ScienceDaily: Top Health News


Wildfire smoke may have contributed to thousands of extra COVID-19 cases and deaths in western U.S. in 2020

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 03:38 PM PDT

Thousands of COVID-19 cases and deaths in California, Oregon, and Washington between March and December 2020 may be attributable to increases in fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) from wildfire smoke, according to a new study.

Sensor spies hideouts for ?virus replication

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 03:07 PM PDT

Some types of RNA viruses cloak themselves to hide inside a cell and create copies of themselves. But an enzyme that acts as a virus sensor might be attuned to their whereabouts. A slight variation in their genomic code gives some people's cells the capacity to produce this sensor.  Researchers discovered how this sensor helps cells stop the virus before it multiplies too greatly.

Cancer patients use less marijuana than general public, study finds

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 12:20 PM PDT

A new study shows that between 2013 and 2018, as many U.S. states were legalizing recreational marijuana, cancer patients continued to abstain in large numbers.

Microbial study reveals extended lifespan of starved bacteria

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 12:20 PM PDT

New research shows how bacteria can overcome starvation situations and survive for an extended period, which has broader implications for chronic infections.

Brain cholesterol regulates Alzheimer's plaques, study reveals

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 12:19 PM PDT

The production of the Alzheimer's-associated, toxic protein amyloid beta in the brain is tightly regulated by cholesterol in the cell membrane, advanced imaging reveals.

New clinical risk management tools are needed to prevent COVID-19 deaths, say experts

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 12:19 PM PDT

A new study exposes the dire need for new clinical risk management tools to help hospital healthcare workers prevent the deaths and intensive care admissions of Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) COVID-19 patients with pneumonia, say researchers.

Gender, personality influence use of interactive tools online

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 09:00 AM PDT

A team of researchers found that people considered websites more interactive if they had tools to facilitate communication between users, often referred to as computer-mediated communication, or CMC.

Researchers solve structure of BRCA2 protein complex important in DNA repair

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 09:00 AM PDT

The initials BRCA2 may be best known for a gene associated with many cases of breast cancer, and the protein encoded by the BRCA2 gene is critical to repairing breaks in DNA. The breakdown of this interaction is a hallmark of many cancers. Now scientists have determined the structure of a complex of two proteins -- BRCA2 together with MEILB2 -- that allows repairs to happen efficiently in cells undergoing cell-splitting, called meiosis. Their results have major implications for cancer and infertility.

New tumor cell tracking system aims to understand cancer treatment resistance

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 07:55 AM PDT

A team of researchers have developed a new way to tag tumor cells to figure out how they evolve and change over time to resist cancer treatments.

New biomarkers may detect early eye changes that can lead to diabetes-related blindness

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 07:55 AM PDT

Researchers have identified new biomarkers that may advance the early detection of diabetic retinopathy, the most common diabetic eye disease and a leading cause of blindness in U.S. adults.

Origins of mutation

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 07:03 AM PDT

The precise transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next is fundamental to life. Most of the time, this process unfolds with remarkable accuracy, but when it goes awry, mutations can arise—some of them beneficial, some of them inconsequential, and some of them causing malfunction and disease.

Team of disease ecologists documents person-to-person spread of antimicrobial-resistant plague

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 07:03 AM PDT

A team of scientists recently published their findings from a remarkable study involving antimicrobial resistant (AMR) plague.

Genetic program protects neurons from degeneration

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 07:03 AM PDT

Researchers have identified a previously unknown genetic program in the fruit fly. The genetic material involved controls the development of the neurons while also protecting them from degeneration. They have hardly changed in the course of evolution over hundreds of millions of years and also exist in a comparable form in humans. Initial data show that they presumably perform similar tasks there. The results may therefore also provide a starting point for new active ingredients for neurodegenerative diseases.

Football without the fans: Effect of empty stadiums during pandemic

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 07:03 AM PDT

Playing professional football games in empty stadiums had a hugely negative effect on the success of home teams, with home advantage almost halved, according to new research. The study used the unique opportunity presented by the COVID-19 pandemic to test whether home advantage applies when fans are not present in the stands. They found that home teams accrued significantly fewer points and scored fewer goals when crowds were absent.

New blood test improves prostate cancer screening

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 07:03 AM PDT

Researchers recently reported that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could reduce overdiagnoses and thereby improve prostate cancer screening. Now, the same research group shows that the addition of a novel blood test, the Stockholm3 test, can reduce the number of MRIs performed by a third while further preventing the detection of minor, low-risk tumors.

More than one in ten COVID-19 patients infected in hospital in UK's first pandemic wave, study finds

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 07:03 AM PDT

More than one in ten COVID-19 patients in 314 UK hospitals caught the infection in hospital during the first pandemic wave, say researchers conducting the world's largest study of severe COVID-19.

Just 10% of kids with ADHD outgrow it, study finds

Posted: 13 Aug 2021 07:02 AM PDT

Most children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) don't outgrow the disorder, as widely thought. It manifests itself in adulthood in different ways and waxes and wanes over a lifetime, according to a new study.

Researchers pinpoint how PARP inhibitors combat BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor cells

Posted: 12 Aug 2021 01:19 PM PDT

PARP inhibitors, used to treat patients with cancer of the breast, ovaries, prostate and pancreas, work by inducing persistent DNA gaps in tumor cells with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. The discovery offers the potential to monitor tumors for the development of resistance to PARP inhibitor therapy, and to identify drug combinations that could prevent drug resistance and improve the efficacy of cancer therapies.

Study reveals missing link between high-fat diet, microbiota and heart disease

Posted: 12 Aug 2021 11:50 AM PDT

A high-fat diet disrupts the biology of the gut's inner lining and its microbial communities -- and promotes the production of a metabolite that may contribute to heart disease, according to a new study.

Analysis can predict individual differences in cardiovascular responses to altered gravity

Posted: 12 Aug 2021 10:59 AM PDT

With recent trips to space travel by business moguls like Jeff Bezos and Richard Branson, visiting the edge of space has never been more within the grasp of commercial travel. However, at these altitudes, passengers experience weightlessness, or more generally, altered gravity, that can affect the body's normal physiology.

Novel nanotechnology found to enhance fight against colorectal cancer and melanoma

Posted: 12 Aug 2021 09:31 AM PDT

Researchers recently completed a study that has the potential to improve cancer treatment for colorectal cancer and melanoma by using nanotechnology to deliver chemotherapy in a way that makes it more effective against aggressive tumors.

Researchers identify new gene variants that cause hypertension in pregnant women

Posted: 12 Aug 2021 09:30 AM PDT

An international study has found a unique pair of gene variants that causes sudden onset high blood pressure in pregnant women.

New advances for treating non-small cell lung cancer

Posted: 12 Aug 2021 09:30 AM PDT

A new publication highlights recent breakthrough therapies developed to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The goal of the study is to provide views on how basic science advances will impact clinical research areas to help influence how NSCLC will be managed over the coming decade.

Targeting mitochondria shows promise in treating obesity

Posted: 12 Aug 2021 06:27 AM PDT

Scientists have discovered a novel pharmacological approach to attenuate the mitochondrial dysfunction that drives diet-induced obesity.

17-year study of children associates poverty with smaller, slower-growing subcortical regions

Posted: 11 Aug 2021 02:52 PM PDT

New research shows a lasting relationship between childhood poverty, brain development.