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ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
| Pathogenic bacteria rendered almost harmless Posted: 21 Jun 2021 05:24 PM PDT By identifying one of the mechanisms regulating the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a research team is proposing a new strategy to combat this bacterium, which is resistant to many common antibiotics. |
| Modeling a circular economy for electronic waste Posted: 21 Jun 2021 02:41 PM PDT New research develops a framework to understand the choices an electronic waste recycler has to make and the role that digital fraud prevention could have in preventing dishonest recycling practices. |
| Civil engineers examine urban cooling strategies using reflective surfaces Posted: 21 Jun 2021 02:41 PM PDT Researchers used a Computational Fluid Dynamics model to find ways to decrease cost and increase usage of cooler surfaces. The paper examined the possibility of applying cooler surfaces to just half the surfaces in a city. |
| Landmark field trials show potential of gene editing Posted: 21 Jun 2021 01:05 PM PDT Field trials investigating healthy compounds in agronomically important brassica crops have underlined the 'immense potential' of gene editing technology, say researchers. |
| Database of vegetation of planet Earth Posted: 21 Jun 2021 01:05 PM PDT It's a treasure trove of data: the global vegetation database 'sPlotOpen' is now freely accessible. It contains balanced, representative data on vegetation from 114 countries and from all climate zones on Earth. |
| COVID-19 dual-antibody therapies effective against variants in animal study Posted: 21 Jun 2021 01:05 PM PDT A new study suggests that many, but not all, COVID-19 therapies made from combinations of two antibodies are effective against a wide range of virus variants. Further, combination therapies appear to prevent the emergence of drug resistance. |
| Universal mechanism of regulation in plant cells discovered Posted: 21 Jun 2021 01:05 PM PDT All plant cells obtain their energy mainly from two organelles they contain - chloroplasts (responsible for photosynthesis) and mitochondria (responsible for the biochemical cycle of respiration that converts sugars into energy). However, a large number of a plant cell's genes in its mitochondria and chloroplasts can develop defects, jeopardising their function. Nevertheless, plant cells evolved an amazing tool called the RNA editosome (a large protein complex) to repair these kinds of errors. It can modify defective messenger RNA that result from defective DNA by transforming (deamination) of certain mRNA nucleotides. |
| New method developed to detect and adjust population structure in genetic summary data Posted: 21 Jun 2021 01:05 PM PDT Researchers announced the development of a new method to increase the utility and equity of large genetic databases. |
| Posted: 21 Jun 2021 01:05 PM PDT The word 'tsunami' brings immediately to mind the havoc that can be wrought by these uniquely powerful waves. The tsunamis we hear about most often are caused by undersea earthquakes, and the waves they generate can travel at speeds of up to 250 miles per hour and reach tens of meters high when they make landfall and break. They can cause massive flooding and rapid widespread devastation in coastal areas, as happened in Southeast Asia in 2004 and in Japan in 2011. |
| Exposure to pollutants, increased free-radical damage speeds up aging Posted: 21 Jun 2021 01:05 PM PDT A new study suggests that unrepaired DNA damage can increase the speed of aging. |
| Computers help researchers find materials to turn solar power into hydrogen Posted: 21 Jun 2021 10:39 AM PDT Researchers report that they have taken a step toward overcoming the challenge of inexpensive hydrogen production by using supercomputers to find materials that could help accelerate hydrogen separation when water is exposed to light, a process called photocatalysis. |
| Engineers create 'seeds' for growing near-perfect 2D perovskite crystals Posted: 21 Jun 2021 10:39 AM PDT Engineers have created microscopic seeds for growing remarkably uniform 2D perovskite crystals that are both stable and highly efficient at harvesting electricity from sunlight. |
| Antibody disease enhancement of COVID-19 does not appear to occur in animal models Posted: 21 Jun 2021 10:39 AM PDT Researchers have demonstrated in mice and monkeys that human antibodies lacked the ability to make SARS-CoV-2 infection worse and, instead, exerted their defensive powers against the infection. The findings help reinforce evidence that antibodies are safe when given as treatments or induced by COVID-19 vaccines. |
| New research unlocks the mystery of New England's beaches Posted: 21 Jun 2021 10:39 AM PDT Until now, the factors governing which beaches slope gradually to the sea and which ones end abruptly in a steep drop-off have been largely unknown. However, new research reveals, with unprecedented detail, how the grain size of beach sand relates to the slope of the beach itself. These new findings are critical to understanding how New England's beaches will respond to both rising sea levels and increased storm activity. |
| There's more to genes than DNA: How Mum and Dad add something extra, just for you Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:38 AM PDT Biologists have discovered 71 new 'imprinted' genes in the mouse genome, a finding that takes them a step closer to unravelling some of the mysteries of epigenetics - an area of science that describes how genes are switched on (and off) in different cells, at different stages in development and adulthood. |
| Scientists develop energy saving technique paving way for a carbon neutral society Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:37 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a method which will allow for faster communication systems and better energy saving electronics. |
| Projections of US high-tide flooding show rapid increases and extreme months Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:37 AM PDT In the mid-2030s, multiple United States coastal regions may see rapid increases in the number of high-tide flooding (HTF) days, according to a new study. The combined effects of sea-level rise and natural fluctuations in tidal range are anticipated to cause tipping points in the frequency of HTF. |
