Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the typical vaccine took more than five years to develop. Pfizer, Moderna and more than a half-dozen other biopharma companies raced from virus discovery to phase 3 testing of their COVID-19 vaccines in under a year, promising an end to the pandemic in 2021.

Now the industry is asking an important question: Can we take what we learned from COVID-19 vaccine successes and use it to speed up the development of other vaccines?