ScienceDaily: Top Health News


Amazon indigenous group's lifestyle may hold a key to slowing down aging

Posted: 26 May 2021 03:58 PM PDT

The Tsimane indigenous people of the Bolivian Amazon experience less brain atrophy than their American and European peers. The decrease in their brain volumes with age is 70% slower than in Western populations.

Technology to monitor mental wellbeing might be right at your fingertips

Posted: 26 May 2021 03:58 PM PDT

To help patients manage their mental wellness between appointments, researchers have developed a smart device-based electronic platform that can continuously monitor the state of hyperarousal, one of the signs of psychiatric distress. They said this advanced technology could read facial cues, analyze voice patterns and integrate readings from built-in vital signs sensors on smartwatches to determine if a patient is under stress.

People prefer 'natural' strategies to reduce atmospheric carbon

Posted: 26 May 2021 03:58 PM PDT

A cross-disciplinary collaboration found that a majority of the U.S. public is supportive of soil carbon storage as a climate change mitigation strategy, particularly when that and similar approaches are seen as 'natural' strategies.

Study finds ongoing evolution in Tasmanian Devils' response to transmissible cancer

Posted: 26 May 2021 12:00 PM PDT

Researchers studied the evolution of Tasmanian devils in response to a unique transmissible cancer. The team found that historic and ongoing evolution are widespread across the devils' genome, but there is little overlap of genes between those two timescales. These findings suggest that if transmissible cancers occurred historically in devils, they imposed natural selection on different sets of genes.

Salmonella use intestinal epithelial cells to colonize the gut

Posted: 26 May 2021 10:21 AM PDT

The immune system's attempt to eliminate Salmonella bacteria from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract instead facilitates colonization of the intestinal tract and fecal shedding, according to scientists.

Good bacteria can temper chemotherapy side effects

Posted: 26 May 2021 10:21 AM PDT

A new study found that specific types of gut bacteria can protect other good bacteria from cancer treatments -- mitigating harmful, drug-induced changes to the gut microbiome. By metabolizing chemotherapy drugs, the protective bacteria could temper short- and long-term side effects of treatment.

Brain tumors caused by normal neuron activity in mice predisposed to such tumors

Posted: 26 May 2021 10:21 AM PDT

Researchers have found that normal exposure to light can drive the formation and growth of optic nerve tumors in mice -- and maybe people -- with a genetic predisposition. Such tumors can lead to vision loss.

Electric fish -- and humans -- pause before communicating key points

Posted: 26 May 2021 10:21 AM PDT

Electric fish pause before sharing something particularly meaningful. Pauses also prime the sensory systems to receive new and important information. The study reveals an underlying mechanism for how pauses allow neurons in the midbrain to recover from stimulation.

Embryos of many species use sound to prepare for the outside world

Posted: 26 May 2021 10:21 AM PDT

It's well known that reptiles depend on temperature cues while in the egg to determine a hatchling's sex. Now, researchers say that embryos of many different animal species also rely on acoustic signals in important ways. They call this phenomenon 'acoustic developmental programming.'

AI with swarm intelligence

Posted: 26 May 2021 10:21 AM PDT

Researchers have used 'swarm learning' - a novel, artificial intelligence technology - to detect blood cancer, lung diseases and COVID-19 in data stored in a decentralized fashion.

Don't count on caffeine to fight sleep deprivation

Posted: 26 May 2021 08:55 AM PDT

Sleep scientists assessed how effective caffeine was in counteracting the negative effects of sleep deprivation on cognition.

Non-parents expand 'facial dexterity' in caring for infants among primates

Posted: 26 May 2021 08:55 AM PDT

Non-parents expand the range of their facial expressions in caring for infants among primates. The study shows the ability, among non-relatives, to both decipher facial expressions and to be attuned to others' emotional states, revealing the evolutionary nature of communication.

Proteomics reveals how exercise increases the efficiency of muscle energy production

Posted: 26 May 2021 08:54 AM PDT

By applying mass spectrometry, scientists provide some of the most detailed data on how mitochondrial proteins cluster into supercomplexes - a process that makes mitochondria more efficient at producing energy.

How antibiotic-filled feces helps 'bessbug' beetles stay healthy

Posted: 26 May 2021 08:54 AM PDT

Researchers have discovered that the frass of the horned passalus beetle is teeming with antibiotic and antifungal chemicals similar to the ones that humans use to ward off bacterial and fungal infections. Understanding the symbiotic relationship between bessbug beetles, actinomycetes and their antimicrobial compounds could help speed the search for new antibiotic drugs, and help doctors create better strategies for preventing the rise of antibiotic-resistant infections.

Researchers discover fundamental roles of glucosamine in brain

Posted: 26 May 2021 08:47 AM PDT

Using novel imaging methods for studying brain metabolism, researchers have identified the reservoir for a necessary sugar in the brain. Glycogen serves as a storage depot for the sugar glucose.

Hundreds of antibiotic resistant genes found in the gastrointestinal tracts of Danish infants

Posted: 26 May 2021 06:31 AM PDT

Danish one-year-olds carry several hundred antibiotic resistant genes in their bacterial gut flora according to a new study from the University of Copenhagen. The presence of these genes is partly attributable to antibiotic use among mothers during pregnancy.

New tools to battle cancer, advance genomics research

Posted: 26 May 2021 06:31 AM PDT

New approaches to battle cancer have already unearthed a treasure trove of useful data -- and they're now being made available for free.

Deciphering structure of a toxic matter that destroys the nerves in the brain

Posted: 26 May 2021 06:30 AM PDT

Researchers reveal the structure of a hetero-oligomer nano-aggregate - a substance that causes Parkinson's and dementia - through quadruple force mapping.

Memory details fade over time, with only the main gist preserved

Posted: 26 May 2021 05:50 AM PDT

What information is retained in a memory over time, and which parts get lost? These questions have led to many scientific theories over the years, and now a team of researchers have been able to provide some answers.

Resetting the biological clock by flipping a switch

Posted: 26 May 2021 05:50 AM PDT

The biological clock is present in almost all cells of an organism. As more and more evidence emerges that clocks in certain organs could be out of sync, there is a need to investigate and reset these clocks locally. Scientists from the introduced a light-controlled on/off switch to a kinase inhibitor, which affects clock function. This gives them control of the biological clock in cultured cells and explanted tissue.

Why a vacation seems like it will end as soon as it begins

Posted: 26 May 2021 05:50 AM PDT

Time not only flies when you're having fun - sometimes anticipating a fun event makes it feel like it will be over as soon as it begins, a new study suggests. Researchers found that people judge future positive events as being both farther away as well as shorter in duration than negative or neutral events.

For men, low testosterone means high risk of severe COVID-19, study suggests

Posted: 25 May 2021 08:37 AM PDT

A new study suggests that, among men, low testosterone levels in the blood are linked to more severe COVID-19. The study contradicts widespread assumptions that higher testosterone may explain why men, on average, develop more severe COVID-19 than women do.

Harnessing next generation sequencing to detect SARS-CoV-2 and prepare for the next pandemic

Posted: 25 May 2021 05:43 AM PDT

Researchers have designed a testing protocol for SARS-CoV-2 that can process tens of thousands of samples in less than 48 hours. The method, called SARSeq, could be adapted to many more pathogens.