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| Women's heart attacks are often missed: This gene may help explain why Posted: 23 Jun 2022 03:42 PM PDT Newly identified genes may help explain why women experience different heart disease symptoms than men do, which often leads to misdiagnosing serious problems. |
| Arecibo observatory scientists help unravel surprise asteroid mystery Posted: 23 Jun 2022 03:42 PM PDT Specifications from an asteroid that made headline news in 2019 because it appeared to come out of nowhere and was traveling fast has just been published. |
| Study identifies unique underlying molecular factors driving melanoma development Posted: 23 Jun 2022 03:42 PM PDT A new study reveals important molecular information that could help scientists develop more effective treatment and prevention strategies for a difficult-to-treat form of melanoma skin cancer. |
| Methods from weather forecasting can be adapted to assess risk of COVID-19 exposure Posted: 23 Jun 2022 01:43 PM PDT Engineers can adapt weather forecasting models to give individuals a personalized assessment of their risk of exposure to COVID-19 or other diseases. |
| Posted: 23 Jun 2022 01:43 PM PDT The effects of global climate change already are resulting in the loss of sea ice, accelerated sea level rise, and longer and more intense heat waves, among other threats. Now, a survey of planktonic lipids in the global ocean predicts a temperature-linked decrease in the production of essential omega-3 fatty acids, an important subset of lipid molecules. A significant implication of the survey is that as global warming proceeds, there will be fewer and fewer omega-3 fatty acids produced by plankton at the base of the food web, which will mean less omega-3 fatty acids available for fish and for people. |
| Proactive approaches needed to enable ecosystems to adapt to climate change Posted: 23 Jun 2022 01:43 PM PDT As the need to address climate change becomes increasingly urgent so too does the concurrent need for proactive stewardship of the Earth's rapidly changing biosphere, according to new research. |
| Boron nitride nanotube fibers get real Posted: 23 Jun 2022 12:37 PM PDT Scientists create the first boron nitride nanotube fibers using the custom wet-spinning process they developed to make carbon nanotube fibers. |
| Coastal marsh migration may further fuel climate change Posted: 23 Jun 2022 12:37 PM PDT As rising sea levels cause marshes to move inland in six mid-Atlantic states, coastal habitats will not serve as a carbon sink but instead will release more carbon into the atmosphere, a new modeling study finds. The research raises questions about the persistence of coastal habitats' carbon benefits in the face of sea level rise. |
| Microplastic pollution in Montana's flathead lake Posted: 23 Jun 2022 12:37 PM PDT Scientists have a greater understanding of the amount of microplastics polluting Flathead Lake, the likely sources of these microplastics and what can be done to prevent more from finding their way into the lake's world-renowned pristine water. |
| COVID's Catch-22: The paradox of masking and disease Posted: 23 Jun 2022 12:37 PM PDT Standard infection models for COVID-19 tend to focus only on disease states, overlooking the dynamics of a complex paradox: While masking reduces transmission rates and consequently disease prevalence, the reduction of disease inhibits mask-wearing -- thereby promoting epidemic revival. |
| Smart implants to monitor healing Posted: 23 Jun 2022 12:36 PM PDT Researchers are creating patient-specific 3D-printed smart metamaterial implants that double as sensors to monitor spinal healing. |
| New biomarkers unlock potential for more effective treatment of deadly cancers Posted: 23 Jun 2022 12:36 PM PDT A new study focused on decoding the genetic chaos found in cancer cells reveals novel biomarkers with the potential to improve the development of precision therapies and treatment selection for the deadliest types of cancer. |
| A potentially more effective treatment for HER2 mutant metastatic breast cancer Posted: 23 Jun 2022 11:06 AM PDT Researchers have identified a HER2 mutation that confers therapeutic resistance and promotes metastatic behavior in lobular breast cancer. Importantly, they also showed that the drug poziotinib, which is already approved for other cancer types, reduced tumor growth and multi-organ metastasis in laboratory tests and animal models. A phase II clinical trial is on the works to determine the value of this drug in the treatment of patients with this devastating condition. |
| As US obesity epidemic grows, new study shows who is gaining weight over the last decade Posted: 23 Jun 2022 11:06 AM PDT Research looked at the long-term weight gain of more than 13,800 U.S. adults -- a rare data point unearthed in obesity research. The study shows more than half of American adults gained 5% or more body weight over a 10-year period and more than a third of American adults gained 10% or more body weight. Just under a fifth gained 20% or more body weight. |
| New technology helps reveal inner workings of human genome Posted: 23 Jun 2022 11:06 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new method to assess on a large scale the three-dimensional structure of the human genome, or how the genome folds. The genome is the complete set of genetic instructions, DNA or RNA, enabling an organism to function. |
| Many human genomes shaped by past events that caused sharp dips in the population, study finds Posted: 23 Jun 2022 11:05 AM PDT The genomes of many human populations show evidence of founder events, which occur when a small number of initial members start a new population, and can lead to low genetic diversity as well as increase the risk of certain genetic diseases in the new population. |
