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ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
Scientists propose network of imaging centers to drive innovation in biological research Posted: 21 Aug 2019 02:37 PM PDT When sparks fly to innovate new technologies for imaging life at the microscopic scale, often diverse researchers are nudging each other with a kind of collegial one-upmanship. |
Parasite needs chemical (lipid/nutrient) in cat intestines for sex Posted: 21 Aug 2019 02:37 PM PDT Toxoplasma gondii is a microbial parasite that infects humans and but needs cats to complete its full life cycle. New research shows why: the sexual phase of the parasite's life cycle requires linoleic acid, a nutrient/lipid found at uniquely high levels in the felines, because cats lack a key enzyme for breaking it down. |
Understanding the animal brain could help robots wash your dishes Posted: 21 Aug 2019 02:37 PM PDT Neuroscientists show how evolution and animal brains can be a rich source of inspiration for machine learning, especially to help AI tackle some enormously difficult problems, like doing the dishes. |
Shift to more intense rains threatens historic Italian winery Posted: 21 Aug 2019 01:38 PM PDT Wine lovers may appreciate a dry white, but a lack of steady rainfall brought on by a changing climate is threatening a centuries old winemaking tradition in Italy, according to an international team of scientists. |
Scientists probe how distinct liquid organelles in cells are created Posted: 21 Aug 2019 01:38 PM PDT One way biological compounds inside cells stay organized is through membrane-less organelles (MLOs) -- wall-less liquid droplets made from proteins and RNA that clump together and stay separate from the rest of the cellular stew. Scientists report that MLOs may be highly sensitive to the level of divalent cations inside cells. This matters because divalent calcium and magnesium ions aid in cellular signaling and are vital to life. |
Ocean temperatures turbocharge April tornadoes over Great Plains region Posted: 21 Aug 2019 11:27 AM PDT Do climate shifts influence tornados over North America? New research found that Pacific and Atlantic ocean temperatures in April can influence large-scale weather patterns as well as the frequency of tornadoes over the Great Plains region. |
Earliest evidence of artificial cranial deformation in Croatia during 5th-6th century Posted: 21 Aug 2019 11:27 AM PDT People in Croatia during the 5th to 6th centuries may have used cranial modifications to indicate their cultural affiliations, according to a new study. |
Nordic Bronze Age attracted wide variety of migrants to Denmark Posted: 21 Aug 2019 11:27 AM PDT Migration patterns in present-day Denmark shifted at the beginning of the Nordic Bronze Age, according to a new study. Migrants appear to have come from varied and potentially distant locations during a period of unprecedented economic growth in southern Scandinavia in the 2nd millennium BC. |
Can pomegranate juice protect the infant brain? Posted: 21 Aug 2019 11:27 AM PDT In ongoing investigations, clinical researchers are exploring whether pomegranate juice intake during pregnancy can have a protective effect. |
Separate polarization and brightness channels give crabs the edge over predators Posted: 21 Aug 2019 11:27 AM PDT Fiddler crabs see the polarization of light and this gives them the edge when it comes to spotting potentials threats, such as a rival crab or a predator. Now researchers have begun to unravel how this information is processed within the crab's brain. The study has discovered that when detecting approaching objects, fiddler crabs separate polarization and brightness information. |
20-million-year-old skull suggests complex brain evolution in monkeys, apes Posted: 21 Aug 2019 11:27 AM PDT New research on one of the oldest and most complete fossil primate skulls from South America shows instead that the pattern of brain evolution in this group was far more checkered. The study suggests that the brain enlarged repeatedly and independently over the course of anthropoid history. |
Extreme wildfires threaten to turn boreal forests from carbon sinks to carbon sources Posted: 21 Aug 2019 10:52 AM PDT A research team investigated the impact of extreme fires on previously intact carbon stores by studying the soil and vegetation of the boreal forest and how they changed after a record-setting fire season in the Northwest Territories in 2014. They collected 200 soil samples and used radiocarbon dating to estimate the carbon age. They found combustion of legacy carbon in nearly half of the samples taken from young forests (less than 60 years old). |
Cannabis flower is an effective mid-level analgesic medication for pain Posted: 21 Aug 2019 09:55 AM PDT Using the largest database of real-time recordings of the effects of common and commercially available cannabis products in the United States, researchers found strong evidence that cannabis can significantly alleviate pain, with the average user experiencing a three-point drop in pain suffering on a 0-10 point scale immediately following cannabis consumption. |
In cystic fibrosis, lungs feed deadly bacteria Posted: 21 Aug 2019 09:43 AM PDT A steady supply of its favorite food helps a deadly bacterium thrive in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis, according to a new study. |
Why initial UTIs increase susceptibility to further infection Posted: 21 Aug 2019 09:43 AM PDT Researchers have discovered that an initial UTI can set the tone for subsequent infections. In mouse studies, the researchers found that a transient infection triggers a short-lived inflammatory response that rapidly eliminates the bacteria. But a lingering infection leads to persistent inflammation and long-lasting changes to the bladder that prime the immune system to overreact to bacteria the next time, worsening the infection. |