| Targeted therapy could be first line treatment for childhood cancer Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:37 AM PDT Scientists studying a common childhood cancer have made a major breakthrough which could lead to a cure for some youngsters who would not have survived the condition. |
| Adjuvant-free avian influenza vaccines in the works Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:37 AM PDT Researchers develop a new avian influenza vaccine using plant-based recombinant protein. |
| A tapeworm drug against SARS-CoV-2? Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:37 AM PDT Researchers have examined the way in which SARS-CoV-2 reprograms the metabolism of the host cell in order to gain an overall advantage. In their study, the researchers were able to identify four substances which inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in the host cell. |
| Microscopy deep learning predicts viral infections Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:37 AM PDT When viruses infect cells, changes in the cell nucleus occur, and these can be observed through fluorescence microscopy. Using fluorescence images from live cells, researchers have trained an artificial neural network to reliably recognize cells that are infected by adenoviruses or herpes viruses. The procedure also identifies severe acute infections at an early stage. |
| Nrf2: The custodian regulating oxidative stress and immunity against acrylamide toxicity Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:37 AM PDT A study using genetically modified mice shows that a protein called Nrf2 increases the expression of protective genes in the acrylamide-induced toxic response. |
| Cellular mechanisms of early mammary gland development unraveled Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:37 AM PDT A research group used live tissue imaging for the first time to visualize the emergence of the mammary gland. |
| New modeling technique shows greater likelihood, frequency of urban extreme heat events Posted: 21 Jun 2021 09:37 AM PDT This model addresses the fact that most traditional climate models effectively ignore cities entirely, causing them to underestimate the frequency and severity of urban heat waves. Urban areas make up only 2-3% of the earth's land, so their effect on global models is negligible, but more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas, so their impact is significant. |
| Ancient bones provide clues about Kangaroo Island's past and future Posted: 21 Jun 2021 07:42 AM PDT A study of ancient bones on South Australia's Kangaroo Island has provided new information about the Island's past fauna and an insight into how species may live there in the future. |
| Posted: 21 Jun 2021 07:42 AM PDT A research team discovers that silver (Ag)-based antimicrobials can effectively combat antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus by targeting multiple biological pathways via functional disruption of key proteins and can be further exploited to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics as well as to resensitize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics. |
| A bright future: Using visible light to decompose CO2 with high efficiency Posted: 21 Jun 2021 07:42 AM PDT To tackle the challenge of global warming, scientists have been looking into green and sustainable methods of breaking down carbon dioxide in emissions and in the atmosphere. Now, a group of researchers have developed a novel, easy to synthesize composite compound that enables the efficient use of solar energy to reduce carbon dioxide, taking us one step closer to achieving a green economy. |
| Posted: 21 Jun 2021 07:42 AM PDT Scientists have used a compound made from a starch derivative and baking soda to help convert mechanical to electrical energy. The approach is cost-effective and biocompatible, and can help charge low-energy electronics like calculators and watches. |
| New geochemical study confirms cause of end-Permian mass extinction event Posted: 21 Jun 2021 06:46 AM PDT Researchers found a direct link between global dispersion of nickel-rich aerosols, ocean chemistry changes and the end-Permian mass extinction event that took place 251 million years ago. |
| Smaller bodies, longer wings, earlier migrations: Untangling the multiple impacts of climate warming Posted: 21 Jun 2021 05:41 AM PDT When a research team reported last year that North American migratory birds have been getting smaller over the past four decades and that their wings have gotten a bit longer, the scientists wondered if they were seeing the fingerprint of earlier spring migrations. |
| New software for designing sustainable cities Posted: 21 Jun 2021 05:40 AM PDT By 2050, more than 70% of the world's population will live in cities. Researchers have developed software that shows city planners where to invest in nature to improve people's lives and save billions of dollars. |
| Researchers explore microbial ecosystem in search of drugs to fight SARS-CoV-2 Posted: 20 Jun 2021 07:42 AM PDT Researchers have found that certain commensal bacteria that reside in the human intestine produce compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2. |
| mRNA vaccine yields full protection against malaria in mice Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:17 AM PDT Scientists developed an mRNA vaccine that protects against malaria in animal models. Malaria remains a large public health and economic burden worldwide as well as a danger to deployed Service Members. This vaccine uses mRNA accompanied by a lipid nanoparticle to prompt cells to code for circumsporozoite protein, which then triggers an immune response against malaria. The vaccine achieved high levels of protection in mice, encouraging further development for the novel platform. |
| Most cancer cells grown in a dish have little in common with cancer cells in people, research finds Posted: 18 Jun 2021 06:17 AM PDT In a bid to find or refine laboratory research models for cancer that better compare with what happens in living people, scientists report they have developed a new computer-based technique showing that human cancer cells grown in culture dishes are the least genetically similar to their human sources. |
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