UN Conference on Water Aims to Rally Support for Ambitious Goals The last time the United Nations hosted a conference dedicated to global water supply and sanitation the world looked vastly different. Half as many people were alive. China’s economy was smaller than the United Kingdom’s. And a year colder than the 20th century average was still possible. It was 1977, a decade of global environmental awakening, when the nations of the world gathered in an Argentine port city to call attention to the vulnerability of water bodies to pollution and overuse. The Mar del Plata conference aimed for wiser management of an essential resource in order to improve environmental health and “promote human dignity and happiness.” Forty-six years later, the challenges remain. Environmental health and human dignity are again on the agenda. But achieving progress is impeded by growth in farm and factory output and by a warming planet that is unleashing hellacious droughts, ruinous floods, and punishing storms. Industrial farms gulp water and spit out pollutants. Glaciers from the Alps to the Andes are shriveling, drying out alpine towns. Delegates arriving this week in New York City to take part in the UN’s second international water conference will do so in more frenzied circumstances. Eight billion people now inhabit the planet. China, hoovering raw materials for decades, is the world’s second largest economy, its output more than five times bigger than the UK’s. And global temperatures march steadily upwards. “The world is a much riskier place than in 1977,” said Quentin Grafton, a water scholar at the Australian National University. Part pep rally, part trade show, part performance review, the UN Water Conference is pitched by its co-hosts, the governments of the Netherlands and Tajikistan, as an opportunity for the world to recommit to ambitious goals of safely managed water and sanitation for all people and ecosystems. The centerpiece of the conference, which runs from March 22 to 24, is the “water action agenda,” a compilation of voluntary commitments from national governments, nonprofits, businesses, and intergovernmental agencies. Together these commitments extend beyond the conference walls, pushing leaders to be more careful, inclusive water stewards in the years ahead. “It’s not what happens in three days,” Grafton said about the goals of the conference. “It’s what happens afterward.” |