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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| Surprising findings on how salt affects blood flow in the brain Posted: 11 Nov 2021 12:42 PM PST Researchers reveal surprising new information about the relationship between neuron activity and blood flow deep in the brain, as well as how the brain is affected by salt consumption. |
| New technique may lead to safer stem cell transplants Posted: 11 Nov 2021 12:42 PM PST Studying mice, researchers have developed a method of stem cell transplantation that does not require radiation or chemotherapy. Instead, the strategy takes an immunotherapeutic approach, combining the targeted elimination of blood-forming stem cells in the bone marrow with immune-modulating drugs to prevent the immune system from rejecting the new donor stem cells. |
| Using mechanical tools improves our language skills, study finds Posted: 11 Nov 2021 12:42 PM PST Research has revealed a correlation between being particularly proficient in tool use and having good syntactic ability. A new study has now shown that both skills rely on the same neurological resources, which are located in the same brain region. Furthermore, motor training using a tool improves our ability to understand the syntax of complex sentences and -- vice-versa -- syntactic training improves our proficiency in using tools. |
| ‘Dancing molecules’ successfully repair severe spinal cord injuries Posted: 11 Nov 2021 12:36 PM PST Researchers have developed an injectable therapy based on nanofibers that has enabled paralyzed mice with severe spinal cord injuries to regain the ability to walk. |
| Risk calculator to prevent delayed discharges in hospitals Posted: 11 Nov 2021 10:03 AM PST New research could significantly reduce overcrowding in emergency departments -- with great financial savings. Experts have developed a prediction model to identify patients most at risk of taking up hospital beds longer than needed. |
| CRISPR screen identifies new anti-inflammatory drug target Posted: 11 Nov 2021 10:03 AM PST A metabolic enzyme that has been studied in cancer biology and is important for T cell function may offer a new target for anti-inflammatory therapeutics, researchers have discovered. They report that inhibiting or genetically deleting the enzyme, called MTHFD2, reduced disease severity in multiple inflammatory disease models. |
| Cutting-edge molecular tools reveal potential COVID-19 diagnostic and therapeutic targets Posted: 11 Nov 2021 10:03 AM PST Advanced next-generation sequencing of autopsy tissues has furthered molecular understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease mechanisms, researchers report. |
| When mom and child interact, physiology and behavior coordinate Posted: 11 Nov 2021 10:03 AM PST When mothers and their children play together, they instinctively respond to each other's cues. And positive interactions promote the child's healthy socioemotional development. A new study examines how physiological and behavioral reactions coordinate during mother-child playtime. The findings highlight the importance of responsive communication, and can help provide insights for parents, practitioners, and researchers. |
| This is how we understand emoji Posted: 11 Nov 2021 10:02 AM PST Even when emoji are used to substitute for words, we still understand the sentence. But how does that work? Do we interpret an emoji primarily as an image or as a word? To find out, a research team asked volunteers to read texts with emoji and measured the reading time precisely. It turns out that it takes a little longer to comprehend a sentence that includes emoji than one that doesn't. If the emoji does not directly represent the intended meaning, but another word with the same pronunciation, we need yet a little more time. Based on these results, the team concludes that emoji comprehension consists of two steps: first the image is interpreted, then the word is inferred. |
| Posted: 11 Nov 2021 10:02 AM PST The proportion of UK people reporting eating and drinking plant-based alternative foods such as plant-based milk, vegan sausages and vegetable burgers nearly doubled between 2008 -- 2011 and 2017 -- 2019, according to a new study. |
| Supportive strategies help 'picky eaters' deal with food aversions Posted: 11 Nov 2021 10:02 AM PST In a large national survey, adults who struggled with picky eating habits as children overwhelmingly said they benefitted more from positive and encouraging strategies their parents used than forceful or coercive approaches. |
| Common loud noises cause fluid buildup in the inner ear, study finds Posted: 11 Nov 2021 05:04 AM PST A new study reveals that common loud noises cause fluid buildup in the inner ear and suggests a simple possible treatment for noise-induced hearing loss. |
| Function of mysterious structure found on neurons Posted: 11 Nov 2021 05:04 AM PST Researchers have discovered that mysterious clusters of proteins found on neurons are calcium-signaling 'hotspots' that activate gene transcription, allowing neurons to produce crucial proteins. The discovery may help shape new research into the role of the hotspots in brain function and potentially lead to new classes of therapeutics. |
