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ScienceDaily: Top News |
| COVID-19 infection detected in deer in six Ohio locations Posted: 23 Dec 2021 08:32 AM PST Scientists have detected infection by at least three variants of the virus that causes COVID-19 in free-ranging white-tailed deer in six northeast Ohio locations, the research team has reported. |
| SARS-CoV-2 goes 'underground' to spread from cell to cell Posted: 23 Dec 2021 08:31 AM PST The virus that causes COVID-19 has adopted some stealth moves to stay alive and kicking, and one secret to its success is hiding from the immune system by spreading through cell-to-cell transmission, a new study has found. |
| What makes an mRNA vaccine so effective against severe COVID-19? Posted: 23 Dec 2021 08:31 AM PST A new study helps explain why mRNA vaccines have been so successful at preventing severe disease. |
| Dominant SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant evolved to evade our innate immune system Posted: 23 Dec 2021 08:30 AM PST The SARS-CoV-2 Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant mutated to evade our 'innate immune system', helping establish it as the world's first 'Variant of Concern', a new study finds. |
| Researchers lay groundwork for potential dog-allergy vaccine Posted: 22 Dec 2021 12:32 PM PST Scientists have identified a series of molecular candidates for those parts of dog allergens that cause immune reactions in people--the first step in developing a vaccine against most causes of dog allergies. |
| Estimating the strength of selection for new COVID-19 variants Posted: 22 Dec 2021 12:31 PM PST In an effort to make sense of new COVID-19 variants, scientists have developed methods to quantify how much more or less transmissible they are, which could have far-reaching implications for public health in terms of COVID-19 risk and the vaccination levels required to obtain herd immunity. |
| How tissues form complex shapes that enable organ function Posted: 22 Dec 2021 12:31 PM PST From the smooth tubes of our arteries and veins to the textured pockets of our internal organs, our bodies are made of tissues arranged in complex shapes that aid in performing specific functions. |
| Study confirms nutrient’s role in childhood blood cancer Posted: 22 Dec 2021 12:31 PM PST A molecular building block of many animal proteins, the amino acid valine, plays a key role in cancerous growth seen in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a new study shows. |
| Geneticists’ new research on ancient Britain contains insights on language, ancestry, kinship, milk Posted: 22 Dec 2021 12:31 PM PST New research revealing a major migration to the island of Great Britain offers fresh insights into the languages spoken at the time, the ancestry of present-day England and Wales, and even ancient habits of dairy consumption. |
| Posted: 22 Dec 2021 12:31 PM PST Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who had a combination of high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, or other conditions associated with metabolic syndrome were at much higher risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death, according to a new study. |
| Humble lizards offer surprising approach to engineering artificial lungs Posted: 22 Dec 2021 12:29 PM PST A new study shows how the brown anole lizard solves one of nature's most complex problems -- breathing -- with ultimate simplicity. Whereas human lungs develop over months and years into baroque tree-like structures, the anole lung develops in just a few days into crude lobes covered with bulbous protuberances. These gourd-like structures, while far less refined, allow the lizard to exchange oxygen for waste gases just as human lungs do. And because they grow quickly by leveraging simple mechanical processes, anole lungs provide new inspiration for engineers designing advanced biotechnologies. |
| Innovative X-ray imaging shows COVID-19 can cause vascular damage to the heart Posted: 22 Dec 2021 07:49 AM PST Researchers have detected significant changes in the heart muscle tissue of people who died from COVID-19. The study underpins the involvement of the heart in COVID-19 at the microscopic level by imaging and analyzing the affected tissue in the three dimensions. |
| Reduce frailty to lower dementia Posted: 22 Dec 2021 05:40 AM PST Reducing frailty in older adults could be an effective strategy to prevent dementia, according to a largescale new study. |
| Machine learning models quantum devices Posted: 22 Dec 2021 05:40 AM PST Technologies that take advantage of novel quantum mechanical behaviors are likely to become commonplace in the near future. These may include devices that use quantum information as input and output data, which require careful verification due to inherent uncertainties. The verification is more challenging if the device is time dependent when the output depends on past inputs. For the first time, researchers using machine learning dramatically improved the efficiency of verification for time-dependent quantum devices by incorporating a certain memory effect present in these systems. |
| Developing bioactive coatings for better orthopaedic implants Posted: 22 Dec 2021 05:40 AM PST Bioactive coatings play a vital role in the success of implants such as those for knees or hips, because their properties induce a biological response that is good for the health. Researchers are working on a coating that mimics bone tissue. |
| Study finds electric vehicles provide lower carbon emissions through additional channels Posted: 21 Dec 2021 06:25 PM PST A recent study found that the total indirect emissions from the supply of chain of electric vehicles pale in comparison to the same indirect emissions from fossil fuel-powered vehicles. |
| Fueling the future with new perovskite-related oxide-ion conductors Posted: 21 Dec 2021 06:24 PM PST Stable and high oxide-ion conductors based on a new hexagonal perovskite-related oxide has been reported in a recent study. These high-performance oxide-ion conductors could pave the way for the development of solid electrolytes for next-generation batteries and clean energy devices such as solid oxide fuel cells. |
