Loading...
ScienceDaily: Top News |
| 'Boot camp' enzyme prevents autoimmune conditions Posted: 31 Jan 2022 03:58 PM PST Researchers have identified an enzyme in the thymus that is essential for immune T cells to correctly identify threats, safeguarding them from going rogue and attacking healthy tissue in the body. |
| Brain function boosted by daily physical activity in middle-aged, older adults Posted: 31 Jan 2022 01:42 PM PST A new study finds brain function boosted by daily exercise in middle-aged and older adults. |
| What the rise of oxygen on early Earth tells us about life on other planets Posted: 31 Jan 2022 01:15 PM PST When did the Earth reach oxygen levels sufficient to support animal life? Researchers have discovered that a rise in oxygen levels occurred in step with the evolution and expansion of complex, eukaryotic ecosystems. Their findings represent the strongest evidence to date that extremely low oxygen levels exerted an important limitation on evolution for billions of years. |
| Protein machinery of respiration becomes visible Posted: 31 Jan 2022 12:33 PM PST Researchers provide high-resolution electron microscopy analysis of the molecular machinery within the respiratory chain. |
| Posted: 31 Jan 2022 12:33 PM PST The nucleus is guarded by a highly secure door, the so-called nuclear pore, that controls the transport of substances from the cytoplasm to the cell nucleus and back. A research group has now shown that different shuttle proteins occupy the nuclear pore to prevent unsolicited leakage of molecules. These proteins form an escape-proof, failsafe mechanism by compensating for one another to fortify the pore. |
| Molecular machine in nano cage Posted: 31 Jan 2022 12:33 PM PST Theoretical chemists have constructed a molecular gyroscope that can be controlled remotely by light. They also succeeded in characterizing the rotational movements of this synthetic nanomachine with computer simulations. |
| Unveiling the secrets of biofilms Posted: 31 Jan 2022 12:33 PM PST Most bacteria have the ability to form communities, biofilms, that adhere to a wide variety of surfaces and are difficult to remove. This can lead to major problems, for example in hospitals or in the food industry. Now, an international team has studied a model system for biofilms at the synchrotron radiation facilities BESSY II at HZB and the ESRF and found out what role the structures within the biofilm play in the distribution of nutrients and water. |
| Power at sea: Towards high-performance seawater batteries Posted: 31 Jan 2022 12:33 PM PST Despite the many potential applications of seawater batteries (SWBs), the limited performance of available materials has hindered their commercialization. To tackle this issue, scientists have developed a novel co-doped carbon material for the anode of SWBs. Their straightforward synthesis route and the high performance of the developed anode material will pave the way for the widespread adoption of SWBs, which are safer and less expensive than lithium-ion batteries. |
| The two types of climate coping and what they mean for your health Posted: 31 Jan 2022 12:32 PM PST When it comes to coping with climate change, there may be two types of people: those who take action to try to improve the environment and those who don't bother because they don't believe their actions will make a difference. Knowing who's who could help policymakers communicate more effectively about environmental issues, new research suggests. |
| Posted: 31 Jan 2022 12:32 PM PST A new study involving more than 100 scientists from across the globe and the largest forest database yet assembled estimates that there are about 73,000 tree species on Earth, including about 9,200 species yet to be discovered. |
| Precisely opening a gate to the brain in mice Posted: 31 Jan 2022 11:02 AM PST Researchers developed a technique in laboratory animals to consistently and reproducibly open the blood-brain barrier. This barrier serves as a barricade securing the brain from the external world blocking out certain environmental toxins, but also prevents drug therapies from reaching their intended targets. The new technique is based on a routine procedure for removing clots from the brain's arteries in patients. Their paper essentially provides a roadmap for other researchers to develop and test new therapies for brain diseases. |
| Midwestern beef production works just as well off pasture Posted: 31 Jan 2022 10:28 AM PST Beef producers in the upper Midwest know grazing land is in short supply. With more acres being developed or converted to cropland, producers who want to expand their cow-calf operations are looking for alternatives to traditional pasture management. New research shows cow-calf pairs can be managed in drylots throughout the summer grazing period with few negative consequences. |
| Widespread retreat and loss of marine-terminating glaciers in the northern hemisphere Posted: 31 Jan 2022 10:28 AM PST Researchers have mapped out all the glaciers that end in the ocean in the Northern Hemisphere and provide a measure of their rate of change over the last 20 years. Their findings will help us better understand -- and perhaps predict -- the impact of climate change north of the equator. |
| Machine learning fine-tunes flash graphene Posted: 31 Jan 2022 10:28 AM PST Scientists are using machine learning techniques to streamline the process of synthesizing graphene from waste through flash Joule heating. |
| Scientists use 'sticky' DNA to build organized structures of gel blocks Posted: 31 Jan 2022 10:28 AM PST Researchers have used microscopic strands of DNA to guide the assembly of gel blocks that are visible to the naked eye. |
| Key growth factor protects gut from inflammatory bowel disease Posted: 31 Jan 2022 10:28 AM PST A growth factor protein produced by rare immune cells in the intestine can protect against the effects of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), according to a new discovery. |
