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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
Posted: 14 Sep 2018 07:04 AM PDT Human herpesviruses such as HHV-6 can remain dormant in cells for many years without being noticed. When reactivated, they can cause serious clinical conditions. Researchers have now found a way of differentiating between active and inactive viruses. |
Dietary fiber reduces brain inflammation during aging Posted: 14 Sep 2018 05:48 AM PDT As mammals age, immune cells in the brain known as microglia become chronically inflamed. In this state, they produce chemicals known to impair cognitive and motor function. That's one explanation for why memory fades and other brain functions decline during old age. But, according to a new study, there may be a remedy to delay the inevitable: dietary fiber. |
How skin begins: New research could improve skin grafts, and more Posted: 14 Sep 2018 05:48 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a key mechanism by which skin begins to develop in embryos. |
We have more than enough calories, but what about other nutrients? Posted: 14 Sep 2018 05:48 AM PDT A new study is the first to quantitatively map the flow of energy, protein, fat, essential amino acids and micronutrients from 'field-to-fork' at a global level and identify hotspots where nutrients are lost. The study shows that while we produce far more nutrients than is required for the global population, inefficiencies in the supply chain leave many people nutrient deficient. |
Probiotic use may reduce antibiotic prescriptions Posted: 14 Sep 2018 05:48 AM PDT The use of probiotics is linked to reduced need for antibiotic treatment in infants and children, according to a review of studies that probed the benefits of probiotics, co-led by a Georgetown investigator. |
New method promises fewer side effects from cancer drugs Posted: 14 Sep 2018 05:48 AM PDT A recent achievement in the field of protein research allows for better tailored pharmaceuticals with fewer side effects. |
Scientists reveal drumming helps schoolchildren diagnosed with autism Posted: 14 Sep 2018 05:48 AM PDT Children diagnosed with autism perform better in school if they participate in two 30-minute drumming sessions a week, according to a new scientific study. |
Calorie counts on restaurant menus have customers ordering less Posted: 13 Sep 2018 01:00 PM PDT Researchers conducted a randomized experiment and found that diners at full service restaurants whose menus listed calories ordered meals with 3 percent fewer calories -- about 45 calories less -- than those who had menus without calorie information. Customers ordered fewer calories in their appetizer and entree courses, but their dessert and drink orders remained the same. |
Leptospirosis strains identified in Uruguay cattle Posted: 13 Sep 2018 11:20 AM PDT Leptospirosis infections, caused by Leptospira bacteria, occur in people and animals around the world, but different strains of the bacteria may vary in their ability to cause disease and to jump between species. Now, researchers have for the first time described the characteristics of the Leptospira variants that infect cattle in Uruguay. |
Largest study of 'post-treatment controllers' reveals clues about HIV remission Posted: 13 Sep 2018 10:46 AM PDT Much remains unknown about a group of individuals known as HIV post-treatment controllers, including how rare this ability is. Two new studies explore the characteristics of this group as well as the biological mechanisms that may help explain this unique ability. |
Suspending young students risks future success in school Posted: 13 Sep 2018 10:45 AM PDT New research finds that young suspended students -- especially boys -- are likely to be suspended again later in elementary school. |
Mixed chemicals in beauty products may harm women's hormones Posted: 13 Sep 2018 10:45 AM PDT Researchers have discovered links between chemicals that are widely used in cosmetic and personal care products and changes in reproductive hormones. |
Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT In a new paper, physicians describe the barriers that stand in the way of getting expedited partner therapy to more people. |
Why some people are at risk of gout Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT Researchers have helped characterize a genetic variant that enables new understanding of why some people are at risk of gout, a painful and debilitating arthritic disease. |
BPA replacements in plastics cause reproductive problems in lab mice Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT Twenty years ago, researchers made the accidental discovery that BPA had leached out of plastic cages used to house female mice in the lab, causing an increase in chromosomally abnormal eggs. Now, the same team is back to report that the array of alternative bisphenols now used to replace BPA in BPA-free bottles, cups, cages, and other items appear to come with similar problems for their mice. |
People show confirmation bias even about which way dots are moving Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT People have a tendency to interpret new information in a way that supports their pre-existing beliefs, a phenomenon known as confirmation bias. Now, researchers have shown that people will do the same thing even when the decision they've made pertains to a choice that is rather less consequential: which direction a series of dots is moving and whether the average of a series of numbers is greater or less than 50. |
Enhanced 3-D imaging poised to advance treatments for brain diseases Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT Researchers have developed a combination of commercially available hardware and open-source software, named PySight, which improves rapid 2-D and 3-D imaging of the brain and other tissues. |
Eyes have a natural version of night vision Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT To see under starlight and moonlight, the retina of the eye changes both the software and hardware of its light-sensing cells to create a kind of night vision. Retinal circuits that were thought to be unchanging and programmed for specific tasks actively adapt to different light conditions, say the scientists who made the discovery. |
Open insulin, 'DIY bio' and the future of pharma Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT A growing community of do-it-yourself 'biohackers' are disrupting business-as-usual for pharmaceutical discovery, development and distribution. A new article looks at how the pharmaceutical industry, and the U.S. regulatory environment, will need to change in response. |
