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ScienceDaily: Plants & Animals News |
New DNA modification 'signature' discovered in zebrafish Posted: 03 Dec 2020 05:05 PM PST Researchers have revealed a previously unknown DNA modification in zebrafish - one of human's distant evolutionary cousins. |
Posted: 03 Dec 2020 02:34 PM PST Pathology reports on more than 50 killer whales stranded over nearly a decade in the northeast Pacific and Hawaii show that orcas face a variety of mortal threats -- many stemming from human interactions. |
Leaf microbiomes are a neighborhood affair in northern forests Posted: 03 Dec 2020 02:34 PM PST Leaf microbiomes of sugar maple trees vary across the species' range, changing in accordance with the types of trees in the surrounding 'neighborhood.' |
Researchers discover life in deep ocean sediments at or above water's boiling point Posted: 03 Dec 2020 11:42 AM PST Biologists found single-celled organisms living in sediments 1180 meters beneath the ocean at temperatures of 120 degrees Celsius. |
Restoring a rudimentary form of vision in the blind Posted: 03 Dec 2020 11:42 AM PST Restoration of vision in blind people through a brain implant is on the verge of becoming reality. Recent discoveries show that newly developed high-resolution implants in the visual cortex make it possible to recognize artificially induced shapes and percepts. |
Tire-related chemical is largely responsible for adult coho salmon deaths in urban streams Posted: 03 Dec 2020 11:42 AM PST Scientists have discovered a chemical that kills coho salmon in urban streams before the fish can spawn. |
The same vision for all primates Posted: 03 Dec 2020 11:41 AM PST Primates process visual information similar to pixels in a digital camera, using small computing units located in their visual cortex. Scientists of the University of Geneva have investigated whether these computational units scale across the large differences in size between primates. The gray mouse lemur is one of the smallest of them and his visual processing units reveals that all primates, independent of their body size, have an equivalent computational units. |
Marine mammals' adaptations to low oxygen offer new perspective on COVID-19 Posted: 03 Dec 2020 11:41 AM PST Humans are vulnerable to rapid damage in a wide range of tissues when oxygen levels drop due to the effects on the lungs and cardiovascular system of infection with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. A new article explores how the diving physiology of marine mammals can help us understand the effects of COVID-19. |
3D protein modeling suggests why COVID-19 infects some animals, but not others Posted: 03 Dec 2020 11:40 AM PST Some animals are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection than others, and new research suggests this may be due to distinctive structural features of a protein found on the surface of animal cells. |
Oral drug blocks SARS-CoV-2 transmission, researchers find Posted: 03 Dec 2020 10:39 AM PST Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection with a new antiviral drug, MK-4482/EIDD-2801 or Molnupiravir, completely suppresses virus transmission within 24 hours, researchers have discovered. |
What makes certain groups more vulnerable to COVID-19? Posted: 03 Dec 2020 10:39 AM PST What makes the elderly and people with underlying conditions more vulnerable to COVID-19? According to a new study, clues can be found in the proteins involved in initiating infection, as the virus binds to host cells of different animals. Greater cellular oxidation with aging and sickness may explain why seniors and people with chronic illness get infected more often and more severely. |
The helix of life: New study shows how 'our' RNA stably binds to artificial nucleic acids Posted: 03 Dec 2020 08:32 AM PST Xeno nucleic acids are essential for the development of nucleic acid-based drugs. To be effective, they need to be able to stably bind to natural RNA (a cellular single-stranded version of the DNA, which is essential for all body processes). However, it is unclear how, if at all, RNA hybridizes with these xeno nucleic acids. A new study sheds light on this mechanism, opening doors to the development of potentially revolutionary nucleic acid-based drugs. |
Blackcurrants are favorable for glucose metabolism Posted: 03 Dec 2020 08:32 AM PST Blackcurrants have a beneficial effect on post-meal glucose response, and the required portion size is much smaller than previously thought, a new study shows. |
Coasts drown as coral reefs collapse under warming and acidification Posted: 03 Dec 2020 08:32 AM PST The coastal protection coral reefs currently provide will start eroding by the end of the century, as the world continues to warm and the oceans acidify. The rate of erosion of calcium carbonate on coral reefs will overtake the rate of accretion on the majority of present-day reefs by the end of the century. |
Medicine-carriers made from human cells can cure lung infections Posted: 03 Dec 2020 06:45 AM PST Scientists used human white blood cell membranes to carry two drugs, an antibiotic and an anti-inflammatory, directly to infected lungs in mice. The nano-sized drug delivery method successfully treated both the bacterial growth and inflammation in the mice's lungs. The study shows a potential new strategy for treating infectious diseases, including COVID-19. |
Amphibian die-offs worsened malaria outbreaks in Central America Posted: 02 Dec 2020 04:27 PM PST The global collapse of frogs and other amphibians due to the amphibian chytrid fungus exacerbated malaria outbreaks in Costa Rica and Panama during the 1990s and 2000s, according to new research. The findings provide the first evidence that amphibian population declines have directly affected human health and show how preserving biodiversity can benefit humans as well as local ecosystems. |
What social distancing does to a fish brain Posted: 02 Dec 2020 04:27 PM PST Researchers have discovered a brain molecule that functions as a 'thermometer' for the presence of others in an animal's environment. Zebrafish 'feel' the presence of others via mechanosensation and water movements -- which turns the brain hormone on. |
Incredible vision in ancient marine creatures drove an evolutionary arms race Posted: 02 Dec 2020 04:27 PM PST Ancient deep sea creatures called radiodonts had incredible vision that likely drove an evolutionary arms race according to new research. |
Microbiota linked to dynamics of human immune system Posted: 30 Nov 2020 10:14 AM PST Researchers have uncovered an important finding about the relationship between the microbiota and the immune system, showing for the first time that the concentration of different types of immune cells in the blood changes in relation to the presence of different bacterial strains in the gut. |
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