Amanda R. Pahngand Scott Edwards A review of mostly preclinical studies reports remarkable progress in understanding the effects of excessive use of alcohol and opioids on the bodys response to pain, particularly in the frontocortical area of the brain. Increased understanding of substance-induced changes in pain-related brain circuitry, especially those contributing to the development of analgesic tolerance and pain hypersensitivity, will be key to translating preclinical findings into treatment breakthroughs. |
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