Caspase-2 enzyme inhibitor shows promise for ameliorating fatty liver disease Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT Researchers have discovered using mice and human clinical specimens that caspase-2, a protein-cleaving enzyme, is a critical driver of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a chronic and aggressive liver condition. By identifying caspase-2's critical role, they believe an inhibitor of this enzyme could provide an effective way to stop the pathogenic progression that leads to NASH -- and possibly even reverse early symptoms. |
One in three college freshmen worldwide reports mental health disorder Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT A new study finds that more than one-third of first-year university students in eight industrialized countries around the globe report symptoms consistent with a diagnosable mental health disorder. |
Obesity alters airway muscle function, increases asthma risk Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:39 AM PDT Obesity changes how airway muscles function, increasing the risk of developing asthma, a new study suggests. |
New means to fight 'un-killable' bacteria in healthcare settings Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:38 AM PDT Scientists have identified new means of fighting drug-tolerant bacteria, a growing global threat as menacing as drug-resistant microbes. Little is known about the mechanisms leading to tolerance, a strategy that makes bacteria 'indifferent' to antibiotics and almost 'un-killable,' which results in chronic infections extremely difficult to treat and cure. |
Computer avatars play a part in dementia detection Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:38 AM PDT Scientists have demonstrated the possibility of detecting dementia from conversations in human-agent interaction. Their research shows how a machine can learn characteristics of sounds of elderly people who answered easy questions from avatars on a computer. |
Testosterone replacement therapy may slow the progression of COPD Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:38 AM PDT Testosterone replacement therapy may slow disease progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, according to new research. |
Disrupting genetic processes reverses aging in human cells Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:38 AM PDT Research has shed new light on genetic processes that may one day lead to the development of therapies that can slow, or even reverse, how our cells age. |
The art of storytelling: Researchers explore why we relate to characters Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:38 AM PDT For thousands of years, humans have relied on storytelling to engage, to share emotions and to relate personal experiences. Now, psychologists are exploring the mechanisms deep within the brain to better understand just what happens when we communicate. |
Anti-inflammatory diet linked to reduced risk of early death Posted: 13 Sep 2018 08:38 AM PDT A new study finds that adhering to an anti-inflammatory diet is associated with lower risks of dying from any cause, dying from cardiovascular causes, and dying from cancer. |
Heat-related deaths likely to increase significantly as global temperatures rise, warn researchers Posted: 13 Sep 2018 05:21 AM PDT In a new article, experts argue that the world needs to keep global temperatures in check by meeting the goals set out in the Paris Agreement, or more people could die because of extreme temperatures. |
Diagnosing and treating resistant hypertension Posted: 13 Sep 2018 05:21 AM PDT A new statement from the American Heart Association provides a comprehensive overview of how to diagnose and treat hypertension based on a review of available scientific information. |
Posted: 13 Sep 2018 05:21 AM PDT Doctors have long known that a high level of the protein CCL17 in the body indicates an allergic reaction. Now scientists have discovered a completely new function: CCL17 also influences signal transmission in the brain. There may even be a molecular link to autism. |
Poorest Americans most likely to have used prescription opioids Posted: 12 Sep 2018 05:24 PM PDT New research finds that among older Americans, the poorest are the most likely to have used prescription opioids. The study also raises important questions about access to pain management options for the disadvantaged in the current climate of the opioid epidemic. |
Keep them guessing, keep them gaming Posted: 12 Sep 2018 11:44 AM PDT While conventional wisdom says that people don't like uncertain gains or rewards, a new study finds that uncertainty can play an important role in motivating repeat behaviors. |
New combination treatment targets pre-leukemia stem cells Posted: 12 Sep 2018 10:35 AM PDT Omacetaxine (to block protein synthesis) with venetoclax (to block oxidative phosphorylation), was highly effective against CD123+ leukemia stem cells. |
Business genius can be taught, study says Posted: 12 Sep 2018 10:35 AM PDT How did Steve Jobs do it? What about Whole Foods Market and Starbucks? These kinds of 'breakout' success stories show what is possible when business leaders imagine into the future rather than re-enacting the past -- a strategy that a new study says is crucial for business success in a rapidly changing world. |
Air purifiers may benefit fetal growth Posted: 12 Sep 2018 10:35 AM PDT A new study reveals fetal growth may improve if pregnant women use portable air purifiers inside their homes. |
Central mystery of a baffling high-risk leukemia solved Posted: 12 Sep 2018 10:35 AM PDT Investigators have unraveled the origins and identified mutations associated with a perplexing form of acute leukemia. The landmark study appears today as an advance online publication in the journal Nature and lays the foundation for more effective treatment of patients with the high-risk cancer.Their treatment is complicated because MPAL does not fit cleanly into a single diagnosis, but includes features of both acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. |
Fluorescence-activating beta-barrel protein made from scratch for first time Posted: 12 Sep 2018 10:34 AM PDT For the first time, scientists have created, entirely from scratch, a protein capable of binding to a small target molecule. They designed a cylindrical protein called a beta barrel, which has a cavity to bind the target. The designed protein was able to bind and activate a compound similar to that housed inside green fluorescent protein. |
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