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ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
| Why scientists want to solve an underground mystery about where microbes live Posted: 04 Jun 2021 06:35 PM PDT A team of biologists revealed, for the first time, that it is possible to accurately predict the abundance of different species of soil microbes in different parts of the world. |
| Beyond synthetic biology, synthetic ecology boosts health by engineering the environment Posted: 04 Jun 2021 06:35 PM PDT Researchers discovered that providing microbial communities with a broader variety of food sources didn't increase the variety of microbial species within their experiments, but more food did fuel more microbial growth. The team's ultimate goal is to learn how to direct microbiome behavior through environmental molecules like food sources. |
| Fungus creates a fast track for carbon Posted: 04 Jun 2021 06:35 PM PDT New research focused on interactions among microbes in water suggests fungal microparasites play a bigger than expected role in aquatic food webs and the global carbon cycle. |
| Bacteria are connected to how babies experience fear Posted: 04 Jun 2021 10:54 AM PDT Why do some babies react to perceived danger more than others? According to new research part of the answer may be found in a surprising place: an infant's digestive system. |
| Food scientists aim to make plant-based protein tastier and healthier Posted: 04 Jun 2021 10:54 AM PDT As meat-eating continues to increase around the world, food scientists are focusing on ways to create healthier, better-tasting and more sustainable plant-based protein products that mimic meat, fish, milk, cheese and eggs. |
| Genomics-informed decisions can help save species from extinction Posted: 04 Jun 2021 10:54 AM PDT Researchers have shown that harmful mutations present in the DNA play an important - yet neglected - role in the conservation and translocation programs of threatened species. |
| Self-excising designer proteins report isoform expression Posted: 04 Jun 2021 09:27 AM PDT Our proteome is much bigger than our genome because one gene produces several variants of proteins called protein isoforms, whose disbalance is implicated in many diseases. A new bioengineered reporter system now allows for the first time to follow protein isoform expression over time in live cells. The method helps to decipher the underlying regulatory mechanisms and enables screening for potential molecular interventions. |
| Plant competition during climate change Posted: 04 Jun 2021 09:27 AM PDT Researchers show how extreme drought and plant invasion impact ecosystems in the Mediterranean region. |
| A missing antibody molecule may indicate when dengue will become deadly Posted: 04 Jun 2021 09:27 AM PDT The antibody's altered structure helps explain an enduring mystery of dengue -- why only a fraction of those infected will develop severe disease. |
| Salt marshes trap microplastics in their sediments, creating record of human plastic use Posted: 04 Jun 2021 09:25 AM PDT Scientists report that microplastics have been accumulating in salt marshes for decades, creating a historical record of human plastic waste. |
| A new water treatment technology could also help Mars explorers Posted: 04 Jun 2021 09:25 AM PDT A team created a catalyst from molybdenum fertilizer that reduces >99.9% of perchlorate in water and could be used to clean soil on Mars and make oxygen for human explorers. |
| Did heat from impacts on asteroids provide the ingredients for life on Earth? Posted: 04 Jun 2021 09:25 AM PDT A research group has demonstrated that the heat generated by the impact of a small astronomical body could enable aqueous alteration and organic solid formation to occur on the surface of an asteroid. These results have significantly increased the number of prospective astronomical bodies that could have brought water and the origins of life to Earth. |
| Corals tell Arabian Sea story of global warming Posted: 04 Jun 2021 09:24 AM PDT Coral insights into 1,000 years of seasonal changes in the Arabian Sea warn of significant impacts caused by global warming. |
| Ten-fold increase in carbon offset cost predicted Posted: 04 Jun 2021 09:24 AM PDT The cost of offsetting corporate carbon emissions needs to increase ten-fold to drive meaningful climate action, says a landmark report. |
| Arctic sea ice thinning faster than expected Posted: 03 Jun 2021 05:10 PM PDT Sea ice thickness is inferred by measuring the height of the ice above the water, and this measurement is distorted by snow weighing the ice floe down. Scientists adjust for this using a map of snow depth in the Arctic that is decades out of date. In the new study, researchers swapped this map for the results of a new computer model designed to estimate snow depth as it varies year to year. |
| 70-year-old coffee-killing fungus brought back to life to fight the disease Posted: 03 Jun 2021 05:10 PM PDT Researchers have re-animated specimens of a fungus that causes coffee wilt to discover how the disease evolved and how its spread can be prevented. |
| Protect the sea, neglect the people? Social impact of marine conservation schemes revealed Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:13 PM PDT Governments and international organizations are expanding targets to conserve marine spaces to stem the depletion of biodiversity and fish stocks around the globe. A new study demonstrates the wide range of unintended impacts that such conservation efforts have on affected communities. Published today in World Development, the research presents a ground-breaking case study of the Cambodian Koh Sdach Archipelago combined with a cross-country statistical analysis of the impacts of marine conservation across Southeast Asian communities. |
| Which way does the solar wind blow? Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT High performance computers are central to the quest to understand the sun's behavior and its role in space weather events. Scientists are using the Frontera supercomputer to improve the state-of-the-art in space weather forecasting. Researchers described the role of backstreaming pickup ions in the acceleration of charged particles in the universe, which play an important role in space weather. |
| Black bears may play important role in protecting gray fox Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT Bears are known for being devoted and protective of their baby cubs, but research shows that they may also play a significant role in shielding gray fox from predators like coyotes, who compete with the fox for food and space. The research is one of the first studies to show how black bears provide a buffer to allow other, smaller carnivores to safely co-exist. |
| Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT The number of data-transmitting microdevices, for instance in packaging and transport logistics, will increase sharply in the coming years. All these devices need energy, but the amount of batteries would have a major impact on the environment. Empa researchers have developed a biodegradable mini-capacitor that can solve the problem. It consists of carbon, cellulose, glycerin and table salt. And it works reliably. |
| Are wind farms slowing each other down? Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT Many countries promote the expansion of wind farms. However, if these offshore wind farms are set up close to each other, wind energy and hence electricity yield is reduced. A study shows that the losses with increasing offshore wind energy production will be considerable and detectable as large scale pattern of reduced wind speed around wind farms. |
| Nanoscale sensors measure elusive water levels in leaves Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT A breakthrough technology uses nanoscale sensors and fiber optics to measure water status just inside a leaf's surface, providing a tool to greatly advance our understanding of basic plant biology, and opening the door for breeding more drought-resistant crops. |
| Life stage differences shield ecological communities from collapse Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT A new study by ecologists shows that differences between juveniles and adults of the same species are crucial for the stability of complex ecological communities. The research represents a major advance in ecological modeling at a time when biodiversity is declining and species around the world are rapidly going extinct. |
| Linked faults under Salt Lake City may elevate risk of building damage Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT A complex zone of folding and faulting that links two faults underneath downtown Salt Lake City could deform the ground during a large earthquake, according to a new study. |
| CO2 emissions are rebounding, but clean energy revolutions are emerging Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT According to a new article there are encouraging signs in emerging clean energy technology 'niches' -- countries, states or corporations -- that are pioneering decarbonization. |
| Researchers design simulation tool to predict disease, pest spread Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT Researchers have developed a computer simulation tool to predict when and where pests and diseases will attack crops or forests, and also test when to apply pesticides or other management strategies to contain them. |
| Scientists discover function of microbes living in oysters Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:12 PM PDT Scientists have taken the first steps toward understanding the function of microbes that live on and in Eastern oysters, which may have implications for oyster health and the management of oyster reefs and aquaculture facilities. |
| Cultural, belief system data can inform gray wolf recovery efforts in US Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:11 PM PDT The study reveals that Colorado's social environment is far more conducive to wolf recovery than states like Montana and Idaho, which currently have state legislative efforts to reduce wolf populations. |
| Cells reprogrammed to make synthetic polymers; also making them resistant to viruses Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:11 PM PDT Scientists have developed the first cells that can construct artificial polymers from building blocks that are not found in nature, by following instructions the researchers encoded in their genes. The study also found the synthetic genome made the bacteria entirely resistant to infection by viruses. |
| Passing the acid test: New, low-pH system recycles more carbon into valuable products Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:11 PM PDT Engineering researchers have developed an electrochemical system that coverts a greater amount of CO2 into valuable products, such as ethylene and ethanol. These are used in everyday materials, from plastic to Lycra. |
| New technology 'listens' for endangered right whales Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:11 PM PDT Researchers have developed technology that will help to protect North American right whales, one of the world's most endangered marine species. The new techniques can remove unwanted noises from recordings, thereby increasing the reliability of detecting right whales before they reach close proximity to large vessels. This can both protect animals and avoid costly shutdowns of offshore operations. |
| Tipping elements can destabilize each other, leading to climate domino effects Posted: 03 Jun 2021 02:03 PM PDT Under global warming, tipping elements in the Earth system can destabilize each other and eventually lead to climate domino effects. The ice sheets on Greenland and West Antarctica are potential starting points for tipping cascades, a novel network analysis reveals. The Atlantic overturning circulation would then act as a transmitter, and eventually elements like the Amazon rainforest would be impacted. The consequences for people would reach from sea-level rise to biosphere degradation. |
| Polar vortex, winter heat may change bird populations Posted: 03 Jun 2021 01:58 PM PDT Researchers set out to learn how extreme winter cold and heat affected 41 common bird species in eastern North America. They found that individual bird species respond differently to these weather events, and extreme winter heat may lead to longer-term changes in bird populations. |
| Mangrove root model may hold the key to preventing coastal erosion Posted: 03 Jun 2021 08:19 AM PDT How mangrove roots interact with water flow is believed to be a key element in mitigating coastal erosion. Researchers are the first to quantify the optimal mangrove root hydrodynamic with a predictive model, which provides insight into the sediment transport and erosion processes that govern the evolution of the shapes of shorelines. Results can provide useful guidance for coastal managers restoring estuarine mangrove forests or planting mangroves as part of living shoreline stabilization. |
| Scientists make powerful underwater glue inspired by barnacles and mussels Posted: 03 Jun 2021 05:35 AM PDT Scientists replicate the molecular properties of the natural cement used by barnacles and mussels to create a powerful adhesive using silk protein. The new adhesive can work well in both dry and underwater conditions. |
| Bringing order to hydrogen energy devices Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:34 PM PDT Researchers have developed a new approach to speed up hydrogen atoms moving through a crystal lattice structure at lower temperatures. |
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