ScienceDaily: Top Health News


Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in hospitalized adults differ by age

Posted: 28 Apr 2022 05:58 AM PDT

A new study provides previously unknown answers about which hospitalized COVID-19 patients are most likely to need mechanical ventilation or to die. Researchers showed that vital signs and lab results at the time of hospital admission -- not comorbidities and demographics -- are the most accurate predictors of disease severity.

Climate change could spark the next pandemic, new study finds

Posted: 28 Apr 2022 05:58 AM PDT

As Earth's climate continues to warm, researchers predict wild animals will be forced to relocate their habitats -- likely to regions with large human populations -- dramatically increasing the risk of a viral jump to humans that could lead to the next pandemic.

Hype up fitness to support kids' health post-lockdowns, experts urge

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 06:12 PM PDT

As COVID-19 reaches record levels in the UK, health experts are calling for a focus on children's physical fitness as new research reveals concerning changes to children's health and physical fitness following the pandemic.

Genetic diversity of C. difficile, a particularly problematic pathogen

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 02:14 PM PDT

Researchers have used a systems biology approach to parse the genetic diversity of Clostridioides difficile, a particularly problematic pathogen, particularly in health care settings.

A new polymer system to revolutionize the delivery of therapeutics

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 02:14 PM PDT

Researchers recently announced that they have engineered a new class of material, called a 'polyzwitterionic complex,' or 'pZC,' which is able to both withstand the harsh acidic conditions of the stomach and then dissolve predictably in the comparatively gentle environment of the small intestine. This property means that pZCs could help revolutionize the delivery of medicines of all sorts, from familiar oral antibiotics to new classes of delicate protein therapeutics.

Scientists implicate non-cardiac genes in congenital heart disease

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 12:41 PM PDT

Researchers show that three transcription factors -- GATA4, NKX2-5 and TBX5 -- interact with CHD4 inside the embryonic heart, recruit it for action, and uses CHD4 to play their roles in heart health and disease.

A refined microbiome 'fingerprint' method tracks sub-strain variants of a single gut microbe strain

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 12:41 PM PDT

A previously developed a microbiome 'fingerprint' method that identifies single strains of particular gut bacteria through analysis of metagenomics data from fecal samples, has been refined to include looking for single-nucleotide variants in the KEGG metabolic pathways of a particular strain. This magnified analysis shows a short-term difference in sub-strain dynamics of two Bacteroides species between healthy individuals and hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Neuronal plasticity in chronic pain-induced anxiety revealed

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 11:06 AM PDT

Researchers have shown how chronic pain leads to maladaptive anxiety in mice, with implications for treatment of chronic pain-related psychiatric disorders in humans.

How it works: The protein that stimulates muscle growth

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:58 AM PDT

Using genetic approaches, researchers have demonstrated how a certain protein is involved in skeletal muscle growth. The findings open new avenues to develop drug targets for neuromuscular diseases and other pathological conditions.

How one inflammatory disorder exacerbates another

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:58 AM PDT

People with severe gum disease are at a higher risk of other inflammatory conditions, such as heart disease and arthritis, and the reverse is true as well. New research unpacks the mechanism underlying this association, demonstrating in mice that a susceptibility to arthritis can be transmitted by a bone marrow transplant if the donor has gum inflammation.

Japanese population projected to live longer without dementia

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:58 AM PDT

A new microsimulation projects that over the next 20 years, Japanese people will live longer without dementia, but older women with a less than high school education will benefit less than men.

RNA binding proteins help T cells pick their weapons before battle

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:58 AM PDT

Researchers have identified key drivers of T cell development which promote resilience to influenza virus infection.

Human skin has evolved to allow maximum durability and flexibility

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:57 AM PDT

Human skin has evolved to allow maximum durability and flexibility, according to new research.

Researchers investigate connection between loss of motivation and Alzheimer's disease progression

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:57 AM PDT

Researchers are studying why neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as apathy and irritability, appear in most Alzheimer's disease patients before the onset of memory loss.

E. coli bacteria exploits Crohn's disease inflammation

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:57 AM PDT

A multi-year study of the role of E. coli gut bacteria in Crohn's disease finds that intestinal inflammation liberates chemicals that nourish the bacteria's growth and promotes their ability to cause inflammation.

Study shows creativity assessments progressing slowly, including racialized, gendered approaches

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:57 AM PDT

Researchers have published a study in which they reviewed 11 years of research on creativity assessments and found the field is focusing on three main types of assessment between education and psychology. They note little innovation in the field and that the standard approaches are often gendered and racialized. The authors call for better understanding of creativity assessments to better serve all students, make creativity a more central part of education and better translate research to practice.

Plug-and-play organ-on-a-chip can be customized to the patient

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:57 AM PDT

Researchers have developed a model of human physiology in the form of a multi-organ chip consisting of engineered human heart, bone, liver, and skin that are linked by vascular flow with circulating immune cells, to allow recapitulation of interdependent organ functions. The researchers have essentially created a plug-and-play multi-organ chip, which is the size of a microscope slide, that can be customized to the patient.

Scientists find a genetic cause of lupus

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:57 AM PDT

An international team of researchers has identified DNA mutations in a gene that senses viral RNA, as a cause of the autoimmune disease lupus, with the finding paving the way for the development of new treatments.

'Keto' molecule may be useful in preventing and treating colorectal cancer, study suggests

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 08:57 AM PDT

Beta-hydroxybutyrate, an alternative-energy molecule produced by the body in response to starvation or low-carb diets, strongly suppresses the growth of colorectal tumors in lab experiments, according to a new study.

Anesthetic drastically diverts the travels of brain waves

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:06 AM PDT

Under propofol general anesthesia very slow frequency traveling waves transform and dominate, redirecting and disrupting the higher frequency traveling waves associated with conscious function.

New data shows burden of dementia symptoms just as high in community population as nursing home residents

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:06 AM PDT

New data shows that the symptoms suffered by people with advanced Alzheimer's disease and related dementias who live in the community occur at a strikingly similar rate to those of dementia patients in a nursing home.

Risk of psychotic-like experiences can start in childhood

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:05 AM PDT

Researchers have found that the more urban of an environment a child lived in -- proximity to roads, houses with lead paint risks, families in poverty, and income disparity -- the greater number of psychotic like experiences they had over a year's time.

3D bimodal photoacoustic ultrasound imaging to diagnose peripheral vascular diseases

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:05 AM PDT

A research team has developed a bimodal photoacoustic/ ultrasound imaging technology for the human foot.

New research identifies blood biomarker for predicting dementia before symptoms develop

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:05 AM PDT

New research has identified a blood biomarker that could help identify people with the earliest signs of dementia, even before the onset of symptoms.

New study finds childhood abuse linked to higher risk for high cholesterol as an adult

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:05 AM PDT

The likelihood of developing high cholesterol -- a risk factor for heart disease and stroke -- was higher among white men and white women who experienced abuse during childhood, according to a study of more than 5,000 Black and white adults in the U.S. In contrast, growing up in a well-managed household with family members who were involved and engaged in the child's life offset the higher risk of high cholesterol among white women and Black men who reported abuse during childhood.

Preventing infection with an improved silver coating for medical devices

Posted: 27 Apr 2022 07:04 AM PDT

According to folklore, silver bullets kill werewolves, but in the real world, researchers want to harness this metal to fight another deadly foe: bacteria. Recently, scientists have tried to develop a silver coating for implantable medical devices to protect against infection, but they've had limited success. Scientists now describe a new, long-acting silver-ion releasing coating that, in rats, prevents bacteria from adhering to implants and then kills them.