| Could EKGs help doctors use AI to detect pulmonary embolisms? Posted: 21 Dec 2021 01:27 PM PST Pulmonary embolisms are dangerous, lung-clogging blot clots. In a pilot study, scientists showed that artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms can detect signs of these clots in electrocardiograms (EKGs), a finding which may one day help doctors with screening. |
| First model to predict lifetime risk of heart failure Posted: 21 Dec 2021 01:27 PM PST By answering a few basic questions, a new heart failure-risk model can provide an on-the-spot estimate of whether an individual will experience heart failure in the next 30 years. The ability to identify who is at greatest risk for heart failure -- especially among high-risk young adult populations -- will allow physicians to start prevention measures sooner. |
| Key neural mechanism believed to support advanced cognitive abilities discovered Posted: 21 Dec 2021 01:27 PM PST Scientists have discovered a neural mechanism that is believed to support advanced cognitive abilities such as planning and problem-solving. |
| Form, function and a deadly fungus Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:35 AM PST New research marks a major step forward in understanding C. auris biology, homing in on the genetics behind its ability to shape-shift from a round yeast form to a more hair-like, filamentous form -- potentially unlocking how the emerging pathogen causes disease. |
| 3D-bioprinted tissues can now be stored in the freezer until needed Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:35 AM PST A major obstacle to widespread study and clinical use of 3D tissues is their short shelf-life, which may be anywhere from a just few hours to a few days. As in the case of an organ transplant, a bioprinted tissue must be transported rapidly to the location where it is needed, or it will not be viable. Researchers now describe new work combining 3D bioprinting with cryopreservative techniques to create tissues which can be preserved in a freezer at -196°C and thawed within minutes for immediate use. |
| Your seat on public transportation determines level of exposure to exhaled droplets, study finds Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:35 AM PST In a new study, researchers developed a model with an unprecedented level of detail and focused on conditions that are more characteristic of asymptomatic transmission. The multiphysics model involved air and droplet dynamics, heat transfer, evaporation, humidity, and effects of ventilation systems. The researchers modeled various scenarios in close detail and were able to reconstruct their ventilation paths. |
| Robotic manipulators inspired by nature Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:35 AM PST Traditional robots can have difficulty grasping and manipulating soft objects if their manipulators are not flexible in the way elephant trunks, octopus tentacles, or human fingers can be. Investigators developed a type of multiple-segment soft manipulator inspired by these biological systems. The soft manipulators are based on pneu-nets, which are pneumatically actuated elastomeric structures. The group designed manipulators for a variety of 3D trajectories by varying the geometric, material, and loading parameters for their pneu-net structures. |
| Genes are switched on in the human embryo from the get-go Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:35 AM PST Scientists have discovered that genes in human embryos rapidly become active after fertilization, opening a new window onto the start of human embryonic life. |
| A new platform for controlled design of printed electronics with 2D materials Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:35 AM PST Scientists have shown how electricity is transported in printed 2D materials, paving the way for design of flexible devices for healthcare and beyond. |
| Honing in on shared network of cancer genes Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:35 AM PST Using network modeling, researchers have honed in on a set of gene interactions that are critical to malignancy and likely to be fertile ground for broad cancer therapies. |
| Sensor based on quantum physics could detect SARS-CoV-2 virus Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:34 AM PST Researchers found it's possible to design a sensor, based on quantum physics, that could detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The approach may offer faster, cheaper, and more accurate detection of Covid-19, including of new variants. |
| Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:34 AM PST As the Arctic and the oceans warm due to climate change, understanding how a rapidly changing environment may affect birds making annual journeys between the Arctic and the high seas is vital to international conservation efforts. However, for some Arctic species, there are still many unknowns about their migration routes. Using telemetry to solve some mysteries of three related seabird species -- the pomarine jaeger, parasitic jaeger and long-tailed jaeger -- scientists discovered they took different paths across four oceans from a shared central Canadian high Arctic nesting location. |
| Computer simulation models potential asteroid collisions Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:33 AM PST Researchers have developed a computer simulation of asteroid collisions that initially sought to replicate model asteroid strikes performed in a laboratory. After verifying the accuracy of the simulation, he believes it could be used to predict the result of future asteroid impacts or to learn more about past impacts by studying their craters. The simulation was built using the space-time conservation element and solution element method to model shock waves and other acoustic problems. |
| Biosensors using field-effect transistors show great promise Posted: 21 Dec 2021 10:33 AM PST Researchers review scientific advances of electrolyte-gated carbon nanotube field-effect transistor biosensors, which are characterized by superior electronic properties and intrinsic signal amplification and are capable of detecting a wide range of biomolecules with high sensitivity. One of their main components is the biorecognition element, which selectively recognizes the analyte of interest. Biotransduction devices convert the interaction between the biorecognition element and analyte into a measurable signal. |
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