Hush, baby -- the dog is whimpering! Posted: 21 Aug 2019 09:08 AM PDT We are all familiar with the sounds of a cat or dog vying for human attention, and for pet-owners, these sounds are particularly evocative. Dog sounds are especially sad to both cat and dog owners, who actually rate a whimpering dog as sounding as sad as a crying baby. |
Spaceflight consistently affects the gut Posted: 21 Aug 2019 09:05 AM PDT A new study discovered that spaceflight -- both aboard a space shuttle or the International Space Station (ISS) -- has a consistent effect on the gut microbiome. |
Forecasting dusty conditions months in advance Posted: 21 Aug 2019 08:50 AM PDT A researcher has developed an advanced technique for forecasting dusty conditions months before they occur, promising transportation managers, climatologists and people suffering health issues much more time to prepare for dusty conditions. |
New brain map could improve AI algorithms for machine vision Posted: 21 Aug 2019 08:31 AM PDT Neuroscientists have published an updated view on the primate brain's visual system organization. They found that parts of the primate visual system may work differently than previously thought. |
New evidence highlights growing urban water crisis Posted: 21 Aug 2019 08:18 AM PDT New research has found that in 15 major cities in the global south, almost half of all households lack access to piped utility water, affecting more than 50 million people. |
Environmental DNA proves the expansion of invasive crayfish habitats Posted: 21 Aug 2019 07:55 AM PDT Environmental DNA (eDNA) has successfully proven the presence of invasive crayfish in almost all the small streams around Lake Akan in Japan, suggesting that eDNA analysis is an efficient and highly sensitive method to assess the distribution of aquatic organisms. |
What factors influence how antibiotics are accessed and used in less well-off countries Posted: 21 Aug 2019 07:55 AM PDT It is often assumed that people use antibiotics inappropriately because they don't understand enough about the spread of drug resistant superbugs. A new study challenges this view. The study reveals that basic understanding of drug resistance is in fact widespread in Southeast Asia but that higher levels of awareness are linked to higher antibiotic use in the general population. |
Foodborne pathogen sheltered by harmless bacteria that support biofilm formation Posted: 21 Aug 2019 07:14 AM PDT Pathogenic bacteria that stubbornly lurk in some apple-packing facilities may be sheltered and protected by harmless bacteria that are known for their ability to form biofilms, according to researchers. They suggest the discovery could lead to development of alternative foodborne-pathogen-control strategies. |
The mechanism that controls Chinese cabbage flowering Posted: 21 Aug 2019 07:00 AM PDT A research team has succeeded in comprehensively identifying the long noncoding ribonucleic acids (IncRNAs) that are expressed when Chinese cabbage is temporarily exposed to cold temperatures for four weeks. |
Wave climate projections predict risks to Aussie coastlines Posted: 21 Aug 2019 07:00 AM PDT Researchers have mapped out how much waves are likely to change around the globe under climate change and found that if we can limit warming to 2 degrees, signals of wave climate change are likely to stay within the range of natural climate variability. |
Smart sink could help save water Posted: 21 Aug 2019 06:04 AM PDT An experiment with a water-saving 'smart' faucet shows potential for reducing water use. The catch? Unbeknownst to study participants, the faucet's smarts came from its human controller. |
Monitoring CO2 leakage sites on the ocean floor Posted: 21 Aug 2019 05:22 AM PDT Injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) deep below the seabed could be an important strategy for mitigating climate change, according to some experts. However, scientists need a reliable way to monitor such sites for leakage of the greenhouse gas. Now, researchers have studied natural sources of CO2 release off the coast of Italy, using what they learned to develop models that could be applied to future storage sites. |
Urban stormwater could release contaminants to ground, surface waters Posted: 21 Aug 2019 05:22 AM PDT A good rainstorm can make a city feel clean and revitalized. However, the substances that wash off of buildings, streets and sidewalks and down storm drains might not be so refreshing. Now, researchers have analyzed untreated urban stormwater from 50 rainstorms across the US, finding a wide variety of contaminants that could potentially harm aquatic organisms in surface waters and infiltrate ground water. |
Plant protection: Researchers develop new modular vaccination kit Posted: 21 Aug 2019 05:22 AM PDT Simple, fast and flexible: it could become significantly easier to vaccinate plants against viruses in future. Scientists have developed a new method for this purpose. It enables the rapid identification and production of precisely tailored substances that combat different pathogens. |
Disease-carrying mosquitoes push northern limits with time-capsule eggs Posted: 21 Aug 2019 05:22 AM PDT Invasive mosquitoes at the northern limit of their current range are surviving conditions that are colder than those in their native territory. This new evidence of rapid local adaptation could have implications for efforts to control the spread of this invasive species. |
Optimizing fertilizer source and rate to avoid root death Posted: 21 Aug 2019 05:22 AM PDT Fertilizer is used worldwide in farming. It's used to give plants a boost, increasing yield and ultimately farmers' profits. |
Repeated semen exposure promotes host resistance to infection in preclinical HIV model Posted: 21 Aug 2019 05:22 AM PDT Contrary to the long-held view that semen can only act as a way to transmit HIV-1 from men to women, scientists found that frequent and sustained semen exposure can change the characteristics of the circulating and vaginal tissue immune cells that are targets for infection, reducing the susceptibility to a future infection. |
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