| How alike are the cancer cells from a single patient? Posted: 11 Nov 2021 05:04 AM PST Using an experimental system involving new genetic technology, researchers analyzed the gene expression signatures of a representative sample of barcoded leukemia cells. After implanting some of the leukemia cells in mice, they discovered that distinct gene expression signatures correlated with the various organs where the cancer cells ended up. They were also able to identify previously unknown genes that are involved in disease progression and chemotherapy resistance, which may offer new targets for treatment. |
| Students who self-identify as multilingual perform better in exams Posted: 11 Nov 2021 05:03 AM PST Young people who consider themselves 'multilingual' tend to perform better across a wide range of subjects at school, regardless of whether they are actually fluent in another language, new research suggests. The study of more than 800 pupils in England found a measurable, positive relationship between their personal connection with other languages, and their GCSE exam results in both modern language and non-language subjects. This applied whether or not they actually spoke a second language fluently. |
| Study encourages cautious approach to CRISPR therapeutics Posted: 11 Nov 2021 05:03 AM PST A comprehensive study has shown that gene editing, specifically gene knockout (KO), with CRISPR-Cas9 can favor cells with mutated forms of genes linked to cancer. The findings highlight the need to monitor patients undergoing CRISPR-Cas9-based gene therapy for cancer-related mutations. |
| Mosaic brain evolution in guppies helps to explain vertebrate cognitive evolution Posted: 10 Nov 2021 11:55 AM PST Researchers have provided the first experimental evidence that brain regions can evolve independently of each other during cognitive evolution. This so called mosaic brain evolution was verified empirically in an artificial selection experiment with guppies (Poecilia reticulata) where telencephalon size (but no other regions) differed by 10 percent after only four generations of selection. The findings can have wide implications for the understanding of cognitive evolution in other vertebrates, such as primates and humans. |
| A newly discovered genetic link to non-alcoholic inflammatory liver disease Posted: 10 Nov 2021 11:54 AM PST Researchers have shown that albino mice of the C57BL/6 line are highly susceptible to developing the inflammatory liver condition non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) when fed a high cholesterol diet. The albino mice carry a mutation in the tyrosinase gene leading to a deficiency of melanin synthesis. NASH is a serious illness in humans, and the identification of the involvement of tyrosinase in NASH development will guide future research into this condition. |
| Compound provides innovative pain relief Posted: 10 Nov 2021 11:54 AM PST Researchers at the University of Arizona Health Sciences are closer to developing a safe and effective non-opioid pain reliever after a study showed that a new compound they created reduces the sensation of pain by regulating a biological channel linked to pain. |
| A personalized exosuit for real-world walking Posted: 10 Nov 2021 11:53 AM PST Researchers have developed a new approach in which robotic exosuit assistance can be calibrated to an individual and adapt to a variety of real-world walking tasks in a matter of seconds. The bioinspired system uses ultrasound measurements of muscle dynamics to develop a personalized and activity-specific assistance profile for users of the exosuit. |
| New way to detect coronavirus through building ventilation systems Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST Researchers have found a new way to detect the virus that causes COVID-19 by testing the air passing through building ventilation systems. The discovery could lead to earlier detection of the virus, improved quarantine protocols, reduced transmission and fewer outbreaks. |
| Sleep disorders linked with more severe outcomes from COVID-19, study suggests Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST Research shows a 31 percent increased risk for hospitalization and mortality in patients with sleep-disordered breathing and sleep-related hypoxia. |
| New target for COVID-19 vaccines identified Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST Next generation vaccines for COVID-19 should aim to induce an immune response against 'replication proteins', essential for the very earliest stages of the viral cycle, researchers say. |
| Calculating a dangerous heartbeat Posted: 08 Nov 2021 08:48 AM PST How ventricular fibrillation, a life-threatening heart rhythm, will behave in an individual patient can be accurately modeled and predicted using a single mathematical equation, according to researchers. The findings could be used to improve patient treatment, including identifying when to intervene or to develop individualized treatment plans that can work more effectively. |
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