| Secrets of aging revealed in largest study on longevity, aging in reptiles and amphibians Posted: 23 Jun 2022 11:05 AM PDT An international team of 114 scientists reports the most comprehensive study of aging and longevity to date of reptiles and amphibians worldwide. Among their many findings, they document for the first time that turtles, crocodilians and salamanders have particularly low aging rates and extended lifespans for their sizes. The team also finds that protective phenotypes, such as the hard shells of most turtle species, contribute to slower aging, and in some cases even 'negligible aging' -- or lack of biological aging. |
| Silence for thought: Special interneuron networks in the human brain Posted: 23 Jun 2022 11:05 AM PDT Scientists map prominent differences in the neural circuits of mice, monkeys, and human. |
| Self-assembled, interlocked threads: Spinning yarn with no machine needed Posted: 23 Jun 2022 11:05 AM PDT Researchers unexpectedly discovered that the ability for spirals to form in nature also happens in some non-biological systems that convert chemical energy into mechanical action -- allowing two-dimensional polymer sheets to rise and rotate in spiral helices without the application of external power. This self-assembly into coherent three-dimensional structures represents the group's latest contribution in the field of soft robotics and chemo-mechanical systems. |
| Ultra-thin film creates vivid 3D images with large field of view Posted: 23 Jun 2022 11:05 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new ultra-thin film that can create detailed 3D images viewable under normal illumination without any special reading devices. The images appear to float on top of the film and can be clearly viewed from all angles. The new imaging film uses a technology known as light-field imaging, which captures the direction and intensity of all rays of light within a scene to create a 3D image. With additional development, the new glass-free approach could be used as a visual security feature or incorporated into virtual or augmented reality devices. |
| Climate changes lead to water imbalance, conflict in Tibetan Plateau Posted: 23 Jun 2022 11:01 AM PDT Climate change is putting an enormous strain on global water resources, and according to researchers, the Tibetan Plateau is suffering from a water imbalance so extreme that it could lead to an increase in international conflicts. |
| Artificial photosynthesis can produce food without sunshine Posted: 23 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT Scientists have found a way to bypass the need for biological photosynthesis altogether and create food independent of sunlight by using artificial photosynthesis. The technology uses a two-step electrocatalytic process to convert carbon dioxide, electricity, and water into acetate. Food-producing organisms then consume acetate in the dark to grow. The hybrid organic-inorganic system could increase the conversion efficiency of sunlight into food, up to 18 times more efficient for some foods. |
| Lipid nanoparticles carry gene-editing cancer drugs past tumor defenses Posted: 23 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT As they grow, solid tumors surround themselves with a thick, hard-to-penetrate wall of molecular defenses. Getting drugs past that barricade is notoriously difficult. Now, scientists have developed nanoparticles that can break down the physical barriers around tumors to reach cancer cells. Once inside, the nanoparticles release their payload: a gene editing system that alters DNA inside the tumor, blocking its growth and activating the immune system. |
| Posted: 23 Jun 2022 08:10 AM PDT Researchers have discovered two important novel aspects of the gene: 1) human genetic background inherited with APOE4 is unique to APOE4 patients and 2) the mechanistic defects due to APOE4 are unique to human cells. |
| Default options facilitate faster carbon offsetting in air travel Posted: 23 Jun 2022 08:10 AM PDT Economists find that many air travelers more readily choose faster, but more expensive carbon offsetting options online if selecting a slower option requires action. However, the readiness to do so decreases as the gap between the most and the least expensive option increases. |
| 'Structural racism' cited in study of breast-biopsy delays Posted: 23 Jun 2022 08:09 AM PDT Black and Asian women are more likely than white women to experience significant delays in getting breast biopsies after a mammogram identifies an abnormality. Moreover, those delays appear to be influenced by screening site-specific factors that may stem from structural racism, according to new research. |
| Stretching of the continents drove ancient global warming event, say scientists Posted: 23 Jun 2022 08:09 AM PDT Scientists have discovered that stretching of the continents is likely to have caused one of the most extreme and abrupt episodes of global warming in Earth history. |
| Listeria-based booster improves vaccine's protection against recurring colon cancer Posted: 23 Jun 2022 06:12 AM PDT New research in mice has paved the way for a Phase I clinical trial and has the potential to transform vaccines against HIV and malaria. |
| ALS may be linked to both the immune and central nervous systems Posted: 22 Jun 2022 12:49 PM PDT The immune system may play a fundamental role along with the central nervous system in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as 'Lou Gehrig's disease,' researchers report. |
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