ScienceDaily: Top Environment News


How sound reduces pain in mice

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:24 AM PDT

Scientists have identified the neural mechanisms through which sound blunts pain in mice. The findings could inform development of safer methods to treat pain.

Familiarity breeds exempt: Why staph vaccines don't work in humans

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:23 AM PDT

Researchers say they may have found the reason why multiple human clinical trials of staphylococcus vaccines have failed: the bacteria knows us too well.

Toads surprise scientists by climbing trees in UK woodlands

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:21 AM PDT

Volunteers surveying dormice and bats in trees have made the unexpected discovery of over fifty common toads in nest boxes and tree cavities at least 1.5 meters high.

150 southern fin whales observed feeding together

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT

After blue whales, fin whales are the largest whales in the world -- and human beings have hunted both species to near-extinction. After the ban on commercial whaling in 1976, the stocks of these long-lived, but slow-growing creatures are rebounding: researchers have witnessed large groups of up to 150 southern fin whales in their historical feeding areas -- more than has ever been documented before using modern methods. Given these whales' key role in nutrient recycling, other species in the Antarctic ecosystem, like the krill, could also benefit from their rebounding numbers.

Ozone depletion over North Pole produces weather anomalies

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT

Researchers have established that the destruction of ozone over the Arctic in the spring causes abnormal weather throughout the northern hemisphere, with many places being warmer and drier than average -- or too wet.

Research reveals why tackling particle pollution leads to rise in photochemical smog

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT

Researchers have discovered why reducing particle pollution is leading to a rise in photochemical smog in some emerging economies such as India, Africa and China.

The beginning of life: The early embryo is in the driver's seat

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT

One often thinks that the early embryo is fragile and needs support. However, at the earliest stages of development, it has the power to feed the future placenta and instructs the uterus so that it can nest. Using 'blastoids', in vitro embryo models formed with stem cells, scientists have shown that the earliest molecular signals that induce placental development and prepare the uterus come from the embryo itself.

A new giant dinosaur gives insight into why many prehistoric meat-eaters had such tiny arms

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT

An international team has discovered a new big, meat-eating dinosaur, dubbed Meraxes gigas, that provides clues about the evolution and anatomy of predatory dinosaurs such as the Carcharodontosaurus and Tyrannosaurus rex. Meraxes measured around 36 feet from snout to tail tip and weighed approximately 9,000 pounds.

Awash in potential: Wastewater provides early detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:18 AM PDT

Scientists and physicians describe how wastewater sequencing provided dramatic new insights into levels and variants of SARS-CoV-2 on campus and in the broader community -- a key step to public health interventions in advance of COVID-19 case surges.

The importance of elders

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 11:17 AM PDT

In a new paper, researchers challenge the longstanding view that the force of natural selection in humans must decline to zero once reproduction is complete. They assert that a long post-reproductive lifespan is not just due to recent advancements in health and medicine. The secret to our success? Our grandparents.

'You are what you eat,' and now researchers know exactly what you're eating

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 10:36 AM PDT

Researchers describe a new method to identify all of the unidentified molecules derived from food, providing a direct way to link molecules in diet to health outcomes.

How nuclear war would affect earth today

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:09 AM PDT

Russia's invasion of Ukraine has brought the threat of nuclear warfare to the forefront. But how would modern nuclear detonations impact the world today? A new study published today provides stark information on the global impact of nuclear war.

Rheumatic fever and household overcrowding

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:09 AM PDT

Research has uncovered strong evidence that household overcrowding is a major risk factor for acute rheumatic fever and streptococcal infections of the skin.

Climate factors predict future mosquito activity

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:09 AM PDT

Increases in three climate factors -- temperature, rainfall, and ocean warming -- predicted mosquito population growth in Sri Lanka for the next one to six months, according to a new study. The findings can inform the design and timing of programs to limit the spread of mosquito-borne diseases like dengue.

Understanding how microbiota thrive in their human hosts

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:09 AM PDT

Scientists have made substantial progress in understanding how gut bacteria succeed in their human hosts on a molecular level. They investigated how bacteria produce inositol lipids, substances vital for many cellular processes in humans and other eukaryotes but hitherto rarely observed in bacteria. The results indicate that inositol lipids have implications for the symbiosis between the bacteria and their hosts.

Reduction of global inequalities in energy use necessary to stop climate change

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:09 AM PDT

A new study shows that existing climate mitigation scenarios perpetuate inequalities in energy use between the Global North and the Global South long into the future. These scenarios disadvantage the Global South and are therefore politically untenable, the study's authors argue.

Study examines memory in expert birdwatchers

Posted: 07 Jul 2022 07:09 AM PDT

According to a new study that examined memory in expert birdwatchers, having expert knowledge in a subject helps us memorize new information. This is because, while forgetting often happens when similar memories interfere with each other, expert knowledge provides a mental organizational structure, or scaffolding, that helps us keep new items that we want to learn distinct from each other. This reduces confusion between similar items -- in this case, similar-looking birds.