  How policy and regulation impact the crypto world – and the other way around By Nikhilesh De Managing Editor, Global Policy & Regulation Aug. 10, 2021 If you were forwarded this newsletter and would like to receive it, sign up here.
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Welcome to State of Crypto, a CoinDesk newsletter looking at the intersection of cryptocurrency and government. I’m your host, Nikhilesh De. You’re probably here because you signed up, but in case you're not a fan, you can unsubscribe here.
Well, the Senate’s going to pass its infrastructure bill today. Despite a week of negotiations, the language in the bill will be the broadest version possible. There’s a bit of regulatory whiplash.
—Nik
Chaos in Congress  The U.S. Capitol Building (Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images) The narrative And after all that, the bill the Senate will pass is the exact same version we saw a week ago.
Okay, if you’re a reader of this newsletter, you’ve probably kept up with what’s going on in D.C. I’ll throw some links below if you need to catch up but in short, the Senate is going to vote on its $1 trillion infrastructure bill with the original crypto tax reporting provision that was introduced on Aug. 1. Two amendments and a Hail Mary effort were blocked for non-crypto reasons. Why it matters Congress definitely isn’t ignoring crypto anymore. The jury’s still out on whether that’s good or not. Breaking it down So last week was a trip. At one point, a $1 trillion must-pass infrastructure bill was in limbo in part due to crypto. And on Sunday night, after all the time and energy invested in changing the crypto reporting provision, we saw the Senate vote to just pass the bill as originally introduced a week prior, for reasons that had nothing to do with the crypto provision.
Less than a day later, we saw a last-minute effort to add a bipartisan compromise fail because a Senator wanted to add a military spending amendment.
I wrote last week that the crypto provision in the infrastructure bill was a sign that Washington lawmakers believe crypto will be a permanent part of the U.S. financial or technological ecosystem. The past week’s worth of lobbying and action has largely just reinforced my observation.
We saw two different bipartisan groups of Senators submit amendments to the original draft to narrow the scope of the term “broker” before these groups came together to offer a compromise that satisfied all involved lawmakers, the U.S. Treasury Department and industry groups.
A handful of news articles, such as in Politico, The Washington Post, The New York Times and Vox, seemed to underscore this point Based on my Twitter feed, we’re also likely to see more support for the lobbyists and think tanks, as well as more public outreach from the incredibly online group of crypto users and proponents.
Now, all eyes turn to the House of Representatives. There’s already bipartisan support for amending the bill, but the question is how. Any changes will need to be reconciled with the Senate version, meaning if there’s a substantial difference in the pay-fors, House lawmakers will have to find a way to fill that hole.
In the weeks to come I imagine we’ll learn more about what the House may do and what the non-crypto considerations are. But in the meantime, here’s a little refresher on how we got here:
More to come on this story.
Defining DeFi A lot happened last week. SEC Chair Gary Gensler gave a speech on DeFi and the regulatory agency then brought two enforcement actions that seem to be the setup for more DeFi work.
This might actually be a bigger signal than what the Senate’s doing. The infrastructure bill, even if passed into law, won’t take effect for another year. The SEC is gearing up now in what sure looks like an effort to stake its claim to DeFi regulation.
So far, the two actions we’ve seen have been with centralized entities. On Friday, the SEC announced charges against DeFi Money Market, which doesn’t appear to actually be a decentralized anything but was still described as a “decentralized finance lender” in an SEC press release.
The release said the case was the “agency’s first involving securities using DeFi technology.”
Yesterday, the SEC settled with Poloniex, which was briefly a Circle subsidiary. Gabriel Shapiro, general counsel at Delphi Labs, tweeted that it looks as if the SEC may be trying to build a precedent for more decentralized exchanges, as did Collins Belton, managing partner at Brookwood P.C.
In other words: There will absolutely be more cases, and in time those cases are going to move from centralized trading platforms masquerading as decentralized ones to ones that more closely resemble DEXs.
In a statement published alongside the Circle settlement, SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce also noted that it’s still unclear just which cryptocurrencies on the exchange were securities, a key question for other exchanges operating in the U.S.
The Biden Bunch Changing of the guard  Key: (nom.) = nominee, (rum.) = rumored, (act.) = acting, (inc.) = incumbent (no replacement anticipated) The Biden administration is now considering Cornell University law professor Saule Omarova as a potential head for the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, which is currently headed up by Acting Comptroller Michael Hsu, according to The New York Times. Moreover, Acting FinCEN head Michael Mosier has stepped down, and has been replaced by Himamauli “Him” Das.
Elsewhere 
CoinDesk DFX Launch  The CoinDesk DeFi Index (DFX), measuring the investable DeFi market, is now available for investors watching decentralized finance.
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