| Burst of radiation and vesicles-based immunotherapy suppress brain cancer growth Posted: 31 Jan 2022 10:28 AM PST The priming of glioblastoma with a burst of radiation increased dramatically the uptake of extracellular vesicles-based immunotherapy by the tumor and the surrounding microenvironment, halting tumor growth, inducing anti-tumor immunity, and prolonging survival in animal models. In glioblastomas primed with radiation, extracellular vesicles allowed the immunotherapy to cross the blood-brain barrier, recruiting immune cells to the tumor site and reversing the expression of PD-L1, the protein responsible for immunosuppression of the larger tumor environment. |
| Towards greener smart cities with machine learning-based 'sleep schedules' Posted: 31 Jan 2022 10:19 AM PST While cellular networks are the foundation of smart cities, they consume a lot of energy, enhancing global warming. Putting base stations (BSs) with low traffic to sleep saves energy but also reduces traffic prediction accuracy. In a new study, researchers address this trade-off using machine learning technique to switch off BSs based on their contribution to prediction accuracy. The new scheme reduces power consumption and demonstrates a prediction accuracy superior to benchmark schemes. |
| Are cities the key to the electric revolution? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 09:21 AM PST A new article argues that cities need to use local policies and incentives to encourage the wider adoption of electric vehicles. The authors outline a number of steps cities can take to support the uptake of electric vehicles, such as leading by example and using fiscal mechanisms. The team also discuss factors that influence the electric revolution, including situational factors, contextual factors, and barriers and enablers. |
| Pioneering research forecasts climate change set to send costs of flooding soaring Posted: 31 Jan 2022 09:21 AM PST Climate change could result in the financial toll of flooding rising by more than a quarter in the United States by 2050 -- and disadvantaged communities will bear the biggest brunt, according to new research. |
| Wider-reaching solutions urgently needed to reach realistic 'net zero,' warn researchers Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:05 AM PST There should be greater investment in using a wider group of experts to make decisions about how the landscape is managed if the UK is to reach climate targets such as net zero, a new report warns. |
| Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:05 AM PST Our sensory systems provide us with immediate information about the world around us. Researchers have created the first sensory map for smell. The map details how the fruit fly's olfactory receptor neurons, the components that sense smell, are organized within the insect's sensory hairs. |
| Simplified antibiotic may set the stage for antitumor treatments Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:05 AM PST Garden soil houses a variety of bacteria and their natural byproducts -- including one that may help halt tumor growth. Lankacidins are molecules that can be isolated from Strepomyces rochei, a common bacterium in soil. In addition to antimicrobial properties, a type of lankacidins, called lankacidin C, can inhibit tumor activity in various cancer cell lines, including leukemia, melanoma, ovarian and breast cancers. Lankacidin C offers a potential foundation on which to design anticancer drugs, but its structure is complicated and difficult to manipulate, according to an international research group. The same group recently identified where antitumor activity is housed on the molecule and has now used that information to simplify lankacidin as a potential starting point to engineer treatments. |
| Low volcanic temperature ushered in global cooling and the thriving of dinosaurs Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:05 AM PST Dinosaurs came to flourish during the Jurassic period after a volcanic eruption roughly 201 millions years ago wiped out many marine and land animals, leaving them able to evolve and grow. Now, further details about this eruption and the mass extinction have been revealed. A group of researchers demonstrated how low temperature magma slowly heated sedimentary rocks, causing high sulfur dioxide and low carbon dioxide emissions, a process which cooled the earth. |
| New imaging method reveals causes of cerebral oedema Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:05 AM PST Cerebral oedema is a dangerous complication in many brain-related conditions such as strokes. Researchers have now developed a new measurement method that enables a better understanding of the cellular causes of cerebral oedema. According to a new study, the TRPV4 ion channel in particular plays an important role. |
| A new method for quantum computing Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:04 AM PST Physicists have proposed a new architecture for a scalable quantum computer. Making use of the collective motion of the constituent particles, they were able to construct new building blocks for quantum computing that pose fewer technical difficulties than current state-of-the art methods. |
| Depression and anxiety spiked in pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic, research shows Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:04 AM PST The COVID-19 pandemic caused a spike in depression and anxiety in expectant mums, a new study has revealed. There was an increase in reported depression rates of 30 per cent from pre-pandemic levels, from 17 per cent to 47 per cent -- with anxiety rates also jumping up 37 per cent in expecting mothers to 60 per cent. |
