ScienceDaily: Top News


Study shows: Fish can calculate

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT

Cichlids and stingrays can perform simple addition and subtraction in the number range of one to five. This has been shown in a recent study by the University of Bonn, which has now been published in the journal Scientific Reports. It is not known what the animals need their mathematical abilities for.

Can weekly prednisone treat obesity?

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT

Obese mice that were fed a high-fat diet and that received prednisone one time per week had improved exercise endurance, got stronger, increased their lean body mass and lost weight, reports a new study. The mice also had increased muscle metabolism. The once-weekly prednisone promoted nutrient uptake into the muscles.

Polarized speech: A function of self-persuasion

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT

A new study finds competitive debaters, randomly assigned a position, persuade themselves to the superiority of their side, even if it falls contrary to their own personal beliefs.

Are COVID-19-linked arrhythmias caused by viral damage to the heart's pacemaker cells?

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT

The SARS-CoV-2 virus can infect specialized pacemaker cells that maintain the heart's rhythmic beat, setting off a self-destruction process within the cells, according to a preclinical study. The findings offer a possible explanation for the heart arrhythmias that are commonly observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Origins of the Avars elucidated with ancient DNA

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT

Less known than Attila's Huns, the Avars were their more successful successors. They ruled much of Central and Eastern Europe for almost 250 years. We know that they came from Central Asia in the sixth century CE, but ancient authors and modern historians debated their provenance. Now, a multidisciplinary research team of geneticists, archaeologists and historians has obtained and studied the first ancient genomes from the most important Avar elite sites discovered in contemporary Hungary. This study traces the genetic origin of the Avar elite to a faraway region of East Central Asia. It provides direct genetic evidence for one of the largest and most rapid long-distance migrations in ancient human history.

Perseverance records the first ever sounds from Mars

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT

NASA's Perseverance rover, which has been surveying the surface of Mars since February 2021, has for the first time recorded the acoustic environment of the Red Planet.

Researchers roll out data on COVID vaccine distribution and waste

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT

Researchers are rolling out a data set that provides detailed information on COVID-19 vaccine shipments and wastage across the United States, with the goal of spurring new data analysis to improve vaccination efforts in the future.

Pandemic lockdowns had severe mental health consequences for women in the developing world

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

While potentially crucial to preventing the spread of COVID-19, lockdowns are associated with increased rates of depression and anxiety as well as food insecurity among women in India and other parts of the developing world, according to a new research.

Lost bioscapes window into Polynesian settlement circa 12th century

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

Polynesian explorers discovered a treasure trove of unique plants and animals when they arrived in the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia, according to new research.

Periodic volcanism triggered multiple Jurassic extinctions

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

Geologists have provided critical new evidence for the timing of volcanic activity in the Karoo province, the largest of the Jurassic magma systems. The remnants of the province are widespread in southern Africa and Antarctica.

Wildfire smoke exposure in early pregnancy affects infant monkey behavior

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

Infant monkeys conceived while their mothers were naturally exposed to wildfire smoke show behavioral changes compared to animals conceived days later, according to a new study.

Study shows COVID-19's lingering impacts on the brain

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

Researchers have shown in detail how COVID-19 affects the central nervous system, according to a new study. The findings are the first comprehensive assessment of neuropathology associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a nonhuman primate model.

Higher blood fats more harmful than first thought

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

The increased levels of blood fats in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity are more harmful than previously thought, a new study has found. The research shows they can kill cells, make symptoms more severe, and worsen the illness. Increased fat in the blood has long been known to damage tissues and organs, contributing to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes.

Warmer autumns could spell bad news for butterflies, suggests study

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:47 AM PDT

New research finds that longer and warmer autumns make it less likely that green-veined white butterflies will survive winter to emerge in spring.

Burst of accumulated zinc shows how the mineral boosts immune function, suggesting ways to improve health

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 03:53 PM PDT

Zinc's immune-boosting properties are well-established, but scientists haven't known exactly how it works. Scientists now reveal two ways the mineral supports immunity and suggest how it could be used to improve health. Using mice, the team discovered that zinc is needed for the development of disease-fighting immune cells called T cells and prompts regeneration of the thymus, the immune organ that produces T cells.

Scientists develop environmentally safe, frost-resistant coatings

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 03:53 PM PDT

Engineers have developed a longer-lasting alternative to conventional deicers.

Polynesian Island yields 'treasure trove' of fungal biodiversity

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 02:08 PM PDT

Researchers have provided a detailed description of the stunning array of fungi that make their home on the Polynesian island of Mo'orea. The collection includes more than 200 species of macrofungi -- that is, fungi producing visible, fruiting bodies -- many of which may be new to science.

Viral transformations in the female genital tract can spell trouble for women’s health

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:15 PM PDT

A new study uses next-generation gene sequencing to get a clearer read on the community of viruses present in vaginal microbiome samples and its implication for the development of cervical cancer.

Mammals put brawn before brains to survive post-dinosaur world

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:15 PM PDT

Prehistoric mammals bulked up, rather than develop bigger brains, to boost their survival chances once dinosaurs had become extinct, research suggests.

A single gene controls species diversity in an ecosystem

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:14 PM PDT

To test if a single gene could affect an entire ecosystem, a research team conducted a lab experiment with a plant and its associated ecosystem of insects. They found that plants with a mutation at a specific gene foster ecosystems with more insect species. The discovery of such a 'keystone gene' could change current biodiversity conservation strategies.

Scientific consortium provides real-time risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants on immune protection

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 10:42 AM PDT

A new program has been set up to provide a real-time risk assessment of variants of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The program assesses how the variants might affect transmission, virulence, and resistance to both disease-induced (convalescent) and vaccine-induced immunity.

Volcano monitoring at Mount Etna using fiber optic cables

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 09:12 AM PDT

In order to understand and predict volcanic events even better, a better understanding of the diverse underground processes involved is required. A new way to detect such processes, even if they are very subtle, is to use fiber optic cables as sensors. The analysis of light that is backscattered in them when the cables are deformed by vibrations, for example, has now made it possible for the first time to determine the volcanic signature of the Sicilian volcano Etna very precisely.

Ozone may be heating the planet more than we realize

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 09:12 AM PDT

New research reveals ozone in the lower atmosphere in particular contributed to warming in the Southern Ocean - which absorbs much of the planet's excess heat - more than previously realized. The study shows that ozone is more than just a pollutant, but also may be playing a significant role in climate change.

Million-year-old Arctic sedimentary record sheds light on climate mystery

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 07:16 AM PDT

New research provides a continuous look at a shift in climate, called the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, that has puzzled scientists.

Surprising way to make walking easier

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 07:16 AM PDT

New findings describe a novel way to reduce the energy people spend to walk, as much as by half, which could have applications for therapy received by patients with impaired walking abilities.