablation has best outcomes Posted: 21 Jun 2022 08:47 AM PDT Results from one of the largest global studies of atrial fibrillation (AFib) procedures show that the simple approach is usually best when it comes to ablation, a procedure where physicians destroy or ablate cardiac tissue to correct irregular heart rhythms. Researchers found that using advanced image-guided technology to more aggressively target diseased areas of the heart that cause arrythmias didn't lead to better outcomes for patients -- and put some at higher risk of strokes, according to new results. |
| Scientists identify a possible source for Charon's red cap Posted: 21 Jun 2022 07:56 AM PDT Scientists combined data from NASA's New Horizons mission with novel laboratory experiments and exospheric modeling to reveal the likely composition of the red cap on Pluto's moon Charon and how it may have formed. This first-ever description of Charon's dynamic methane atmosphere using new experimental data provides a fascinating glimpse into the origins of this moon's red spot as described in two recent articles. |
| How elliptical craters could shed light on age of Saturn's moons Posted: 21 Jun 2022 07:56 AM PDT A new study describes how unique populations of craters on two of Saturn's moons could help indicate the satellites' age and the conditions of their formation. Using data from NASA's Cassini mission, researchers have surveyed elliptical craters on Saturn's moons Tethys and Dione for this study. |
| Research highlights importance of large wood in streams for land-based animals Posted: 21 Jun 2022 07:56 AM PDT Land managers have invested millions of dollars annually since the 1980s to place large pieces of wood back in streams, owing primarily to its importance for fish habitat. But little is known about how large wood in streams impacts birds and land-based animals. Scientists are beginning to change that with a just-published paper that outlines what they observed from one year of footage from motion-triggered video cameras they set up near multiple large log jams in a creek just west of Corvallis, Oregon. |
| Remote sensing helps track carbon storage in mangroves Posted: 21 Jun 2022 07:56 AM PDT Researchers have developed a model that can estimate the productivity of mangrove forests at large scales. A remote sensing-based productivity model that considered the effects of tidal inundation was developed. Comparisons with carbon measurements from carbon flux towers showed that the model was able to accurately estimate the productivity of mangrove forests in China. The results highlight the potential of this type of model for assessing the capacity of mangrove forests to store carbon. |
| Wildlife--human conflicts could shift with climate change Posted: 21 Jun 2022 07:56 AM PDT Researchers modeled the risk of human -- elephant conflict in Thailand under different climate change scenarios using a risk framework. A spatial shift in the risk of conflict was observed with climate change, with northern areas and higher latitudes showing increasing risk in the future. These results can be used to develop planning strategies in affected communities and increase coexistence awareness. |
| Sensor imperfections are perfect for forensic camera analysis Posted: 21 Jun 2022 07:56 AM PDT In a project aimed at developing intelligent tools to fight child exploitation, computer scientists have developed a system to analyze the noise produced by individual cameras. This information can be used to link a video or an image to a particular camera. |
| Natural mineral hackmanite can change color almost indefinitely enabling numerous applications Posted: 21 Jun 2022 07:56 AM PDT While investigating hackmanite, a natural wonder material, researchers found that it, in addition to two other minerals, can change their color upon exposure to UV radiation repeatedly without wearing out. The results show that the inexpensive hackmanite, which is easy to synthesise, is also an excellent material because of its high durability and applicability for different purposes. |
| A blueprint for life forms on Mars? Posted: 21 Jun 2022 07:56 AM PDT Microbes taken from surface sediment near Lost Hammer Spring, Canada, about 900 km south of the North Pole, could provide a blueprint for the kind of life forms that may once have existed, or may still exist, on Mars. |
| Magnetic superstructures resonate with global 6G developers Posted: 21 Jun 2022 06:14 AM PDT Scientists have detected collective resonance at remarkably high and broad frequency bands. In a magnetic superstructure called a chiral spin soliton lattice (CSL), they found that resonance could occur at such frequencies with small changes in magnetic field strength. The findings suggest CSL-hosting chiral helimagnets as promising materials for future communication technologies. |
| Posted: 21 Jun 2022 06:14 AM PDT A new study reveals that females are 'significantly' more likely to suffer from Long COVID than males and will experience substantially different symptoms. |
| Agriculture emissions pose risks to health and climate Posted: 21 Jun 2022 06:14 AM PDT Environmental engineers determine the economic cost of reactive nitrogen emissions from agriculture, and their significant risks to populations through air pollution and climate change. |
| Vital cell machinery behind the human body's incorporation of selenium observed Posted: 20 Jun 2022 05:49 PM PDT Scientists have determined the process for incorporating selenium -- an essential trace mineral found in soil, water and some foods that increases antioxidant effects in the body -- to 25 specialized proteins, a discovery that could help develop new therapies to treat a multitude of diseases from cancer to diabetes. |
| Posted: 20 Jun 2022 05:49 PM PDT Some people who experience heart failure have less biodiversity in their gut or have elevated gut metabolites, both of which are associated with more hospital visits and greater risk of death, according to a systematic review of research. |
| Science coverage of climate change can change minds Posted: 20 Jun 2022 12:21 PM PDT Science reporting on climate change does lead Americans to adopt more accurate beliefs and support government action on the issue -- but these gains are fragile, a new study suggests. |
| Who benefits from brain training and why? Posted: 20 Jun 2022 09:23 AM PDT If you are skilled at playing puzzles on your smartphone or tablet, what does it say about how fast you learn new puzzles, or, more broadly, how well you can focus, say, in school or at work? Or, in the language of psychologists, does 'near transfer' predict 'far transfer'? A team of psychologists has found that people who show near transfer are more likely to show far transfer. |
| Fifth of global food-related emissions due to transport Posted: 20 Jun 2022 09:23 AM PDT Food transport constitutes 19 percent of food emissions, equivalent to 6 percent of emissions from all sources. High-income countries are responsible for nearly half of these emissions, leading researchers to conclude that among the rich, eating locally should be prioritised. |
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