| 'Traveling' nature of brain waves may help working memory work Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:04 AM PST The act of holding information in mind is accompanied by coordination of rotating brain waves in the prefrontal cortex, a phenomenon which might confer specific advantages, a new study suggests. |
| 2D material in three dimensions Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:04 AM PST For years, scientists have tried to develop 2D-materials such as graphene, which consists of only one layer of carbon atoms. But what if you need to fit as much graphene as possible into a limited space? Then the graphene layer has to be turned into a complex 3d shape. |
| Making RNA vaccines easier to swallow Posted: 31 Jan 2022 08:04 AM PST Researchers developed a way to deliver RNA in a capsule that can be swallowed, which could make RNA vaccines easier to tolerate. It could also make it easier to deliver other kinds of therapeutic RNA or DNA directly to the digestive tract, to help treat gastrointestinal disorders. |
| Activated protein C can protect against age-related cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury Posted: 31 Jan 2022 07:08 AM PST A preclinical study offers molecular insight into how activated protein C (APC) may improve the tolerance of aging hearts to reperfusion injury -- a potentially adverse effect of treatment for ischemic heart disease |
| Some Finnish forest owners do not believe in biodiversity loss – for others it is a crisis Posted: 31 Jan 2022 06:50 AM PST We should start talking about biodiversity loss denial, just like we discussed climate change denial in the recent past, researchers say. |
| Locations of ancient Maya sacred groves of cacao trees discovered Posted: 31 Jan 2022 06:50 AM PST A team has identified nine sinkholes in the Yucatan peninsula that contain evidence of both cacao trees and ancient ceremonial rituals. |
| Alternative technique for determining the true activity of catalysts Posted: 31 Jan 2022 05:38 AM PST Electrolysis of water into hydrogen and oxygen is a potential source of clean hydrogen fuel. However, the process requires efficient electrocatalysts. Unfortunately, conventional techniques often overestimate their efficiency. Now, researchers demonstrate an alternative technique for gauging the electrocatalytic performance accurately, opening doors to a smooth transition from lab-scale studies to large-scale hydrogen fuel generation and commercialization of new catalysts with no activity loss issues from overestimation of activity with transient voltammetry techniques. |
| Scientists uncover how the shape of melting ice depends on water temperature Posted: 31 Jan 2022 05:38 AM PST A team of mathematicians and physicists has discovered how ice formations are shaped by external forces, such as water temperature. Its newly published research may offer another means for gauging factors that cause ice to melt. |
| Study explores how temperate rainforests can aid the fight against climate change Posted: 31 Jan 2022 05:38 AM PST Research has shown that the level of growth needed to produce the amount of trees required by UK targets is unlikely to be achieved through natural means alone. |
| To keep or not to keep those New Year’s resolutions? Posted: 31 Jan 2022 05:38 AM PST New research suggests that people may not always want help with sticking to their New Year's resolutions. Individuals often make resolutions in January to maintain healthy lifestyle regimes - for example to eat better or exercise more often - then fail to keep them. Behavioural scientists frequently interpret such behaviour as evidence of a conflict between two 'selves' of a person -- a Planner (in charge of self-control) and a Doer (who responds spontaneously to the temptations of the moment). A team of researchers from the Universities of East Anglia (UEA), Warwick, Cardiff and Lancaster in the UK and Passau in Germany investigated how far people identify with their Planners and their Doers. |
| Researchers use mobile device data to predict COVID-19 outbreaks Posted: 31 Jan 2022 05:38 AM PST Researchers were able to accurately predict outbreaks of COVID-19 in Connecticut municipalities using anonymous location information from mobile devices, according to a new study. The novel analysis applied in the study could help health officials stem community outbreaks of COVID-19 and allocate testing resources more efficiently, the researchers said. |
| Posted: 31 Jan 2022 05:38 AM PST The search to better understand the tremendous range of responses to infection with the COVID-19 virus -- from symptom free to critically ill -- has uncovered in some of the sickest patients a handful of rare structural gene variants involved in body processes, like inflammation, which the virus needs to be successful. |
| Scientists identify geological 'Goldilocks zone' for the formation of metal ore deposits Posted: 31 Jan 2022 05:38 AM PST Scientists have identified a mechanism through which important metals, crucial to the manufacturing of renewable energy technologies, are passed from the Earth's mantle to the crust. |
| Topology at the corner of the dining table Posted: 28 Jan 2022 11:13 AM PST A research team has discovered an unusual topological aspect of sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, which will not only facilitate the understanding of the mechanism behind salt's dissolution and formation, but may also pave the way for the future design of nanoscale conducting quantum wires. |
| Mechanical basis for abdominal aortic aneurysm Posted: 28 Jan 2022 11:13 AM PST Researchers have demonstrated mechanobiological changes in vascular smooth muscle cells and identified a key ion channel that is involved in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm. |
| You are subscribed to email updates from Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now. | Email delivery powered by Google |
| Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States | |
Loading...
Loading...
