ScienceDaily: Top Science News


'Flash droughts' coming on faster, global study shows

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 01:05 PM PDT

Just like flash floods, flash droughts come on fast -- drying out soil in a matter of days to weeks. These events can wipe out crops and cause huge economic losses. And according to scientists, the speed at which they dry out the landscape has increased.

CRISPR and HIV: New technique in human blood unveils potential paths toward cure

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 01:05 PM PDT

Scientists are using new advances in CRISPR gene-editing technology to uncover new biology that could lead to longer-lasting treatments and new therapeutic strategies for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Monkeys routinely consume fruit containing alcohol, shedding light on our own taste for booze

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 11:13 AM PDT

Scientists analyzed the ethanol content of fruit eaten by spider monkeys in Panama, and found that the fruit regularly contained alcohol: between 1% and 2%. The researchers also collected urine samples, most of which contained secondary metabolites of ethanol. The results provide further evidence that our primate ancestors preferentially sought out fermented, alcohol-containing fruit likely for its greater nutritional value, and that humans may have inherited this proclivity for ethanol.

Drenching rains to pose greater threat to fire-damaged areas in West

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 11:13 AM PDT

The western United States this century is facing a greatly heightened risk of heavy rains inundating areas recently scarred by wildfires, new research warns. Such events can cause significant destruction, including debris flows, mudslides, and flash floods, because the denuded landscape cannot easily contain the drenching moisture.

Study shows: Fish can calculate

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT

Cichlids and stingrays can perform simple addition and subtraction in the number range of one to five, according to new research. It is not known what the animals need their mathematical abilities for.

New cell type in human lung has regenerative properties

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:22 AM PDT

A new type of cell that resides deep within human lungs and may play a key role in human lung diseases has been discovered.

Perseverance records the first ever sounds from Mars

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT

NASA's Perseverance rover, which has been surveying the surface of Mars since February 2021, has for the first time recorded the acoustic environment of the Red Planet.

New polymer membrane tech improves efficiency of carbon dioxide capture

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 09:21 AM PDT

Researchers have developed a new membrane technology that allows for more efficient removal of carbon dioxide from mixed gases, such as emissions from power plants.

Periodic volcanism triggered multiple Jurassic extinctions

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

Geologists have provided critical new evidence for the timing of volcanic activity in the Karoo province, the largest of the Jurassic magma systems. The remnants of the province are widespread in southern Africa and Antarctica.

Study shows COVID-19's lingering impacts on the brain

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

Researchers have shown in detail how COVID-19 affects the central nervous system, according to a new study. The findings are the first comprehensive assessment of neuropathology associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a nonhuman primate model.

Estimates of the carbon cycle -- vital to predicting climate change -- are incorrect, new research shows

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

Researchers have discovered that key parts of the global carbon cycle used to track movement of carbon dioxide in the environment are not correct, which could significantly alter conventional carbon cycle models. This finding has the potential to change predictions for climate change, though it is unclear at this juncture if the mismatch will result in more or less carbon dioxide being accounted for in the environment.

Higher blood fats more harmful than first thought

Posted: 01 Apr 2022 06:48 AM PDT

The increased levels of blood fats in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity are more harmful than previously thought, a new study has found. The research shows they can kill cells, make symptoms more severe, and worsen the illness. Increased fat in the blood has long been known to damage tissues and organs, contributing to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes.

Burst of accumulated zinc shows how the mineral boosts immune function, suggesting ways to improve health

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 03:53 PM PDT

Zinc's immune-boosting properties are well-established, but scientists haven't known exactly how it works. Scientists now reveal two ways the mineral supports immunity and suggest how it could be used to improve health. Using mice, the team discovered that zinc is needed for the development of disease-fighting immune cells called T cells and prompts regeneration of the thymus, the immune organ that produces T cells.

Mammals put brawn before brains to survive post-dinosaur world

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:15 PM PDT

Prehistoric mammals bulked up, rather than develop bigger brains, to boost their survival chances once dinosaurs had become extinct, research suggests.

A single gene controls species diversity in an ecosystem

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:14 PM PDT

To test if a single gene could affect an entire ecosystem, a research team conducted a lab experiment with a plant and its associated ecosystem of insects. They found that plants with a mutation at a specific gene foster ecosystems with more insect species. The discovery of such a 'keystone gene' could change current biodiversity conservation strategies.

Scientists bioprint tissue-like constructs capable of controlled, complex shape change

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 12:14 PM PDT

New cell-laden bioink, comprised of tightly-packed, flake-shaped microgels and living cells, the production of cell-rich 4D bioconstructs that can change shape under physiological conditions.

Increased heat and drought stunt tropical trees, a major carbon sink

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 10:42 AM PDT

For a long time, ecologists assumed tree rings to be absent in tropical trees because of a lack of temperature and rain fluctuations in the trees' environment. But in recent decades, the formation of growth rings has been proven for hundreds of tropical tree species, which are sensitive to drought and usually experience at least a month or two of slightly reduced rainfall every year.

Ozone may be heating the planet more than we realize

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 09:12 AM PDT

New research reveals ozone in the lower atmosphere in particular contributed to warming in the Southern Ocean - which absorbs much of the planet's excess heat - more than previously realized. The study shows that ozone is more than just a pollutant, but also may be playing a significant role in climate change.

Mercury has magnetic storms

Posted: 31 Mar 2022 07:16 AM PDT

An international team of scientists has proved that Mercury, our solar system's smallest planet, has geomagnetic storms similar to those on Earth. Their finding, a first, answers the question of whether other planets, including those outside our solar system, can have geomagnetic storms regardless of the size of their magnetosphere or whether they have an Earth-like ionosphere.

New study of how bacteria swim could help prevent the spread of disease and improve medical treatments

Posted: 30 Mar 2022 08:13 AM PDT

A research team studied how bacteria swim in complex fluids, providing insight into how the microorganisms move through different environments, such as their natural habitats or inside the human body.

Researchers find new strategy for preventing clogged arteries

Posted: 28 Mar 2022 12:05 PM PDT

Revving up a process that slows down as we age may protect against atherosclerosis, a major cause of heart attacks and strokes. Scientists have successfully minimized artery-narrowing plaque in mice that would otherwise develop those lesions. The researchers did so by boosting chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a cellular housekeeping process.